"Han låter svensk" : En undersökning av svenskfödda lyssnares upplevelse av andraspråkstalares uttal

Uppsatsen bygger på en undersökning där ett eventuellt samband mellan svenskfödda lyssnares är upplevelse av vad som ett begripligt och lyssnarvänligt uttal hos andraspråkstalare, och durationen av de långa ljuden i betonade stavelser hos andraspråkstalare utreds. En lyssnargrupp bestående av 20 personer med svenska som förstaspråk fick lyssna på inspelningar av 6 andraspråkstalare som utifrån en bild och tio stödord skapade en berättelse. Lyssnarna betygsatte sedan talarnas uttal på skala från 1 till 6 utifrån kriterierna begriplighet och lyssnarvänlighet, och vid sidan av betygen gav de även skriftliga kommentarer om var och en av de sex talarna.           För att kunna bedöma och jämföra hur väl talarna lyckades realisera den komplementära längden användes talanalysprogrammet Praat. Undersökningen kan inte påvisa något samband mellan lyssnarnas betyg och talarnas förmåga att realisera den komplementära längden, men detta kan hänga samman med metodologiska problem. Lyssnarnas kommentarer visar emellertid på att flera talare lyssnar efter och värderar flyt högt och även att taltempot har en betydelse för upplevelsen av uttalet. Flyt definieras inte men ställt ofta i kontrast till ett hackigt uttal. Övriga faktorer som nämns i lyssnarnas kommentarer handlar ofta om segmentella och grammatiska faktorer och även om bland annat röststyrka och -kvalitet och om den berättartekniska förmågan.

Svensk sociologi : de många rösternas ämne

Sociologisk Forsknings digitala arkiv

Landvinningar, vindkantringar och vägval i svensk sociologi

Sociologisk Forsknings digitala arkiv

Tur och retur paradiset : svensk sociologi sedd från marginalen

Sociologisk Forsknings digitala arkiv

”Varför tar man för givet att feminismen måste vara sekulär?” : En studie om muslimska feminister i svensk kontext

The purpose of this study is to examine how two Muslim feminists perceive themselves to betreated by the Swedish majority society and within the secular feminist movement. Thesurvey was conducted using qualitative method with a total of two interviews. For the study'stheoretical perspectives, I have used postcolonialism and postcolonial feminism. The result ofthe survey and the analysis show that the informants say that they face an image of Muslimwomen as considered being under oppression. The informants believe that this stereotypicalimage has its origin from the colonial period. The question that is most important for themwithin feminism is to be treated as a feminist and as a Muslim without being questioned. Theyfeel like it's hard to identify with the Swedish secular feminism, but they also feel that thegroup of Swedish secular feminists have a difficulty identifying themselves with Muslimwomen too. Consider this, one of the informants does not feel welcome among Swedishsecular feminism while the other one never had an interest in becoming a member of itbecause she did not consider them to strive for the same goal as herself. The informantsclaims that there are opportunities for them to speak in the public debate, but as Muslimfeminists they are facing a bigger struggle.

Organisationer, ojämlikhet, migration : förändringar av den etniska arbetsdelningen i svensk byggnadssektor

Organizations, Inequality, Migration – Changes of the Ethnic Division of Labour in the Swedish Construction Sector During the 1990s the number of migrants from Eastern Europe increased in the Swedish construction sector. This article examines how this change was initiated by changes in the organizational population in the construction sector. The gradual enlargement of the European Union changed the institutional framework for organizations in Sweden. This created increased opportunities for new organizational forms in the construction sector. The specific niche of the new organizations was to recruit and hire out workers from Eastern Europe that were paid lower wages than Swedish workers. The diffusion of this organizational form contributed to a change of norms and beliefs about what was legitimate and illegitimate when employing migrants. This implies that the inequalities that this organizational form introduces have gained increased legitimacy in Sweden. Or in other words, it has become increasingly socially acceptable to pay migrants lower wages than Swedish workers

Bristande mångkultur i en svensk friskola : Möjliga påverkansfaktorer till etnisk skolsegregation

Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka möjliga påverkansfaktorer till varför en mindre friskola ärunderrepresenterad av elever med utländsk bakgrund. För att uppnå syftet ställs tvåfrågeställningar; (1) Vilka förklaringar ger elever med utländsk bakgrund som inte studerar påskolan till varför de inte valt att studera vid skolan? (2) Vilka förklaringar ger elever med utländskbakgrund som studerar på skolan till varför de har valt att studera vid skolan?För att svara på dessa frågor genomförs dels en litteraturstudie, dels en mindre kvantitativenkätundersökning samt en mindre kvalitativ intervjuundersökning. I litteraturstudien går jagigenom olika påverkansfaktorer till den idag påfallande ökande etniska skolsegregationen samtden teori som ligger till grund för analysen av mina två mindre studier.Resultatet visar att det inte finns något entydigt sätt att förklara friskolans brisande mångkultur.Utifrån litteraturstudien samt uppsatsens två mindre studier konstaterar jag att det åtminstonefinns tre påverkansfaktorer till skolans bristande mångkultur. (I) Staden har en påfallande etniskboendesegregation, som påverkar skolornas elevsammansättning, (II) Kompisrelationer är viktigaför skolungdomar vid deras skolval och (III) Skolans information är bristfällig, både om självaskolvalet och om skolans arbetssätt. Resultatanalysen visar också fler faktorer som i mindre gradän de tre nämnda sannolikt påverkar friskolans elevsammansättning.

Tid som välfärdsfaktor : förändrade motiv i svensk arbetstidspolicy

Time as a welfare factor This article presents the results of an archive study of working time development in Sweden. It investigates how structural policy change is moving from a social discourse closely related to Swedish welfare reforms, towards an economic discourse motivated by financial arguments. By doing so, the political measures to solve working time related problems in today’s flexible working life appear to be contradictory. On one side we find time-poor people on the labour market mainly supported by tax-reductions and private time saving solutions. On the other side we find time-rich people mainly supported by activation programs and/or welfare benefits. This is a system and a policy strategy that obviously disregards the other side of the coin.

Konsensus och personifierade konflikter : problembeskrivningar av äldreomsorg i svensk dagspress

Consensus and personified conflicts: representations of elderly care issues in Swedish newspapers Elderly care issues are commonly framed in public discourse. In mass media the representations of such issues are influenced by media logic. The purpose of this paper is to describe and analyse how elderly care issues were represented in three Swedish newspapers during the first half of 2007. How were the problems characterized? How were different actors characterized and which roles were they assigned? How are conflicts of interests described? Finally, we aim to discuss how media contribute to an understanding of the complexity of elderly care as a whole. Taken together, the articles do not provide a coherent picture. However, costs, quality of care and demographic issues were common themes. The elderly were commonly represented in personal narratives about problems that occurred when they needed elderly care. The elderly in the future are projected as more active and demanding than the elderly today. The care workers were active voices in discussions about working conditions, but absent in discussions about their education and professional identity, which was an issue commonly advocated by politicians. Many issues were represented as conflicts between the individual elderly and the care system or between care workers and their employers. More elaborated discussions about how to prioritize between different needs and demands were rare. This can be seen as examples of how the media tends to use personification, simplification and polarization as means to tell interesting stories.

Historisk empati i svensk historiedidaktisk forskning. : En systematisk litteraturstudie om begreppet historisk empati.

Intresset för historiedidaktik ledde mig till Skolverkets Kommentarmaterial till kursplanen i historia där begreppet historisk empati återkom i relevanta sammanhang utan en närmare definiering. Jag bestämde mig för att ta reda på det vilket ledde till att syftet blev att se hur svensk historiedidaktisk forskning definierar begreppet historisk empati samt vad som aktiverar och utvecklar begreppet historisk empati enligt nationell forskning. För att ta reda på syftet och besvara mina frågeställningar användes en systematisk litteraturstudie med en induktiv ansats. Utifrån svensk historiedidaktisk forskning med internationell referenslitteratur som språngbräda insåg jag genom den induktiva metoden hur tre kategorier bildades utifrån forskares definitioner samt metoder för hur begreppet historisk empati kunde utvecklas hos individen. Forskare närmade sig begreppet genom att hänvisa till att begreppet historisk empati utvecklades antingen av en kognitiv förmåga eller ur en kontextuell förståelse men begreppet historisk empati kunde även utvecklas genom att en individ blev känslomässigt engagerad och därför motiverad till att lära vilket i sig kunde utveckla begreppet historisk empati. Mina slutsatser är att kategorierna tillsammans leder till att historisk empati utvecklas hos individen. Vad forskare menar utvecklar historisk empati hos individen är däremot olika då skillnaden är att forskare tillåter olika metoder till att utveckla begreppet historisk empati. De forskare som menar att det enbart krävs en kognitiv förmåga till att utveckla begreppet historisk empati ser inte att motivationen av att bli emotionellt engagerad som en del i att utveckla en historisk empatisk förmåga. Ytterligare finns de forskare som anser att en emotionell känsla kan fungera som motivation vilket leder till att en nyfikenhet skapas som leder till att en kognitiv förmåga byggs upp och att begreppet historisk empati utvecklas. 

