Restabelecimento funcional do tendão extensor digital longo submetido à tenectomia em eqüinos: observação macroscópica, ultra-sonográfica e histopatológica

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

Avaliação da exatidão cartográfica de dados SRTM e atualização da carta plani-altimétrica Salinópolis - NE do Pará

As informações topográficas existentes para o território brasileiro, na escala 1:100.000, cobrem apenas 75,39% da área nacional, restando ainda imensos vazios cartográficos, principalmente na região Amazônica. Essas informações eram oriundas de métodos de restituição aerofotogramétricas, aplicados em fotos aéreas das décadas de 60 a 80. Devido à grande complexidade dos métodos empregados e a outros problemas de ordem técnico-financeira, grande parte das cartas plani-altimétricas está desatualizada, fato que compromete a utilização das mesmas. Atualmente, as informações topográficas são largamente extraídas a partir de modelos digitais de elevação, como por exemplo, as imagens do Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM). Neste trabalho, o modelo de elevação do SRTM foi analisado com base no Padrão de Exatidão Cartográfica (PEC) altimétrico, na atualização altimétrica da carta Plani-altimétrica Salinópolis do ano de 1982. A análise do PEC altimétrico do SRTM referente à região de Salinópolis, revelou que o mesmo pode ser utilizado na escala 1:50.000 classe C e escala 1:100.000 classe A. Já que as imagens SRTM são compatíveis com a escala e classe da carta Salinópolis, utilizou-se a versão original do SRTM (90 metros resolução espacial) para atualização altimétrica da carta Salinópolis e imagens TM Landsat-5, como base planimétrica, seguindo os parâmetros adotados pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Com a atualização da carta constatou-se várias diferenças, principalmente em relação à planimetria. A atualização das cartas é de grande importância, principalmente em regiões costeiras, devido à dinâmica e intensidade dos diferentes processos naturais e antrópicos atuantes, além disso, esta metodologia pode servir de base para a atualização de outras cartas e até mesmo a geração de novas cartas em locais de vazios cartográficos, resolvendo assim a questão da falta de informação topográfica em determinadas escalas. Palavras-chave: SRTM, atualização cartográfica, carta plani-altimétrica, Amazônia.

Influência da ovariectomia associada à dieta deficiente em cálcio na periodontite experimental

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Histopathological Changes by the Use of Soft Reline Materials: A Rat Model Study

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Impacto de tempestade geomagnética na ionosfera e no posicionamento com GNSS: estudo de caso para 20 de novembro de 2003 na região brasileira

The goal of this paper is to analyze the influence of the intense geomagnetic storms in the ionosphere and GNSS (GPS) positioning. It was analyzed the effects of intense geomagnetic storm of November 20th 2003 using GPS data from RBMC (Brazilian Network for Continuous Monitoring) located in different sites in the Brazilian region and ionosphere global maps. While analyzing the results, it can be observed an increase in the electron density of the ionosphere in the regions near to the geomagnetic equator in the afternoon on the day of the storm. In the period after the sunset of the storm day, there is an increase in the density of free electrons and ionospheric irregularities in regions furthest from the geomagnetic equator, when compared to geomagnetically quiet days. When the positioning point is analyzed, it is observed high discrepancies values in planimetry and altimetry at the same position for periods of changes that occurred in the ionosphere, especially for the GPS stations located furthest from the geomagnetic equator in the period after the sunset Sun.

Repair of Bone Defects Filled with New Calcium Aluminate Cement (EndoBinder)

The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the repair of bone defects filled with calcium aluminate cement (EndoBinder), mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), and calcium hydroxide. Methods After mixing, the cements were inserted into bone defects (3.3 mm) mechanically created in the right and left tibias of 30 rats (Rattus norvegicus, Wistar). In the control group, the bone defects were filled with blood clot of the animal itself. After time intervals of 7, 30, and 90 days had elapsed, bone tissue biopsies (n = 5) were surgically obtained and submitted to laboratory processing. The response of bone tissue in contact with the materials was microscopically analyzed. The percentage of neoformed bone tissue in the defect was determined by means of planimetry counting points superimposed on the histologic image. Results Significant increase in the percentage of neoformed bone tissue was observed throughout the experimental periods in all groups (P < .05). For the cements EndoBinder and MTA (30 and 90 days), these percentage values were statistically higher than those of the control group (P < .05); however, they were similar to those of calcium hydroxide (P > .05). Conclusions EndoBinder and MTA allowed complete repair of bone defects created in rat tibias.

