Identificação de Meloidogyne spp. em áreas de aceroleira no Submédio do Vale do São Francisco.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar as espécies de Meloidogyne em áreas de aceroleiras no polo de irrigação Petrolina-Juazeiro.

Ocorrência de Meloidogyne enterolobii em batata Yacon no Submédio do Vale do São Francisco.

A batata yacon vem despertando interesse, principalmente, por suas propriedades medicinais, sendo utilizada como auxiliar no tratamento contra diabetes e colesterol. Por isso, no decorrer nos anos, vem aumentando cada vez mais sua área de cultivo.

Viabilidade econômico-financeira para a implantação do cultivo de maçã no Vale do São Francisco.

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a viabilidade econômica do cultivo de maçã, realizado no Vale do São Francisco, utilizando-se indicadores de exequibilidade de projetos, o valor presente líquido (VPL) e a taxa interna de retorno (TIR), referente à produção do ano 2015. Os resultados confirmam a factibilidade da produção de maçã,onde a TIR (52,24%) supera a taxa mínima de atratividade (TMA) (35%), condição necessária para o projeto tornar-se viável.

Avaliação de atributos químicos em solos cultivado com uva no Vale do São Francisco.

Este trabalho foi desenvolvido com objetivo de analisar as alterações químicas de dois solos (Luvissolo Hipocrômico Órtico - L1 e um Argissolo Amarelo Eutrófico - L2) cultivados com uva visando a produção de vinho.As análises químicas constituíram-se de determinações dos teores de carbono orgânico, nitrogênio total, potássio, cálcio, magnésio e fósforo disponíveis, alumínio trocável e pH. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizado, com dois tratamentos, lote (L1) e (L2) foram coletadas amostras de solo nas profundidades de 0-10 e 10-20 e 20-40 cm, com seis repetições. Os resultados da análise química das amostras de solo coletadas nos dois ambientes considerados evidenciam as alterações químicas proporcionadas pelo intenso uso de fertilizantes e corretivos empregado na condução das videiras durante os treze anos de uso do Lote 1.O desempenho produtivo das videira do lote (L1) pode ter sido afetado pela alta CE média igual a 2,30 dS.m-1 enquanto o lote (L2) apresentou uma menor CE igual a 0,45 dS.m-1 . O decréscimo de produtividade do vinhedo (L1), parece estar sendo proporcionado por desequilíbrios entre os teores dos cátions, excesso de fósforo e alta condutividade elétrica proporcionada pelo uso excessivo de fertilizantes e corretivos.Em ambos os lotes (L1 e L2) é preciso um manejo adequado do uso de fertilizantes.

Viabilidade econômico financeira para implantação do cultivo de maçã no Vale do São Francisco.

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a viabilidade econômica do cultivo de maçã, realizado no Vale do São Francisco, utilizando indicadores de viabilidade de projetos, o Valor Presente Líquido e a Taxa Interna de Retorno, referente a produção do ano 2015. Os resultados confirmam a viabilidade da produção de maçã, onde a Taxa Interna de Retorno (52,65%) supera a Taxa Mínima de Atratividade (35%), condição necessária para o projeto tornar-se viável.

Gestão ambiental em grandes obras hídricas: Projeto Sobradinho integrante do Plano Global de Desenvolvimento do Vale do Rio São Francisco (Brasil)

Incluye Bibliografía

Capital Social e Desenvolvimento Rural: acesso, uso e gestão da água nos Territórios Rurais do Sertão do São Francisco

This study aimed to contribute to the discussion of social capital, seeking to relate that to the access, use and water resources management in the Sao Francisco Vale, specifically in rural areas of the wilderness of San Francisco situated in the State of Bahia and Pernambuco. As, stimulate action possibilities for individuals (family rural) apart by a patrimony public so precious that is water. Besides a theoretical discussion of social capital (networks, trust, participation) and rural development. We applied 387 questionnaires to farmers and some interviews with actors social of territorial forum and committee of the São Francisco basin where it was possible to correlate our variables in order to confirm our hypothesis: social capital is a key element to ensure access, use and management of water for rural families living in irrigated and rainfed areas

