Notas sobre os cromossomios dos proscopiidios

Cephalocoema borellii (Giglio-Tos) has 19 chromosomes, that is 9 pairs of autosomes and a single heterochromosome, the latter having been observed either in succession or in synchronism as was the case of the two other species studied by Prof. PIZA, namely Cephalocoema zilkari Piza and Tetanorhynchus mendesi Piza. (= Cephalocoema sica Serv.).

Earthworms from Mato Grosso, Brazil, and new records of species from the state

The objective of this work was to undertake a qualitative assessment of earthworm diversity in areas under human influence, in a region of Cerrado-Pantanal-Amazon rainforest transition, in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The earthworms were collected in the municipalities of Barra do Bugres and Arenápolis, and were studied together with species previously identified from other municipalities. Seventeen municipalities, at 29 sampling points of Mato Grosso State, have been sampled. Seven species of earthworms were collected and identified in Barra do Bugres: Goiascolex vanzolinii, Pontoscolex (Pontoscolex) corethrurus, Opisthodrillus borellii borellii, Opisthodrillus sp., Dichogaster (Diplothecodrilus) gracilis, Dichogaster sp. and a species of the Criodrilidae family. Four species of earthworms were identified in Arenápolis: Pontoscolex (Pontoscolex) corethrurus, Dichogaster (Diplothecodrilus) gracilis, Dichogaster (Diplothecodrilus) affinis and Dichogaster sp. In total, 32 earthworm species/subspecies are known from Mato Grosso, 22 native and 10 exotic.

ESTABILIDADE QUÍMICA E MICROBIOLÓGICA DE "MINCED FISH" DE PEIXES AMAZÔNICOS DURANTE O CONGELAMENTO

Foi estudada a estabilidade química e microbiológica de "minced fish" produzidos, em condições industriais, com espécies de peixes da Amazônia: aracú-comum (Schizodon fasciatus), branquinha-comum (Potamorhina latior), branquinha-de-cabeça-lisa (P. altamazonica), curimatã (Prochilodus nigricans), jaraqui-de-escama-fina (Semaprochilodus taeniurus), jaraqui-de-escama-grossa (S. insignis), mapará (Hypophthalmus edentatus), pacú-comum (Metynnis hypsauchen), pacú-manteiga (Mylossoma duriventre) e pirapitinga (Piaractus brachypomum), durante 150 dias sob congelamento a -18±1°C e -36±1°C. Com base no pH, nitrogênio das bases voláteis totais (N-BVT), substâncias reagentes ao ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS) e contagens de aeróbios mesófilos a 35°C e psicrotróficos a 7°C, e de coliformes totais e fecais (NMP), os "minced fish" obtidos a partir das espécies de peixes estudadas e de misturas de espécies (aracú+curimatã+pirapitinga; jaraqui+branquinha) mantiveram-se em condições de consumo, durante o período experimental. Os resultados obtidos são altamente promissores sob o ponto de vista tecnológico.

Rediscovery and redescription of the type of Philodryas laticeps Werner, 1900 and the taxonomic status of P. oligolepis Gomes, 1921 (Serpentes, Colubridae)

Philodryas laticeps Werner, 1900 was previously known only from the holotype, which was believed to be lost during the World Wars. We found the holotype to be housed in the Museum fur Naturkunde, Berlin and here redescribe it and report on three additional specimens from the collections of the Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo and Museum fur Naturkunde, Berlin. We conclude that Philodryas oligolepis Gomes, 1921 and P. affinis Muller, 1928 are junior synonyms of Philodryas laticeps Werner, 1900. All specimens share the presence of a black mucosa surrounding the larynx and trachea in the floor of the mouth and distal rows of middle sized spines disposed in a typical ""V-shaped"" configuration on the asulcate surface of the hemipenial body, two uniquely derived features absent in all other species of the genus Philodryas. Intraspecific variation of external morphology, hemipenes, and coloration are documented.

Estudo dos restos de peixes dos sítios arqueológicos da área de influência da usina hidrelétrica Machadinho, RS, Brasil

Durante o resgate do material arqueológico dos sítios da região de Piratuba, SC, e de Aratiba, Machadinho e Maximiliano de Almeida, RS, área de influência da Usina Hidroelétrica de Machadinho, foram observadas grandes quantidades de ossos e escamas de peixes incorporando os restos alimentares encontrados nestes locais. Utilizando uma coleção osteológica de referência pudemos identificar restos de Salminus maxillosus Valenciennes, 1850, Brycon orbignyanus (Valenciennes, 1849), Pogonopoma obscurum Quevedo & Reis, 2002, Hemiancistrus fuliginosus Cardoso & Malabarba, 1999, Prochilodus lineatus (Valenciennes, 1836), Schizodon sp., Leporinus sp., Hoplias sp., Hypostomus sp. e Crenicichla sp. Com base em medições realizadas em exemplares de coleções, foram obtidas regressões a partir das dimensões do osso pré-maxilar em Crenicichla spp. e do esporão peitoral em Hemiancistrus fuliginosus, Pogonopoma obscurum e Hypostomus spp. correlacionadas com o comprimento padrão e peso dos espécimes. A partir das estimativas de comprimento padrão e peso das peças ósseas encontradas foi possível formular hipóteses sobre a tecnologia de pesca utilizada pelos habitantes destes sítios.