Early Diagnosis of Myocardial Dysfunction in Patients With Hematological Malignancies Submitted to Chemotherapy. Preliminary Results.

Early Diagnosis of Miocardial Dysfunction in Patients with Hematological Malignancies Submitted to Chemotherapy. Preliminary Background: Considering the current diagnostic improvements and tl1erapeutic approaches, patients witl 1 cancer can now be healed or keep the disease under control, still, the chemotherapy may cause heart damage, evolving to Congestive Heart Failure. Recognition of those changes increases the chances of control the endpoints; hence, new parameters of cardiac and fluid mechanics analysis have been used to assess the myocardial function, pursuing an earlier diagnosis of the cardiac alterations. This study aimed to detect early cardiac dysfunction consequently to chemotherapy in patients with hematological malignancies (HM). Methods: Patients with leukemia and lymphoma, submitted to chemotherapy, without knowing heart diseases were studied. Healthy volunteers served as the control group. Conventional 2DE parameters of myocardial function were analyzed. The peak global longitudinal, circumferential and radial left ventricular (LV) strain were deternined by 2D and 3D speckle tracking (STE); peak area strain measured by 3D STE and LV torsionn, twisting rate, recoil / recoil rate assessed by 2D STE. The LV vortex formation time (VFT) during the rapid diastolic filling was estimated by the 2D mitral valve (MV) planimetry and Pulsed Doppler LV inflow by: VFT- 4(1-β) / π x α3 x LVEF Where 1- β is the E wave contribution to the LV stroke volume and α3 is a volumetric variable related to the MV area. The statistical level was settled on 5%. Results: See Table. Conclusion: Despite the differences between the two groups concerning the LVESV, LVEF and E´, those parameters still are in the normal range when considering the patients submitted to chemotherapy; thus, in the clinical setting, they are not so noticeable. The 3D GLS was smaller among the patients, oppositely to the 2D GLS, suggesting that the former variable is more accurate to assess tlhe LV systolic function. The VFT is a dimensionless measure of the optimal vortex development inside the LV chamber; reflecting the efficiency of the diastolic filling and, consequently, blood ejection. This index showed to be diminished in patients with HM submitted to chemotherapy, indicating an impairment of the in1pulse and thrust, hence appearing to be a very early marker of diastolic and systolic dysfunction in this group.

Impact of platelet rich plasma and adipose stem cells on lymphangiogenesis in a murine tail lymphedema model.

BACKGROUND Lymphedema is an underdiagnosed pathology which in industrialized countries mainly affects cancer patients that underwent lymph node dissection and/or radiation. Currently no effective therapy is available so that patients' life quality is compromised by swellings of the concerned body region. This unfortunate condition is associated with body imbalance and subsequent osteochondral deformations and impaired function as well as with an increased risk of potentially life threatening soft tissue infections. METHODS The effects of PRP and ASC on angiogenesis (anti-CD31 staining), microcirculation (Laser Doppler Imaging), lymphangiogenesis (anti-LYVE1 staining), microvascular architecture (corrosion casting) and wound healing (digital planimetry) are studied in a murine tail lymphedema model. RESULTS Wounds treated by PRP and ASC healed faster and showed a significantly increased epithelialization mainly from the proximal wound margin. The application of PRP induced a significantly increased lymphangiogenesis while the application of ASC did not induce any significant change in this regard. CONCLUSIONS PRP and ASC affect lymphangiogenesis and lymphedema development and might represent a promising approach to improve regeneration of lymphatic vessels, restore disrupted lymphatic circulation and treat or prevent lymphedema alone or in combination with currently available lymphedema therapies.

