991 resultados para Second molar Permanent dentition
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Dados secundrios de uma amostra aleatria de pr-escolares brasileiros foram analisados com o objetivo de avaliar a prevalncia de desvios oclusais na dentio decdua, que podem adversamente afetar a dentio permanente, com base em critrios revisados. Overjet e overbite apresentaram pontos de corte descritos na literatura para a remoo dos casos de m ocluso leve. Overjet > 3mm e overbite > 3mm afetaram 16% e 7% das crianas, respectivamente. No plano sagital foram consideradas apenas as taxas de desvios bilaterais: relao molar em degrau distal (9,7%) e mesial (6,0%); relao dos caninos Classe 2 (11,0%) e Classe 3 (2,9%). Para os demais desvios no foram relatados na literatura critrios de severidade. Valores brutos de mordida aberta anterior (27,9%); mordida cruzada posterior (11,3%); apinhamento dentrio maxilar (7,0%) e mandibular (11,3%) foram registrados. A avaliao da m ocluso na dentio decdua deve considerar a severidade dos desvios para a identificao de casos e no-casos de relevncia em sade pblica. Enfatiza-se a necessidade de maior consenso e melhora na interpretao de dados epidemiolgicos sobre a m ocluso nesse estgio de desenvolvimento
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OBJETIVO: verificar o percentual de pacientes que necessitaram extrao de dentes permanentes, pr-molares, dentre aqueles tratados com extrao de dentes decduos para correo do apinhamento primrio na dentio mista, bem como analisar as possveis variveis relacionadas. MTODOS: a amostra foi composta por documentaes ortodnticas de 70 pacientes na dentio permanente, cujo tratamento iniciou-se na dentio mista com planejamento de um programa de extraes seriadas (PES). Todos os pronturios foram analisados por um nico examinador, no intuito de verificar se o PES havia sido cumprido com a extrao de dentes permanentes ou se havia sido realizada apenas extrao de dentes decduos. Verificou-se a associao entre a extrao de dentes permanentes e as variveis padro facial; relao sagital entre as arcadas dentrias; IMPA; proporo tamanho do segundo molar permanente inferior/espao retromolar; mecnica de controle de espao e discrepncia de modelo (teste exato de Fisher para as variveis categricas e modelo de regresso logstica para as variveis numricas). Os resultados foram considerados para p<0,05. RESULTADOS: dos pacientes que haviam sido tratados com extrao de dentes decduos para a correo do apinhamento na dentio mista, 70% necessitaram de extrao de dentes permanentes. A anlise estatstica no mostrou associao significativa entre as variveis estudadas e a necessidade de extrao de dentes permanentes, com exceo da varivel discrepncia de modelo. CONCLUSO: a discrepncia de modelo representou a principal determinante de extrao de pr-molares no PES.
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Enamel defects are common alterations that can occur in both the primary or permanent dentition. A range of etiological factors related to this pathology can be found in the literature. Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) is a kind of enamel defect alteration that requires complex treatment solutions, and for this reason, it is of great clinical interest for dental practice. This article describes the management of a clinical case of MIH in a 7-year-old child. The different treatment options depending on the extension of the defect, the degree of tooth eruption and the hygiene and diet habits of the patient are also discussed.
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Odontogenic anomalies can occur as a result of conjoining or twinning defects. These include fusion, gemination and concrescence. This article presents two case reports of double teeth. In the first case reported, a 4-year-old white boy presented primary double teeth associated to the absence of the right permanent mandibular lateral incisor. In the second case, a 5-year-old white girl had a family history of anomaly in primary dentition. The girl and her mother presented double teeth in the primary dentition. Her mother showed hypodontia in the permanent dentition. Extra and intra oral clinical examination was made in both cases. Radiographic analyses showed the involvement of the permanent tooth. Authors conclude that double teeth in primary dentition have to be carefully analysed as they may be associated with anomalies in the permanent dentition. Correct diagnosis of the condition implicates in a better prognosis for the patient.