Cladistic analysis of Abracrini genera (Orthoptera, Acrididae, Ommatolampinae)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Diet and feeding of fish from Grande River, located below the Volta Grande Reservoir, MG-SP

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A phylogenetic analysis of Pleurodema (Anura: Leptodactylidae: Leiuperinae) based on mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequences, with comments on the evolution of anuran foam nests

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Alimentação de peixes: proposta para análise de itens registrados em conteúdos gástricos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

HETEROCHROMATIN AND KARYOTYPE REORGANIZATION IN FISH OF THE FAMILY ANOSTOMIDAE (CHARACIFORMES)

Mitotic chromosomes of four fish species of the family Anostomidae, belonging to the genera Leporinus, Leporellus, and Schizodon, were studied. With 2n = 54 meta- and submetacentric chromosomes, this family appears to be characterized by marked karyotypic stability. Although perceptible differences exist, mainly in the amount of constitutive heterochromatin present in the chromosomes of these species, these differences do not affect the structure and/or size of these chromosomes. Chromatin substitutions and/or modifications may have led, in one direction, to an increase in heterochromatin in some species and, in the opposite direction, to heterochromatin reduction in others. Whether these changes are accompanied by changes in the amount of euchromatin in the chromosomes is an open question. The nucleolar organizer regions, which may be located on different chromosomes in the various species, may also be indicators of reorganization of these karyotypes.

Organization of 5S rDNA in species of the fish Leporinus: two different genomic locations are characterized by distinct nontranscribed spacers

To address understanding the organization of the 5S rRNA multigene family in the fish genome, the nucleotide sequence and organization array of 5S rDNA were investigated in the genus Leporinus, a representative freshwater fish group of South American fauna. PCR, subgenomic library screening, genomic blotting, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and DNA sequencing were employed in this study. Two arrays of 5S rDNA were identified for all species investigated, one consisting of monomeric repeat units of around 200 bp and another one with monomers of 900 bp. These 5S rDNA arrays were characterized by distinct NTS sequences (designated NTS-I and NTS-II for the 200- and 900-bp monomers, respectively); however, their coding sequences were nearly identical. The 5S rRNA genes were clustered in two chromosome loci, a major one corresponding to the NTS-I sites and a minor one corresponding to the NTS-II sites. The NTS-I sequence was variable among Leporinus spp., whereas the NTS-II was conserved among them and even in the related genus Schizodon. The distinct 5S rDNA arrays might characterize two 5S rRNA gene subfamilies that have been evolving independently in the genome.

Infection by Austrodiplostomum compactum metacercariae in fish from the Nova Avanhandava reservoir, Tiete river, São Paulo State, Brazil.

This study aimed to evaluate the infection by the Austrodiplostomum compactum metacercariae in fishes from the Nova Avanhandava Reservoir, low Tiete river, São Paulo State, Brazil. The parasites were collected from eye (aqueous and vitreous humor), fixed in AFA solution and stained with carmine. The morphometric analysis was performed using a computerized system for analysis of images QWin Lite 2.5 (Leica). Prevalence, mean intensity of infection and abundance of infected fish were calculated. of the 22 species of fish registered, five were infected by metacercariae: Hoplias malabaricus, Metynnis maculatus, Plagioscion squamosissimus, Satanoperca pappaterra and Schizodon imparts. of the 627 fish evaluated, 34% were infected. A higher prevalence was observed in P. sqnamosissionis and S. pappaterra. Schizodon nasutus and M. maculatus are new hosts reported for A. compactum metacercariae.

The fish fauna in tropical rivers: The case of the Sorocaba river basin, São Paulo, Brazil

A survey was carried out on the fish species in the Sorocaba River basin, the main tributary of the left margin of the Tietê River, located in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. The species were collected with gill nets. After identification of the specimens, their relative abundance, weight and standard length were determined. Up to the present moment there are not any studies that focus this subject in this hydrographic basin. Fifty-three species, distributed in eighteen families and six orders were collected. Characiformes were represented by twenty-eight species, Siluriformes by seventeen species, the Gymnotiformes by three species, Perciformes and Cyprinodontiformes by two species, and the Synbranchiformes by one species. Among the collected species there were two exotic. The most abundant species were Astyanax fasciatus and Hypostomus ancistroides. In relation to total weight the most representative species were Hoplias malabaricus and Hypostomus ancistroides. Cyprinus carpio, Prochilodus lineatus, Schizodon nasutus and Hoplias malabaricus were the most representative species in relation to average weight. Largest standard length were recorded for Sternopygus macrurus, Steindachnerina insculpta, Eigenmannia off. virescens and Cyprinus carpio.

Relações entre acúmulo de metais em tecido muscular de peixes com diferentes hábitos alimentares coletados na Bacia Hidrográfica do Turvo/Grande

Pós-graduação em Química - IBILCE

Partilha de recursos alimentares nas assembléias de peixes do reservatório de Salto Grande (médio rio Paranapanema SP/PR, Brasil)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)