Composição florística de angiospermas no carste do Alto São Francisco, Minas Gerais, Brasil

The occurence of carbonatic rocks defines a typical type of relief, called karst, that, by its geomorphology and hydrology, usually differs from the surrounding landscape. In the upper São Francisco river basin, some striking remnants of vegetation associated to karst can be found, which are locally knwon as Mata de Pains. In this region, a mosaic of different physiognomies, including forests and open areas, which present noteworthy plant diversity, composes the vegetation. The aim of this study is to provide an inventory of angiosperm species in areas of carbonatic rocks outcrops in the upper São Francisco river basin karst region, as well as analyze the floristic relationship of the study area with different Brazilian phytogeographic domains. Fieldwork was performed during the period of 2002 a 2006, when collections of fertile speciemns were done in areas associated to carbonatic rock outcrops. During the study, 1512 exsicates were incorporated to BHCB herbarium collection. A total of 456 angiosperm species were inventoried, distributed in 299 genera and 77 families. Herbaceous habit was better represented, with 161 species, followed by shrubs and trees (111 species each) and lianas (73 species). The flora of the study area presents more influence of the Mata Atlântica domain (Atlantic Rain Forest), followed by, in order of importance, Cerrado, Amazonia, Caatinga, Pantanal and Pampa. Floristic surveys in different karst regions inserted in different phytogeographic domains may, together, provide useful information in understanding the phytogeografic history of Neotropical vegetation.

Planting times and spacing of carrot crops in the São Francisco Valley, Pernambuco state, Brazil.

Climate variations over the year and plant density tend to strongly affect the agronomic performance of carrot crops. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of the cultivar Brasilia in crops under mild (winter) and high (summer) temperatures. An experiment was conducted from May 2011 to February 2012, using a randomized block design and treatments arranged in split plot, with three replications. The plots consisted of planting seasons (winter and summer) and the subplots of plant spacing (4, 6, 8 and 10 cm). The height of plants presented a linear decrease, from 53.4 to 51.0 cm, with an increase in spacing in summer planting, while in winter the greatest height (50.7 cm) was obtained with spacing of 8.0 cm between plants. The lowest commercial yields were found in summer crops and with the widest spacing between plants. The smallest spacing between plants (4 cm) had yields of 45.9 Mg ha -1in summer and of 63.1 Mg ha-1 in winter crops. The winter planting had higher fresh root weight (89.9 g root - 1 ) compared to the summer (81.4 g root - 1 ), reaching higher weight with increasing plant spacing. Higher yields are achieved with plant spacing of 4 cm during winter. The carrot can be grown throughout the year in the Submiddle of the São Francisco Valley.

Soil management systems for sustainable melon cropping in the Submedian of the São Francisco Valley.

Changes in soils management systems, including the application of green manure, are able to increase crop productivity. The aim of this study was to propose a soil management system with the use of green manure to improve the nutritional status and melon productivity in the submedian of the São Francisco Valley. The experiment was installed in Typic Plinthustalf and conducted in split plot. There were two soil tillage systems, tillage (T) and no tillage (NT), and three types of green manure (two vegetal cocktails: VC1- 75% legumes (L) + 25% non-legumes (NL); VC2- 25% L+ 75% NL and spontaneous vegetation (SV)). The experimental design was a randomised block with four replications. Fourteen species of legumes, grasses and oilseeds were used for the composition of the plant cocktails. We evaluated production of the dry shoot and root biomass and carbon and nutrient accumulation by green manures and melon plant. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and the treatment means were compared by Tukey´s test (P<0.05). Shoot biomass production and carbon and nutrient accumulation were higher in plant mixtures compared to spontaneous vegetation. The root system of the plant cocktails added larger quantities of biomass and nutrients to the soil to a depth of 0.60 m when compared to the spontaneous vegetation. The cultivation of plant cocktails with soil tillage, regardless of their composition, is a viable alternative for adding biomass and nutrients to the soil in melon crops in semi-arid conditions, providing productivity increases.