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Objective. This cross-sectional study assessed the prevalence and severity of the enamel defects, known as Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) and its relationship to dental caries. Materials and methods. A sample of 1157 schoolchildren (population based), aged 6-12 years, of the Araraquara city-Brazil, was evaluated according to the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) criteria by two trained examiners. The dental impact caused by MIH was evaluated with the Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index (WHO). Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Chi-square tests (p < 0.05). The socioeconomic status was collected using a questionnaire answered by parents. Results. The prevalence of MIH was 12.3%. Mild impairment was the most frequent diagnosis. DMFT of children with MIH was 0.89 (1.18), which are higher than those of the unaffected group (0.43 1.01). An association was found between dental caries only in the permanent dentition of children with MIH (p = 0.0001). Family income was considered low in 85% of the families of children with MIH in the public system, while in private school it was 18% (p < 0.05). Conclusion. The prevalence of MIH in Araraquara was associated with greater caries experience in the permanent dentition. 2013 Informa Healthcare.
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O objetivo desse trabalho foi contribuir com o estudo anatmico, morfomtrico, ultraestrutural e propriedades fsicas dos dentes permanentes do primata Sapajus apella. Para tal, foram utilizados 10 animais adultos e machos. Os dentes foram avaliados quanto ao seu comprimento e quanto anatomia radicular externa e interna considerando nmero de razes e canais, forma e direo radicular e forma do canal, assim como anlise da densidade e dimetro tubular do canal radicular, composio e microdureza dentinria. A anatomia radicular desse primata apresentou especificidades, como o nmero de razes do segundo pr-molar superior e a presena do terceiro pr-molar. Quanto densidade e o dimetro dos tbulos dentinrios, observou-se uma diminuio do nmero e dimetro de tbulos ao longo do canal radicular, havendo diferena estatisticamente significante ao se comparar o tero apical com as regies cervical e mdia, padro de densidade e tamanho semelhantes a dentes humanos. Semelhanas tambm foram encontradas com dentes humanos quando comparados os valores de microdureza e proporo de elementos qumicos encontrados na dentina radicular.
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Dentoalveolar ankylosis is described as the direct union between root cementum/dentin and alveolar bone. Its etiology is unknown, and conflicting opinions have been presented to explain it. Late detection of ankylosed primary teeth may cause serious problems to the occlusion and generally demands a more complex treatment approach. The purpose of this report is to present an unusual case of severe infraocclusion of the primary maxillary right second molar associated with a posterior crossbite in a 6-year-old child. The initial treatment option was tooth extraction, but the tooth resumed eruption spontaneously. After correction of the posterior crossbite and a 1-year follow-up, the tooth remained in occlusion and the permanent successor was developing without problems. From this unusual outcome, it may be concluded that further investigation of this anomaly of eruption is needed. (J Dent Child 2013;80(2):88-91)
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Introductions: A supernumerary tooth is one that is additional to the normal series and can be found in almost any region of the dental arch. Its etiology is not fully understood. With regard to its prevalence, it occurs more commonly in permanent dentition and twice as often in men than in women. Supernumerary teeth are classified according to their morphology and location. Their presence can cause problems such as failure of eruption, displacement of teeth, crowding and odontogenic cysts and tumors. The diagnosis is usually by routine radiographs, for the majority of such teeth are impacted and asymptomatic. Objective and Case report: The purpose of this study was to make a brief review of the relevant literature and report one clinical case of the female patient, 23 years, melanoderma, featuring three quarters molars. Final considerations: The early diagnosis proved to be important for the resolution of the case in order to minimize or even prevent the development of complications and thus establish a proper plan of treatment.
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INTRODUCTION Our objective was to investigate potential associations between maxillary sinus floor extension and inclination of maxillary second premolars and second molars in patients with Class II Division 1 malocclusion whose orthodontic treatment included maxillary first molar extractions. METHODS The records of 37 patients (18boys, 19 girls; mean age, 13.2 years; SD, 1.62 years) treated between 1998 and 2004 by 1 orthodontist with full Begg appliances were used in this study. Inclusion criteria were white patients with Class II Division 1 malocclusion, sagittal overjet of 4 mm, treatment plan including extraction of the maxillary first permanent molars, no missing teeth, and no agenesis. Maxillary posterior tooth inclination and lower maxillary sinus area in relation to the palatal plane were measured on lateral cephalograms at 3 time points: at the start and end of treatment, and on average 2.5 years posttreatment. Data were analyzed for the second premolar and second molar inclinations by using mixed linear models. RESULTS The analysis showed that the second molar inclination angle decreased by 7 after orthodontic treatment, compared with pretreatment values, and by 11.5 at the latest follow-up, compared with pretreatment. There was evidence that maxillary sinus volume was negatively correlated with second molar inclination angle; the greater the volume, the smaller the inclination angle. For premolars, inclination increased by 15.4 after orthodontic treatment compared with pretreatment, and by 8.1 at the latest follow-up compared with baseline. The volume of the maxillary sinus was not associated with premolar inclination. CONCLUSIONS We found evidence of an association between maxillary second molar inclination and surface area of the lower sinus in patients treated with maxillary first molar extractions. Clinicians who undertake such an extraction scheme in Class II patients should be aware of this potential association andconsider appropriate biomechanics to control root uprighting.