De oauktoriserade migranterna i svensk byggnadssektor : En studie i deportationspolitik 1990–2004

The unauthorized migrants in the Swedish construction sector – a study in the policy of deportation 1990–2004 The unauthorized migration of construction workers to Sweden increased during the 1990s, especially at the end of the decade. The migrants often came from Poland and the Baltic states. The aim of this article is to examine this change of the migration pattern to Sweden and how the Swedish Building Workers Union responded to this new situation. I examine how the Building Workers Union cooperated with the Police authorities to find, capture and deport unauthorized migrants. A conclusion is that the Building Workers Union has not adopted a more inclusionary strategy towards unauthorized migrants, as have trade unions in Spain and US. The main strategy has instead been to try to restrict this migration. One explanation of this is that the Building Workers Union is a strong and well organized trade union. It didn’t perceive of unauthorized migrants as potential new members, but as a threat to wages and work conditions. Another explanation is that it has been able to restrict migration in the past. This may contribute to making demands for restrictions an attractive strategy in the present even when the possibilities of succeeding with this have diminished.

Tillhörighetens gränser : Internationell adoption och ursprungets betydelse i svensk utredningsretorik

Boundaries of belonging: transnational adoption and the significance of origin in Swedish official rhetoric This article explores how the category of ‘transnational adoptees’ in Sweden is constructed in two Official Government Reports (SOU). The article is inspired by poststructuralist perspectives on welfare and social categorization, and draws from a postcolonial and feminist theoretical framework. ‘Transnational adoptees’ as a category is understood as constituted through discourse, and given meaning in different contexts. In the reports, a fundamental importance is attached to the fact that individuals with a background as transnationally adopted have been separated from their birth family and country of birth. It is argued that mental problems and a split identity are consequences to be expected from the separation. (Re)connection to the origin is therefore considered to be crucial for the well-being of the group. The article concludes that this line of reasoning is based on a specific logic of blood and roots, in which ‘transnational adoptees’ are understood as belonging to their countries of birth, rather than Sweden. The logic of blood and roots can be read as a form of racialized othering, but also as a discursive exclusion of ‘transnational adoptees’ from Sweden as an imagined, national community.

Revisorn och den institutionaliserade misstron : professionaliseringen av svensk bolagsrevision

The auditor and the insitutionalization of distrust: the professionalization of external auditing in Sweden This paper addresses professionalization with a focus on trust, rather than on issues of power and competition. It contains a conceptual analysis of trust/confidence, as well as a case study of the professionalization of external auditing in Sweden. The conceptual analysis discusses the “time-binding” aspect of trust/confidence, and the significance of social control mechanisms related to “persons”, “roles”, “values” and “programs” for creating and sustaining trust/confidence. The case study focuses on the role of trust/confidence for the organization and professionalization of external auditing in Sweden, and in particular on the ways in which trust in auditors and auditing have been stabilized. The latter issue is dealt with through a discussion attempting to capture a historic displacement in three dimensions: from reliance on the auditor’spersonal reliability, to trust in the professional role; from trust in the individual discretion of certain persons to trust in the regulation of auditing as a standardized program; and finally, from trust in the values represented by individual auditors to trust in the institutionalized professional values.

Kritisk diskursanalys av Gy2011 med fokus på kulturkontexten : Politiska diskursers relation till svensk läroplansutveckling

This research aims to relate the modern Swedish curriculum development to the political discourses liberalization and European integration through a critical discourse analysis of the Swedish curriculum Gy2011. These political discourses constitute the cultural context of Gy2011, which according to critical discourse theory is synonymous with the terms social sphere or praxis. The term cultural context includes the environment in which the text has been created as well as its intertextuality – in this case its relations to earlier curricula. The analysis of Gy2011 exhumes scientific research done in the field of curriculum studies, which enables future research. The Gy2011 analysis shows that the political discourses liberalization and European integration stands out within the texts cultural context, and have done so for more than 70 years, a fact that is illustrated by an overview of Swedish curricula history. This research also illuminates how the liberalization discourse accelerated during the 1980’s, by both social democrats and the political right, and that the European integration process has gained momentum in recent years.