Mini tomato cultivars for the Sub-Mid São Francisco Valley, Brazil.

In this context, the objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of mini tomato cultivars of determinate growth habit, in two crop seasons in the conditions of the Sub-Mid São Francisco Valley, Brazil.

Exportação como canal para aumento da competitividade da manga brasileira : um estudo exploratório

O estudo faz uma abordagem do mercado da manga, e como a exportação pode ser usada como um canal para incrementar a sua competitividade neste mercado. O estudo tem foco principalmente na região do Vale do São Francisco pela importância da região no cultivo e exportação da manga Esclarece como a exportação pode auxiliar na estruturação do setor, identificando os principais aspectos referentes ao marketing de exportação e as principais variáveis que afetam a competitividade da exportação de mangas no Brasil

O sindicato como espaço de construção da Profissão Docente

This work examines the connection Syndicate/teachers profession trying to unveil the important role taken over by the Syndical movement in the process of professionalization of the militant teachers. For that, it describes and analyses the historical course of three Syndicates representatives of the teachers category Associação dos Professores Licenciados da Bahia APLB; Sindicato dos Trabalhadores em Educação de Pernambuco SINTEPE; Sindicato dos Servidores Municipais de Petrolina SINDSEMP acting in the micro-region of the San Francisco Valley, especially, in the municipalities of Juazeiro Bahia , and of Petrolina Pernambuco. It concentrates its interests on the contribution of the Syndicates for the professional development of these teachers in this region analysing the aspects related to emerging conflicts into the Syndical organization, to the attitude of these entities before the educational reality to their reinvindicative struggles to the formative dimension of the group actions. This study tries to answer the following questions: How has this syndical movement of teachers of state school of S. Francisco Valley been characterized? How do their actions reflect in the formation and professionalization of the teachers? Do teachers recognize the syndicate as a constructive space for the teaching profession? The methodological trajectory was directed through a qualitative approach of an etnomethodological character, using instruments for the understanding of this reality, The treatment of the data was based on the interpretative analysis of the speeches present in documents and through answers of the interviwees, having as a reference in this analysis the theoretical studies about syndicalism and the teacher professionalization. For a conceptual construction of this work it was studied these two categories from their genesis, from the social historical evolution of their concepts and the up to date discussions that give explanations about the teachers syndical movement and about the process of teachers professionalization. As thesis of this study it was defended the idea of that the teachers syndicates have contributed expressively in the process of the construction of the teacher profession of the militant teachers of this in the micro-region of the S. Francisco Valley. Once the teachers participate actively in this movement promoted by the syndical entities, the teachers develop the critical sense of the educational realty; improve their formation and reinvindicate from the State this condition as a Right; fight for better conditions in the work; reinvindicate the salary valuation and, try to construct an image of teacher basing on a professional model. The contribution of the Syndicate in the process of teachers profissionalization, is more evident in its external dimension that chacterizes the profissionalism, on the related aspects: to the forms of participation in the definition and the management of the educational politics; to the political struggles for the achievements of the professional status, to the recognition and of his eventual valuation. The syndical actions have repercussions with less intensity in the inside dimension that defines the profissionality, in the related aspects: to the administratation of the pedagogical processes in schools and in the classroom; to the acquisition of branches of knowledges; to the epistemological criticism of the acquirements mobilized in the teaching; the curricular question to the mediation that make possible the learning at school and in the classroom

Giberelina, citocinina e auxina na qualidade química de bagas de uva superior seedless

