999 resultados para Quinolonas: Aplicações biomédicas
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This study aims to evaluate the corrosion resistance of Ti-30Ta alloy when subjected to different strain rates. Samples of the alloy Ti-30Ta were obtained from the melting of pure elements in the arc furnace in inert atmosphere (argon gas). Then, the samples were subjected to a thermal treatment and to cold worked to obtain bars. After forging, the samples were machined in accordance with ASTME9-09 standard for carried out compression tests. To microstructural characterization, samples were sectioned longitudinal and transversally and embedded in resin. After, the wet sanding and polishing were performed, followed by a chemical attack, in order to study the microstructure under an optical microscope. Microhardness was measured on the samples that were subjected to microstructural characterization by using microhardness tester. Phases were evaluated by x-rays diffraction. Corrosion tests were carried out to evaluate the influence of deformation on the corrosion resistance. Results show that microstructure was not influenced by deformation
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With advances in health care, has been na increase of demand for material that could replace the functions of the human body parts, thus evolved biomedic prosthesis which today are responsible for the constant improvement of the quality of life. The Titanium alloys are widely used as implants due to its properties, like high mechanical resistance, biocompatibility and corrosion resistance, and the addition alloying elements like Zirconium, may improve some of those properties. Such properties are related to the microstructure and consequently to the type of processing performed. The purpose of this dissertation was to characterize the experimental alloy Ti15Zr after route of processsing and heat treatment in order to extend the knowledge about this alloy. The latter has been abtained by fusion of pure metals in a arc melting furnace with an inert argon atmosphere. The material has been homogenized in a tube furnace at 950ºC for 24h and cold worked by swaging, after that, bars with 10 mm of diameter were obtained by the process of rotary forging. The samples were solubilized at 900º C for 2 hours and quenched in water. After that, 4 samples were submitted to the aging, at 400º C, 450º C, 500º C and 550º C. The microstructure and phase analysis was done by optical microscopy and X-rays diffraction (XRD), the mechanical characterization was carried out by microhardness test and finally, evaluation of corrosion resistance of the alloy by electrochemical tests. The XRD and the optical microscopy made it possible to analyze that the heat treatment influenced the phase shifting from α to α', and probably affected the alloy hardness, at the first aged sample at 500º Chas been a sudden increase in the value of hardness, probably by appearance of omega phase, unwanted phase to the medical application duo to great fragility, and finally ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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This study aims to evaluate the corrosion resistance of Ti-30Ta alloy when subjected to different strain rates. Samples of the alloy Ti-30Ta were obtained from the melting of pure elements in the arc furnace in inert atmosphere (argon gas). Then, the samples were subjected to a thermal treatment and to cold worked to obtain bars. After forging, the samples were machined in accordance with ASTME9-09 standard for carried out compression tests. To microstructural characterization, samples were sectioned longitudinal and transversally and embedded in resin. After, the wet sanding and polishing were performed, followed by a chemical attack, in order to study the microstructure under an optical microscope. Microhardness was measured on the samples that were subjected to microstructural characterization by using microhardness tester. Phases were evaluated by x-rays diffraction. Corrosion tests were carried out to evaluate the influence of deformation on the corrosion resistance. Results show that microstructure was not influenced by deformation
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With advances in health care, has been na increase of demand for material that could replace the functions of the human body parts, thus evolved biomedic prosthesis which today are responsible for the constant improvement of the quality of life. The Titanium alloys are widely used as implants due to its properties, like high mechanical resistance, biocompatibility and corrosion resistance, and the addition alloying elements like Zirconium, may improve some of those properties. Such properties are related to the microstructure and consequently to the type of processing performed. The purpose of this dissertation was to characterize the experimental alloy Ti15Zr after route of processsing and heat treatment in order to extend the knowledge about this alloy. The latter has been abtained by fusion of pure metals in a arc melting furnace with an inert argon atmosphere. The material has been homogenized in a tube furnace at 950ºC for 24h and cold worked by swaging, after that, bars with 10 mm of diameter were obtained by the process of rotary forging. The samples were solubilized at 900º C for 2 hours and quenched in water. After that, 4 samples were submitted to the aging, at 400º C, 450º C, 500º C and 550º C. The microstructure and phase analysis was done by optical microscopy and X-rays diffraction (XRD), the mechanical characterization was carried out by microhardness test and finally, evaluation of corrosion resistance of the alloy by electrochemical tests. The XRD and the optical microscopy made it possible to analyze that the heat treatment influenced the phase shifting from α to α', and probably affected the alloy hardness, at the first aged sample at 500º Chas been a sudden increase in the value of hardness, probably by appearance of omega phase, unwanted phase to the medical application duo to great fragility, and finally ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Engenharia Biomédica
