Uma arquitetura multiagentes para sistema educacional baseado na web semântica

Pós-graduação em Ciência da Computação - IBILCE

Uma abordagem evolucionária e espacial para o jogo da autorregulação de processos de trocas sociais em sistemas multiagentes

Interações sociais são frequentemente descritas como trocas sociais. Na literatura, trocas sociais em Sistemas Multiagentes são objeto de estudo em diversos contextos, nos quais as relações sociais são interpretadas como trocas sociais. Dentre os problemas estudados, um problema fundamental discutido na literatura e a regulação¸ ao de trocas sociais, por exemplo, a emergência de trocas equilibradas ao longo do tempo levando ao equilíbrio social e/ou comportamento de equilíbrio/justiça. Em particular, o problema da regulação de trocas sociais e difícil quando os agentes tem informação incompleta sobre as estratégias de troca dos outros agentes, especificamente se os agentes tem diferentes estratégias de troca. Esta dissertação de mestrado propõe uma abordagem para a autorregulacao de trocas sociais em sistemas multiagentes, baseada na Teoria dos Jogos. Propõe o modelo de Jogo de Autorregulacão ao de Processos de Trocas Sociais (JAPTS), em uma versão evolutiva e espacial, onde os agentes organizados em uma rede complexa, podem evoluir suas diferentes estratégias de troca social. As estratégias de troca são definidas através dos parâmetros de uma função de fitness. Analisa-se a possibilidade do surgimento do comportamento de equilíbrio quando os agentes, tentando maximizar sua adaptação através da função de fitness, procuram aumentar o numero de interações bem sucedidas. Considera-se um jogo de informação incompleta, uma vez que os agentes não tem informações sobre as estratégias de outros agentes. Para o processo de aprendizado de estratégias, utiliza-se um algoritmo evolutivo, no qual os agentes visando maximizar a sua função de fitness, atuam como autorregulares dos processos de trocas possibilitadas pelo jogo, contribuindo para o aumento do numero de interações bem sucedidas. São analisados 5 diferentes casos de composição da sociedade. Para alguns casos, analisa-se também um segundo tipo de cenário, onde a topologia de rede é modificada, representando algum tipo de mobilidade, a fim de analisar se os resultados são dependentes da vizinhança. Alem disso, um terceiro cenário é estudado, no qual é se determinada uma política de influencia, quando as medias dos parâmetros que definem as estratégias adotadas pelos agentes tornam-se publicas em alguns momentos da simulação, e os agentes que adotam a mesma estratégia de troca, influenciados por isso, imitam esses valores. O modelo foi implementado em NetLogo.

Optimizing last mile delivery using public transport with multiagent based control

The majority of research work carried out in the field of Operations-Research uses methods and algorithms to optimize the pick-up and delivery problem. Most studies aim to solve the vehicle routing problem, to accommodate optimum delivery orders, vehicles etc. This paper focuses on green logistics approach, where existing Public Transport infrastructure capability of a city is used for the delivery of small and medium sized packaged goods thus, helping improve the situation of urban congestion and greenhouse gas emissions reduction. It carried out a study to investigate the feasibility of the proposed multi-agent based simulation model, for efficiency of cost, time and energy consumption. Multimodal Dijkstra Shortest Path algorithm and Nested Monte Carlo Search have been employed for a two-phase algorithmic approach used for generation of time based cost matrix. The quality of the tour is dependent on the efficiency of the search algorithm implemented for plan generation and route planning. The results reveal a definite advantage of using Public Transportation over existing delivery approaches in terms of energy efficiency.

Transport coopératif d'un objet par deux robots humanoïdes dans un environnement encombré

