The Winter Jazz Concert, December 8, 1976

Concert program for The Winter Jazz Concert, December 8, 1976

Stalin and the Soviet Union : the USSR 1924-1953.

Los años 1924-1953 estuvieron dominados por la figura de Stalin, el culto a su figura y su lucha por el poder en el Partido Comunista. Se describen los planes quinquenales de desarrollo de la economía soviética, así como las purgas y los juicios de la década de 1930. Por último, se examina la manera en que la URSS reaccionó a la amenaza de los países capitalistas durante los años 1920 y 1930 y en la forma en que luchó por la supervivencia contra la Alemania nazi durante la segunda guerra mundial.Incluye fragmentos de fuentes históricas originales, así como, material de aprendizaje activo: ejercicios, preguntas, y pruebas.

Present-day and mid-Holocene biomes reconstructed from pollen and plant macrofossil data from the former Soviet Union and Mongolia

Fossil pollen data supplemented by tree macrofossil records were used to reconstruct the vegetation of the Former Soviet Union and Mongolia at 6000 years. Pollen spectra were assigned to biomes using the plant-functional-type method developed by Prentice et al. (1996). Surface pollen data and a modern vegetation map provided a test of the method. This is the first time such a broad-scale vegetation reconstruction for the greater part of northern Eurasia has been attempted with objective techniques. The new results confirm previous regional palaeoenvironmental studies of the mid-Holocene while providing a comprehensive synopsis and firmer conclusions. West of the Ural Mountains temperate deciduous forest extended both northward and southward from its modern range. The northern limits of cool mixed and cool conifer forests were also further north than present. Taiga was reduced in European Russia, but was extended into Yakutia where now there is cold deciduous forest. The northern limit of taiga was extended (as shown by increased Picea pollen percentages, and by tree macrofossil records north of the present-day forest limit) but tundra was still present in north-eastern Siberia. The boundary between forest and steppe in the continental interior did not shift substantially, and dry conditions similar to present existed in western Mongolia and north of the Aral Sea.