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Pós-graduação em Química - IQ
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As they have excellent mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and biocompatibility, much research has been conducted with respect to biomedical applications of titanium alloys. This work aims to study the experimental system binary alloy Ti-15Mo, in the raw state of fusion and heat treatment after homogenization, solubilization and calcination (simulating conditions employed for nanotube growth) targeting biomedical applications. Samples were obtained by casting the components in an electric arc furnace with inert atmosphere of argon. After obtaining the alloy, it was heat treated at three different heat treatments, namely homogenizing, calcining and simulation solubilization. The phases present were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy and microhardness testing
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Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG
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Pós-graduação em Química - IQ
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Pós-graduação em Química - IQ
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O trabalho desenvolvido teve como objectivo principal a preparação de matrizes porosas de quitosano reticuladas com materiais biodegradáveis e biocompatíveis para uso em aplicações biomédicas. As matrizes foram caracterizadas a nível estrutural (análise por IV e RMN), a nível físico (análise por SEM, ensaios de biodegrabilidade e inchamento) e também a nível funcional (análise da capacidade de libertação controlada de um fármaco). Os agentes reticulantes das matrizes foram cuidadosamente seleccionados usando como critério principal a ausência de toxidade (biocompatibilidade). Foram seleccionados para este estudo diferentes copolímeros de poli(2-etil-2-oxazolina) e glicidil metacrilato, o ácido bórico, o ácido malónico e o líquido iónico 1-(2-hidroxietil)-3-metil-imidazol tetrafluoroborato. Os agentes reticulantes poliméricos foram sintetizados usando uma tecnologia limpa (polimerização viva em dióxido de carbono supercrítico através de uma mecanismo de abertura de anel por via catiónica). A análise do perfil de biodegrabilidade das matrizes de quitosano reticuladas revelou que se degradam facilmente em meio ligeiramente ácido (pH5.0) o que levou à sua exclusão para estudos de expansão celular. As matrizes estudadas revelaram um elevado grau de inchamento cujo potencial para libertação controlada de fármacos foi explorado para a libertação de dexametasona, um glicocorticóide sintético adequado a administração por via transdérmica. As matrizes de quitosano reticuladas e impregnadas com dexametasona apresentam um perfil de libertação controlada e contínua ao longo de vinte e sete horas.
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Dissertação apresentada na Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Biomédica
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Dissertação apresentada para obtenção do Grau de Doutor em Nanotecnologias e Nanociências pela Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia.
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A adição de nanopartículas magnéticas a polímeros termossensíveis permite desenvolver sistemas híbridos com possíveis aplicações biomédicas no âmbito do diagnóstico e/ou da terapia. A variedade de aplicações ao nível biomédico advêm da capacidade de resposta a vários estímulos, podendo tornar estes sistemas multifuncionais. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo o desenvolvimento de microgéis híbridos termossensíveis com capacidade de resposta tanto à temperatura como ao campo magnético aplicado. Os microgéis híbridos sintetizados por polimerização por emulsão sem tensioativo (polimerização por precipitação) são constituídos por poli (N-isopropilacrilamida) (PNIPAAm) reticulado e quitosano (CS), sendo a componente inorgânica composta por nanopartículas magnéticas de óxido de ferro (IONPs), previamente sintetizadas por precipitação química. Foram sintetizados microgéis com diferentes percentagens (%m/m) de CS: 2, 10, 15, 20 e 40; bem como com diferentes percentagens (%m/m) de IONPs: 5 e 10%. Os microgéis sintetizados foram caracterizados de forma a otimizar o seu processo de produção. Para tal foi avaliada a sua estrutura, as propriedades físico-químicas e magnéticas e a capacidade de inchamento dos diferentes microgéis produzidos. Por último, foi avaliado o potencial destes microgéis híbridos funcionarem como agentes de hipertermia magnética. Confirmou-se que os microgéis obtidos apresentam uma morfologia esférica com diâmetros médios inferiores a um micrómetro. A introdução tanto do CS como das IONPs não alterou a termossensíbilidade dos microgéis, embora tenha provocado uma diminuição nas suas capacidades de inchamento. Verificou-se ainda que o encapsulamento das nanopartículas de óxido de ferro não alterou as propriedades superparamagnéticas das mesmas. Estes dados, em conjunto com os resultados de hipertermia magnética, revelam um potencial para a aplicação destes microgéis híbridos em hipertermia magnética.