Il y a présentement de la demande dans plusieurs milieux cherchant à utiliser des robots afin d'accomplir des tâches complexes, par exemple l'industrie de la construction désire des travailleurs pouvant travailler 24/7 ou encore effectuer des operation de sauvetage dans des zones compromises et dangereuses pour l'humain. Dans ces situations, il devient très important de pouvoir transporter des charges dans des environnements encombrés. Bien que ces dernières années il y a eu quelques études destinées à la navigation de robots dans ce type d'environnements, seulement quelques-unes d'entre elles ont abordé le problème de robots pouvant naviguer en déplaçant un objet volumineux ou lourd. Ceci est particulièrement utile pour transporter des charges ayant de poids et de formes variables, sans avoir à modifier physiquement le robot. Un robot humanoïde est une des plateformes disponibles afin d'effectuer efficacement ce type de transport. Celui-ci a, entre autres, l'avantage d'avoir des bras et ils peuvent donc les utiliser afin de manipuler précisément les objets à transporter. Dans ce mémoire de maîtrise, deux différentes techniques sont présentées. Dans la première partie, nous présentons un système inspiré par l'utilisation répandue de chariots de fortune par les humains. Celle-ci répond au problème d'un robot humanoïde naviguant dans un environnement encombré tout en déplaçant une charge lourde qui se trouve sur un chariot de fortune. Nous présentons un système de navigation complet, de la construction incrémentale d'une carte de l'environnement et du calcul des trajectoires sans collision à la commande pour exécuter ces trajectoires. Les principaux points présentés sont : 1) le contrôle de tout le corps permettant au robot humanoïde d'utiliser ses mains et ses bras pour contrôler les mouvements du système à chariot (par exemple, lors de virages serrés) ; 2) une approche sans capteur pour automatiquement sélectionner le jeu approprié de primitives en fonction du poids de la charge ; 3) un algorithme de planification de mouvement qui génère une trajectoire sans collisions en utilisant le jeu de primitive approprié et la carte construite de l'environnement ; 4) une technique de filtrage efficace permettant d'ignorer le chariot et le poids situés dans le champ de vue du robot tout en améliorant les performances générales des algorithmes de SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) défini ; et 5) un processus continu et cohérent d'odométrie formés en fusionnant les informations visuelles et celles de l'odométrie du robot. Finalement, nous présentons des expériences menées sur un robot Nao, équipé d'un capteur RGB-D monté sur sa tête, poussant un chariot avec différentes masses. Nos expériences montrent que la charge utile peut être significativement augmentée sans changer physiquement le robot, et donc qu'il est possible d'augmenter la capacité du robot humanoïde dans des situations réelles. Dans la seconde partie, nous abordons le problème de faire naviguer deux robots humanoïdes dans un environnement encombré tout en transportant un très grand objet qui ne peut tout simplement pas être déplacé par un seul robot. Dans cette partie, plusieurs algorithmes et concepts présentés dans la partie précédente sont réutilisés et modifiés afin de convenir à un système comportant deux robot humanoides. Entre autres, nous avons un algorithme de planification de mouvement multi-robots utilisant un espace d'états à faible dimension afin de trouver une trajectoire sans obstacle en utilisant la carte construite de l'environnement, ainsi qu'un contrôle en temps réel efficace de tout le corps pour contrôler les mouvements du système robot-objet-robot en boucle fermée. Aussi, plusieurs systèmes ont été ajoutés, tels que la synchronisation utilisant le décalage relatif des robots, la projection des robots sur la base de leur position des mains ainsi que l'erreur de rétroaction visuelle calculée à partir de la caméra frontale du robot. Encore une fois, nous présentons des expériences faites sur des robots Nao équipés de capteurs RGB-D montés sur leurs têtes, se déplaçant avec un objet tout en contournant d'obstacles. Nos expériences montrent qu'un objet de taille non négligeable peut être transporté sans changer physiquement le robot.

MyHouse : un système de négociation multi-critères dans le commerce électronique, appliqué au domaine du courtage immobilier

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

MyHouse : un système de négociation multi-critères dans le commerce électronique, appliqué au domaine du courtage immobilier

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Agents as multi-threaded logical objects

In this paper we describe a distributed object oriented logic programming language in which an object is a collection of threads deductively accessing and updating a shared logic program. The key features of the language, such as static and dynamic object methods and multiple inheritance, are illustrated through a series of small examples. We show how we can implement object servers, allowing remote spawning of objects, which we can use as staging posts for mobile agents. We give as an example an information gathering mobile agent that can be queried about the information it has so far gathered whilst it is gathering new information. Finally we define a class of co-operative reasoning agents that can do resource bounded inference for full first order predicate logic, handling multiple queries and information updates concurrently. We believe that the combination of the concurrent OO and the LP programming paradigms produces a powerful tool for quickly implementing rational multi-agent applications on the internet.