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OBJECTIVE To assess the maxillary second molar (M2) and third molar (M3) inclination following orthodontic treatment of Class II subdivision malocclusion with unilateral maxillary first molar (M1) extraction. MATERIALS AND METHODS Panoramic radiographs of 21 Class II subdivision adolescents (eight boys, 13 girls; mean age, 12.8 years; standard deviation, 1.7 years) before treatment, after treatment with extraction of one maxillary first molar and Begg appliances and after at least 1.8 years in retention were retrospectively collected from a private practice. M2 and M3 inclination angles (M2/ITP, M2/IOP, M3/ITP, M3/IOP), constructed by intertuberosity (ITP) and interorbital planes (IOP), were calculated for the extracted and nonextracted segments. Random effects regression analysis was performed to evaluate the effect on the molar angulation of extraction, time, and gender after adjusting for baseline measurements. RESULTS Time and extraction status were significant predictors for M2 angulation. M2/ITP and M2/IOP decreased by 4.04 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -6.93, 1.16; P = .001) and 3.67 (95% CI: -6.76, -0.58; P = .020) in the extraction group compared to the nonextraction group after adjusting for time and gender. The adjusted analysis showed that extraction was the only predictor for M3 angulation that reached statistical significance. M3 mesial inclination increased by 7.38 (95% CI: -11.2, -3.54; P < .001) and 7.33 (95% CI: -11.48, -3.19; P = .001). CONCLUSIONS M2 and M3 uprighting significantly improved in the extraction side after orthodontic treatment with unilateral maxillary M1 extraction. There was a significant increase in mesial tipping of maxillary second molar crowns over time.
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O presente estudo avaliou as dimenses transversais dos arcos dentais mandibulares em indivduos com diferentes padres faciais. A amostra foi constituda por telerradiografias em norma lateral direita e modelos em gesso de 33 indivduos, leucodermas, em ambos os sexos, com idade entre 13 e 25 anos, na fase de dentio permanente. O Padro Facial foi obtido pela anlise facial subjetiva em fotografias frontal e de perfil de 1500 documentaes ortodonticas, foi utilizada anlise cefalomtrica por meio do ngulo ANB para confirmar o padro esqueltico, o qual deveria coincidir com a classificao de malocluso de Angle. A amostra foi dividida em trs grupos: Grupo I Padro I, Classe I de Angle e ANB 2,0 o 0,5o; Grupo II Padro II, Classe II diviso 1 de Angle e ANB ≥ 4,0, e Grupo III Padro III, Classe III de Angle e ANB ≥ - 4,5o. As dimenses transversais do arco foram mensuradas aps a digitalizao dos modelos em gesso pelo Scanner Dental Wings (3D), a partir dos quais foram estabelecidas as distncias transversais intercanino, inter 1 PM, inter 2 PM, inter 1 M (cspide mesial e distal), inter 2 M (cspide mesial e distal), com o auxlio do software Geomagic Studio 12. As mdias e desvio padro das dimenses transversais foram obtidas, e, para comparao entre os trs grupos foi utilizado a Anlise de Varincia e teste de Tukey. Em todos os testes estatsticos foi adotado nvel de significncia de 5% (p<0,05). Houve diferena estatstica em duas dimenses transversais das 14 avaliadas no arco maxilar na regio mesial do segundo molar (p=0,024) e no mandibular na regio distal do primeiro molar (p=0,047). Os arcos dentais mandibulares foram semelhantes nos trs grupos estudados.