Aplicación de herramientas gis para la cartografía y correlación de datos de ensayos no destructivos en el diagnóstico de edificios históricos

La presente tesis propone un nuevo método de cartografía de ensayos no destructivos en edificios históricos mediante el uso de técnicas basadas en SIG. Primeramente, se define el método por el cual es posible elaborar y convertir una cartografía 3D basada en nubes de puntos de un elemento arquitectónico obtenida mediante fotogrametría, en cartografía raster y vectorial, legible por los sistemas SIG mediante un sistema de coordenadas particular que referencian cada punto de la nube obtenida por fotogrametría. A esta cartografía inicial la denominaremos cartografía base. Después, se define el método por el cual los puntos donde se realiza un ensayo NDT se referencian al sistema de coordenadas del plano base, lo que permite la generación de cartografías de los ensayos referenciadas y la posibilidad de obtener sobre un mismo plano base diferentes datos de múltiples ensayos. Estas nuevas cartografías las denominaremos cartografías de datos, y se demostrará la utilidad de las mismas en el estudio del deterioro y la humedad. Se incluirá el factor tiempo en las cartografías, y se mostrará cómo este nuevo hecho posibilita el trabajo interdisciplinar en la elaboración del diagnóstico. Finalmente, se generarán nuevas cartografías inéditas hasta entonces consistentes en la combinación de diferentes cartografías de datos con la misma planimetría base. Estas nuevas cartografías, darán pie a la obtención de lo que se ha definido como mapas de isograma de humedad, mapa de isograma de salinidad, factor de humedad, factor de evaporación, factor de salinidad y factor de degradación del material. Mediante este sistema se facilitará una mejor visión del conjunto de los datos obtenidos en el estudio del edificio histórico, lo que favorecerá la correcta y rigurosa interpretación de los datos para su posterior restauración. ABSTRACT This research work proposes a new mapping method of non-destructive testing in historical buildings, by using techniques based on GIS. First of all, the method that makes it possible to produce and convert a 3D map based on cloud points from an architectural element obtained by photogrammetry, are defined, as raster and vector, legible by GIS mapping systems using a particular coordinate system that will refer each cloud point obtained by photogrammetry. This initial mapping will be named base planimetry. Afterwards, the method by which the points where the NDT test is performed are referenced to the coordinate system of the base plane , which allows the generation of maps of the referenced tests and the possibility of obtaining different data from multiple tests on the same base plane. These new maps will be named mapping data and their usefulness will be demonstrated in the deterioration and moisture study. The time factor in maps will be included, and how this new fact will enable the interdisciplinary work in the elaboration of the diagnosis will be proved. Finally, new maps (unpublished until now) will be generated by combining different mapping from the same planimetry data base. These new maps will enable us to obtain what have been called isograma moisture maps, isograma salinity- maps, humidity factor, evaporation factor, salinity factor and the material degradation factor. This system will provide a better vision of all data obtained in the study of historical buildings , and will ease the proper and rigorous data interpretation for its subsequent restoration.

Casas de la oligarquía castellana en la Granada del siglo XVI : tipologías, adaptación y contexto urbano, fundamentos para su recuperación