Trials were carried out in Juazeiro, Bahia State, Brazil, aiming to test plant regulators composed by gibberellin, cytokine and auxin effects on chemical quality of Superior Seedless grape berries. The first trial studied the effects of Stimulate (R) (bio regulator) and X-Cyte (R) (cytokine) associated to a new gibberellin formulation (N-Large (R)) and associated to Pro-Gibb (R), which is a product used as source of gibberellin. Products were sprayed at berries development phase (18, 21, 51 and 56 days after spur-pruning). Treatments were: T1: Pro-Gibb (R); T2: Stimulate (R) (Dose 1); T3: Stimulate (R) (Dose 2); T4: Stimulate (R) (Dose 3); T5: Pro-Gibb (R) + X-Cyte (R) (Low Dose - DB); T6: Pro-Gibb (R) + X-Cyte (R) (Intermediate Dose - DM); T7: Pro-Gibb (R) + X-Cyte (R) (High Dose - DA); T8: N-Large (R); T9: N-Large (R) + X-Cyte (R) (DB); T10: N-Large (R) + X-Cyte (R) (DM); T11: N-Large (R) + X-Cyte (R) (DA). The second trial aimed to assess the effect of the new gibberellin formulation (N-Large (R)) associated or not with cytokine (X-Cyte (R)) also sprayed straight over the bunches at berries development phase (17, 55 e 66 days after spur-pruning). Treatments were: T1: Pro-Gibb (R) - blank; T2: N-Large (R) (DB); T3: N-Large (R) (DM); T4: N-Large (R) (DA); T5: N-Large (R) (DB) + X-Cyte (R) (DB); T6: N-Large (R) (DB) + X-Cyte (R) (DM); T7: N-Large (R) (DB) + X-Cyte (R) (DA); T8: N-Large (R) (DM) + X-Cyte (R) (DB); T9: N-Large (R) (DM) + X-Cyte (R) (DM); T10: N-Large (R) (DM) + X-Cyte (R) (DA); T11: N-Large (R) (DA) + X-Cyte (R) (DB); T12: N-Large (R) (DA) + X-Cyte (R) (DM); T13: N-Large (R) (DA) + X-Cyte (R) (DA). Experimental design was random blocks with four repetitions with each repetition/parcel having three useful plants in the same row. At harvest, when bunches average had soluble solids over 15 degrees Brix, berries were collected for soluble solids, pH, titratable acidity analysis as well as (SS/AT) ratio calculation. In both trials, plant regulators evaluated did not provide significant changes on chemical quality of 'Superior Seedless' grape berries. Therefore, the lack of differences on response between the commercially used product (Pro-Gibb (R)) and the other products tested (Stimulate (R), X-Cyte (R) e N-Large (R)) prove the last as promising for the ` Superior Seedless' grape cultivation, leaving a larger range of alternative for grape farmers in the Sao Francisco Valley, Bahia.

Desenvolvimento dos ácidos orgânicos em diferentes fases fenológicas de uvas viníferas destinadas à elaboração de vinhos tintos tropicais no Brasil.

A Região do Vale do São Francisco possui condições privilegiadas para o cultivo das videiras, tais como baixa precipitação pluviométrica e disponibilidade de água para irrigação que possibilitam um estresse hídrico e ciclo vegetativo da videira controlados pelo viticultor, permitindo a produção escalonada durante a maior parte do ano (LIMA, 2010) As uvas viníferas contêm na casca, polpa e sementes, uma grande quantidade de diferentes compostos considerados essenciais à qualidade e tipicidade dos vinhos. Se destacam: os açúcares, transformados em álcool durante a sua elaboração; os compostos nitrogenados utilizados pelas leveduras como fonte de energia para a transformação dos açúcares em álcool; os precursores de aromas revelados pelas enzimas das leveduras na vinificação; os ácidos orgânicos com importante papel na conservação e equilíbrio e os compostos fenólicos responsáveis pela coloração e estrutura de vinhos tintos (SILVA NETO et al., 2009). De acordo com Mandelli et al. (2003) a qualidade do vinho encontra-se diretamente relacionada à composição química e ao ponto ideal de colheita da uva, evento que envolve maturações fisiológica, tecnológica e fenólica. Embora as condições edafoclimáticas, os tratos culturais e manejo dos vinhedos tenham fundamental importância sobre os estádios de desenvolvimento das bagas, as pesquisas sobre o tema, nas condições climáticas desta Região são ainda incipientes. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a evolução dos ácidos orgânicos de variedades de uvas viníferas tintas destinadas a produção de vinhos finos no Vale do São Francisco (VSF).