Multi-level governance and social cohesion in the European Union: the assessment of local agents, a study case inside Galicia

Implementing multi-level governance has been a key priority in EU cohesion policy. This study assesses the perceived achievements and shortcomings in implementing European Social Fund by analyzing the deficits and weaknesses as well as the poor participation of local agents who are in direct contact with the beneficiaries in order to design and implement this fund, which is the main financial instrument of EU social policy.

Synthesis and multi-target biological profiling of a novel family of rhein derivatives as disease-modifying anti-Alzheimer agents

We have synthesized a family of rheinhuprine hybrids to hit several key targets for Alzheimer"s disease. Biological screening performed in vitro and in Escherichia coli cells has shown that these hybrids exhibit potent inhibitory activities against human acetylcholinesterase butyrylcholinesterase, and BACE-1, dual Aβ42 and tau anti-aggregating activity, and brain permeability. Ex vivo studies with the leads (+)- and ()-7e in brain slices of C57bl6 mice have revealed that they efficiently protect against the Aβ-induced synaptic dysfunction , preventing the loss of synaptic proteins and/or have a positive effect on the induction of long term potentiation. In vivo studies in APP-PS1 transgenic mice treated i.p. for 4 weeks with (+)- and ()-7e have shown a central soluble Aβ lowering effect, accompanied by an increase in the levels of mature amyloid precursor protein (APP). Thus, (+)- and ()-7e emerge as very promising disease-modifying anti-Alzheimer drug candidates.

Synthesis and multi-target biological profiling of a novel family of rhein derivatives as disease-modifying anti-Alzheimer agents

We have synthesized a family of rheinhuprine hybrids to hit several key targets for Alzheimer"s disease. Biological screening performed in vitro and in Escherichia coli cells has shown that these hybrids exhibit potent inhibitory activities against human acetylcholinesterase butyrylcholinesterase, and BACE-1, dual Aβ42 and tau anti-aggregating activity, and brain permeability. Ex vivo studies with the leads (+)- and ()-7e in brain slices of C57bl6 mice have revealed that they efficiently protect against the Aβ-induced synaptic dysfunction , preventing the loss of synaptic proteins and/or have a positive effect on the induction of long term potentiation. In vivo studies in APP-PS1 transgenic mice treated i.p. for 4 weeks with (+)- and ()-7e have shown a central soluble Aβ lowering effect, accompanied by an increase in the levels of mature amyloid precursor protein (APP). Thus, (+)- and ()-7e emerge as very promising disease-modifying anti-Alzheimer drug candidates.

2015 Update on Acute Adverse Reactions to Gadolinium based Contrast Agents in Cardiovascular MR. Large Multi-National and Multi-Ethnical Population Experience With 37788 Patients From the EuroCMR Registry.

OBJECTIVES: Specifically we aim to demonstrate that the results of our earlier safety data hold true in this much larger multi-national and multi-ethnical population. BACKGROUND: We sought to re-evaluate the frequency, manifestations, and severity of acute adverse reactions associated with administration of several gadolinium- based contrast agents during routine CMR on a European level. METHODS: Multi-centre, multi-national, and multi-ethnical registry with consecutive enrolment of patients in 57 European centres. RESULTS: During the current observation 37,788 doses of Gadolinium based contrast agent were administered to 37,788 patients. The mean dose was 24.7 ml (range 5-80 ml), which is equivalent to 0.123 mmol/kg (range 0.01 - 0.3 mmol/kg). Forty-five acute adverse reactions due to contrast administration occurred (0.12%). Most reactions were classified as mild (43 of 45) according to the American College of Radiology definition. The most frequent complaints following contrast administration were rashes and hives (15 of 45), followed by nausea (10 of 45) and flushes (10 of 45). The event rate ranged from 0.05% (linear non-ionic agent gadodiamide) to 0.42% (linear ionic agent gadobenate dimeglumine). Interestingly, we also found different event rates between the three main indications for CMR ranging from 0.05% (risk stratification in suspected CAD) to 0.22% (viability in known CAD). CONCLUSIONS: The current data indicate that the results of the earlier safety data hold true in this much larger multi-national and multi-ethnical population. Thus, the "off-label" use of Gadolinium based contrast in cardiovascular MR should be regarded as safe concerning the frequency, manifestation and severity of acute events.

Fast and sensitive supercritical fluid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry multi-class screening method for the determination of doping agents in urine.