El tema de estudio de esta tesis es el análisis morfológico y cronológico de diez ejemplares emblemáticos de la arquitectura doméstica señorial de la Granada del siglo XVI, analizados en comparación con otros casos de referencia construidos en el mismo período en la propia ciudad, conservados y desaparecidos. También se han tenido en cuenta las principales manifestaciones arquitectónicas de los mayores focos urbanos contemporáneos en el reino de Castilla. El trabajo se ha desarrollado partiendo de la realización de una planimetría precisa y completa de las diez casas documentadas, uniendo al trabajo in situ sobre los datos materiales el estudio de las fuentes de archivo y de la bibliografía especializada existente sobre la materia. El análisis formal de las unidades domésticas ha sido enfocado al estudio tipológico de lo construido, haciendo especial hincapié en las pervivencias andalusíes sobre las cuales los nuevos moradores edificaron o adaptaron sus casas solariegas. En apoyo a las hipótesis presentadas se aporta la documentación arqueológica derivada de las excavaciones realizadas en los solares de las viviendas objeto de análisis, además de los planos de los estados previos a las recientes reformas sufridas por muchos de estos edificios. El análisis comparativo con algunos edificios contemporáneos en los que se ha documentado y estudiado cronológicamente su evolución histórica, ha permitido afianzar las hipótesis de datación y de reconstrucción de la distribución espacial de las fábricas originarias de la época tratada. Los objetivos de la investigación han sido orientados a poner de manifiesto la delicada y compleja transición de la medina nazarí a la ciudad cristiana, tratando también ciertas características multiculturales propias de las técnicas constructivas y de sociedad de la época. Los resultados de este estudio multidisciplinar se han registrado en un mapa de datos creado con el Sistema de Información Geográfico, en el que se han incluido tanto los datos cronológicos como formales, individualizando los ambientes que constituyen las pervivencias medievales y los que se han construido después, aportando sus distintas dataciones. Se ha querido dar respuesta a varios interrogativos: ¿Cómo se adapta la arquitectura castellana al tejido urbano andalusí? ¿Reaprovecha las preexistencias o las elimina en cada momento? ¿De qué modo la ciudad ha ido modificándose hasta configurarse como una ciudad moderna? ¿Cuánto se ha mantenido este patrimonio de casas? ¿Cómo se debería conservar? Se ha tratado de resolver estas cuestiones formulando síntesis gráficas en las que se puede comprender la evolución histórica de las viviendas acontecida a lo largo del siglo XVI, junto con sus transformaciones recientes provocadas por las intervenciones contemporáneas. Asimismo se aporta el estudio de las principales características de las intervenciones acometidas sobre este patrimonio único de viviendas, que por su propia naturaleza es altamente perecedero y necesita que se formulen criterios eficaces y correctos para su mayor conservación. El punto de partida de este trabajo no ha sido solamente el análisis de campo sino también la recopilación y ordenación de los datos procedentes de la bibliografía existente para formular discursos coherentes y precisos sobre la evolución de este tipo de viviendas históricas, cuyos valores son tan expuestos a graves deterioros que su catalogación, documentación y valoración se hacen imprescindibles. Pese a que las diez viviendas incluidas en los capítulos de estudio detallado estén catalogadas en los Planes Especiales de Protección (Albaicín, 1990 y Centro, 2002), sus caracteres formales y sus elementos estructurales y decorativos de valor histórico han sufrido un evidente proceso de expolio o destrucción, hecho grave que esta Tesis quiere reflejar de cara a la deseable futura puesta en valor real de estos edificios así como, indirectamente, de sus ámbitos urbanísticos de pertenencia. ABSTRACT The purpose of this thesis is to study the morphological and chronological characteristics of ten emblematic mansions belonging to the architectural period of the 16th Century in Granada, Spain. These houses are compared with other similar outstanding constructions of the same period that are located in the city, which have either been preserved or disappeared. Also, this study has taken into account the main architectural expressions of greater contemporary urban areas of the Kingdom of Castile. The work carried out began, first of all, by drawing a precise and thorough planimetry of the ten surveyed houses, together with in situ tasks based on physical data, a study of archival data, and the specialized existing bibliography on the subject. The formal analysis of the home units is focused as a typological study of erected buildings, with a special attention on Al Andalus remains over which the new householders constructed or adapted their mansions. The hypotheses brought forward have been supported by the archaeological documentation that had been elaborated during the excavation works of the houses concerned in this study. Moreover, the drawings of the states of the sites, previously to the most recent renovation works many of these buildings have undergone, have been presented. The comparative analysis made with some contemporary buildings, which have been chronologically documented and studied in their historical evolution, has confirmed the dating hypotheses, and that of the reconstruction of the spatial distribution of the original factories the period discussed. The aims of this research have been oriented to bring to light the delicate and complex transition of the town, from the Nasrid period to Christian times. The research has also dealt with some special multicultural characteristics of the constructive techniques, as well as of the society of that period. The results of this multidisciplinary study have been registered on a data map created with the Geographical Information System, which includes both the chronological and formal data. The Medieval settings, and those of later constructions, have been individualised and dated. Several questions have been answered: how the Castilian architecture adapts to the Al Andalus urban design? Have the pre-existing structures been reused or eliminated at each stage? How has the town evolved until becoming a modern city? To which degree this heritage of houses has remained? How should it been preserved? These questions have been approached by means of graphical syntheses in an attempt to bring an understanding of the historical evolution of the houses throughout the 16th Century. But also, this work shows the more recent transformations these structures suffered over the contemporary period. Moreover, there is a study of the main characteristics of interventions over this unique patrimony of housing which by nature is perishable and needs a formulation of correct and efficient criteria for better conservation. The starting point of this work has not only been that of field analysis, but also the gathering and ordering of the existing bibliographical data, in order to formulate coherent and precise statements on the evolution of this type of historical housing. Its treasures are so exposed to severe deterioration that their cataloguing, documentation and appreciation are becoming crucial. Despite the fact that the ten houses considered in the chapters of this detailed study are listed in the special protection plans (Planes Especiales de Protección, Albaicín plan of 1990 and the town centre plan of 2002) their formal characteristics, as well as structural and decorative historical value, have suffered gradual plunders or destruction. This thesis tries to reflect how serious is that matter and the need in the future to give this heritage and the surrounding urban environment, a real value.