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Root canal treatment is a frequently performed dental procedure and is carried out on teeth in which irreversible pulpitis has led to necrosis of the dental pulp. Removal of the necrotic tissue remnants and cleaning and shaping of the root canal are important phases of root canal treatment. Treatment options include the use of hand and rotary instruments and methods using ultrasonic or sonic equipment. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this systematic review of randomized controlled trials were to determine the relative clinical effectiveness of hand instrumentation versus ultrasonic instrumentation alone or in conjunction with hand instrumentation for orthograde root canal treatment of permanent teeth. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The search strategy retrieved 226 references from the Cochrane Oral Health Group Trials Register (7), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (12), MEDLINE (192), EMBASE (8) and LILACS (7). No language restriction was applied. The last electronic search was conducted on December 13th, 2007. Screening of eligible studies was conducted in duplicate and independently. RESULTS: Results were to be expressed as fixed-effect or random-effects models using mean differences for continuous outcomes and risk ratios for dichotomous outcomes with 95% confdence intervals. Heterogeneity was to be investigated including both clinical and methodological factors. No eligible randomized controlled trials were identifed. CONCLUSIONS: This review illustrates the current lack of published or ongoing randomized controlled trials and the unavailability of high-level evidence based on clinically relevant outcomes referring to the effectiveness of ultrasonic instrumentation used alone or as an adjunct to hand instrumentation for orthograde root canal treatment. In the absence of reliable research-based evidence, clinicians should base their decisions on clinical experience, individual circumstances and in conjunction with patients' preferences where appropriate. Future randomized controlled trials might focus more closely on evaluating the effectiveness of combinations of these interventions with an emphasis on not only clinically relevant, but also patient-centered outcomes.
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OBJETIVO: identificar alteraes dimensionais nos arcos dentrios superior e inferior na m ocluso Classe II, diviso 1, com deficincia mandibular (Padro esqueltico II). MTODOS: 48 pacientes com m ocluso Classe II, igualmente divididos quanto ao gnero, foram comparados com 51 indivduos com ocluso normal, sendo 22 do gnero masculino e 29 do gnero feminino. Todos os 99 indivduos estavam no estgio de dentadura permanente, com os segundos molares permanentes irrompidos ou em irrupo, com idade mdia de 12 anos e 5 meses (desvio-padro de 1 ano e 3 meses), numa faixa etria oscilando entre 11 anos e 4 meses e 20 anos. CONCLUSO: os resultados permitem concluir que, na m ocluso Classe II, diviso 1 com deficincia mandibular, o arco dentrio superior encontra-se alterado, mostrando-se atrsico e mais longo, enquanto o arco dentrio inferior pouco influenciado pela discrepncia sagital de Classe II.
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Introduction: The aims of this study were to evaluate the distances between the mandibular permanent teeth and the alveolar process in Brazilians with normal occlusion and to compare them with normal American values. Methods: We used 59 mandibular casts from untreated subjects who had permanent dentition and the 6 keys to normal occlusion. A computer program was used to calculate the distances between the dental reference points and the alveolar process for each tooth. The mean values were then compared to the normal values by applying the Student t test at a significance level of 0.05. Results: The results showed a progressive increase of these distances from the anterior region (incisors) to the posterior region (molars), from 0.00 to 2.49 mm. All measurements had statistically significant differences from the American sample, except for the values for canines and first premolars. Conclusions: Brazilians with normal occlusion have more lingual crown positions for the incisors, second premolars, and molars compared with Americans with normal occlusion. Although these findings were statistically significant, they are unlikely to be clinically significant. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2010; 137: 308.e1-308.e4)
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The aim of this study was to analyze if the presence of impacted third molars, and their positions in the mandibular angle, can change the bone quality in this area, considering the measure of the cortical thickness in this region as representative or not for mandible fracture risk. Software was used to analyze 50 digital images from panoramic radiographs of patients who had one or two impacted third molars in the mandible, and 30 digital images of patients with agenesis of the mandibular third molar. The thickness of the cortical region of the mandible was measured; it was possible to draw a parallel line to the posterior portion of the mandible and a parallel line to the body of this bone on each side of the image. At the intersection of these lines near the distal portion of the second molar, another line was set up to serve as reference in the cortical thickness measurement. It could be concluded that the cortical thickness of the mandibular angle in male patients without impacted third molars was greater than the thickness in patients with these teeth, and no difference in thickness was found for the female group.