This study shows the possibility offered by modern ultra-high performance supercritical fluid chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry in doping control analysis. A high throughput screening method was developed for 100 substances belonging to the challenging classes of anabolic agents, hormones and metabolic modulators, synthetic cannabinoids and glucocorticoids, which should be detected at low concentrations in urine. To selectively extract these doping agents from urine, a supported liquid extraction procedure was implemented in a 48-well plate format. At the tested concentration levels ranging from 0.5 to 5 ng/mL, the recoveries were better than 70% for 48-68% of the compounds and higher than 50% for 83-87% of the tested substances. Due to the numerous interferences related to isomers of steroids and ions produced by the loss of water in the electrospray source, the choice of SFC separation conditions was very challenging. After careful optimization, a Diol stationary phase was employed. The total analysis time for the screening assay was only 8 min, and interferences as well as susceptibility to matrix effect (ME) were minimized. With the developed method, about 70% of the compounds had relative ME within the range ±20%, at a concentration of 1 and 5 ng/mL. Finally, limits of detection achieved with the above-described strategy including 5-fold preconcentration were below 0.1 ng/mL for the majority of the tested compounds. Therefore, LODs were systematically better than the minimum required performance levels established by the World anti-doping agency, except for very few metabolites.

Synthesis and multi-target biological profiling of a novel family of rhein derivatives as disease-modifying anti-Alzheimer agents

We have synthesized a family of rhein-huprine hybrids to hit several key targets for Alzheimer"s disease. Biological screening performed in vitro and in Escherichia coli cells has shown that these hybrids exhibit potent inhibitory activities against human acetylcholinesterase butyrylcholinesterase, and BACE-1, dual Aβ42 and tau anti-aggregating activity, and brain permeability. Ex vivo studies with the leads (+)- and (-)-7e in brain slices of C57bl6 mice have revealed that they efficiently protect against the Aβ-induced synaptic dysfunction , preventing the loss of synaptic proteins and/or have a positive effect on the induction of long term potentiation. In vivo studies in APP-PS1 transgenic mice treated i.p. for 4 weeks with (+)- and (-)-7e have shown a central soluble Aβ lowering effect, accompanied by an increase in the levels of mature amyloid precursor protein (APP). Thus, (+)- and (-)-7e emerge as very promising disease-modifying anti-Alzheimer drug candidates.

Synthesis and multi-target biological profiling of a novel family of rhein derivatives as disease-modifying anti-Alzheimer agents

We have synthesized a family of rhein-huprine hybrids to hit several key targets for Alzheimer"s disease. Biological screening performed in vitro and in Escherichia coli cells has shown that these hybrids exhibit potent inhibitory activities against human acetylcholinesterase butyrylcholinesterase, and BACE-1, dual Aβ42 and tau anti-aggregating activity, and brain permeability. Ex vivo studies with the leads (+)- and (-)-7e in brain slices of C57bl6 mice have revealed that they efficiently protect against the Aβ-induced synaptic dysfunction , preventing the loss of synaptic proteins and/or have a positive effect on the induction of long term potentiation. In vivo studies in APP-PS1 transgenic mice treated i.p. for 4 weeks with (+)- and (-)-7e have shown a central soluble Aβ lowering effect, accompanied by an increase in the levels of mature amyloid precursor protein (APP). Thus, (+)- and (-)-7e emerge as very promising disease-modifying anti-Alzheimer drug candidates.

Synthesis and multi-target biological profiling of a novel family of rhein derivatives as disease-modifying anti-Alzheimer agents

We have synthesized a family of rhein-huprine hybrids to hit several key targets for Alzheimer"s disease. Biological screening performed in vitro and in Escherichia coli cells has shown that these hybrids exhibit potent inhibitory activities against human acetylcholinesterase butyrylcholinesterase, and BACE-1, dual Aβ42 and tau anti-aggregating activity, and brain permeability. Ex vivo studies with the leads (+)- and (-)-7e in brain slices of C57bl6 mice have revealed that they efficiently protect against the Aβ-induced synaptic dysfunction , preventing the loss of synaptic proteins and/or have a positive effect on the induction of long term potentiation. In vivo studies in APP-PS1 transgenic mice treated i.p. for 4 weeks with (+)- and (-)-7e have shown a central soluble Aβ lowering effect, accompanied by an increase in the levels of mature amyloid precursor protein (APP). Thus, (+)- and (-)-7e emerge as very promising disease-modifying anti-Alzheimer drug candidates.