Overexpression of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase in transgenic rabbits prevents diet-induced atherosclerosis.

Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) is a key plasma enzyme in cholesterol and high density lipoprotein (HDL) metabolism. Transgenic rabbits overexpressing human LCAT had 15-fold greater plasma LCAT activity that nontransgenic control rabbits. This degree of overexpression was associated with a 6.7-fold increase in the plasma HDL cholesterol concentration in LCAT transgenic rabbits. On a 0.3% cholesterol diet, the HDL cholesterol concentrations increased from 24 +/- 1 to 39 +/- 3 mg/dl in nontransgenic control rabbits (n = 10; P < 0.05) and increased from 161 +/- 5 to 200 +/- 21 mg/dl (P < 0.001) in the LCAT transgenic rabbits (n = 9). Although the baseline non-HDL concentrations of control (4 +/- 3 mg/dl) and transgenic rabbits (18 +/- 4 mg/dl) were similar, the cholesterol-rich diet raised the non-HDL cholesterol concentrations, reflecting the atherogenic very low density, intermediate density, and low density lipoprotein particles observed by gel filtration chromatography. The non-HDL cholesterol rose to 509 +/- 57 mg/dl in controls compared with only 196 +/- 14 mg/dl in the LCAT transgenic rabbits (P < 0.005). The differences in the plasma lipoprotein response to a cholesterol-rich diet observed in the transgenic rabbits paralleled the susceptibility to developing aortic atherosclerosis. Compared with nontransgenic controls, LCAT transgenic rabbits were protected from diet-induced atherosclerosis with significant reductions determined by both quantitative planimetry (-86%; P < 0.003) and quantitative immunohistochemistry (-93%; P < 0.009). Our results establish the importance of LCAT in the metabolism of both HDL and apolipoprotein B-containing lipoprotein particles with cholesterol feeding and the response to diet-induced atherosclerosis. In addition, these findings identify LCAT as a new target for therapy to prevent atherosclerosis.

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 1983 (Raster Image)

This layer is a georeferenced raster image of the United States Geological Survey sheet map entitled: Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania, produced by the United States Geological Survey ; Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of Environmental Resources, Topographic and Geologic Survey. It was published in 1983. Scale 1:50,000. Compiled from USGS 1:24,000-scale topographic maps. Planimetry revised from aerial photographs taken in 1981 and other source data. Revised information not field checked. Map edited 1982. The image inside the map neatline is georeferenced to the surface of the earth and fit to the Pennsylvania South State Plane Coordinate System NAD27 (in Feet) (Fipszone 3702). All map collar and inset information is also available as part of the raster image, including any inset maps, profiles, statistical tables, directories, text, illustrations, index maps, legends, or other information associated with the principal map. USGS maps are typical topographic maps portraying both natural and manmade features. They show and name works of nature, such as mountains, valleys, lakes, rivers, vegetation, etc. They also identify the principal works of humans, such as roads, railroads, boundaries, transmission lines, major buildings, etc. Relief is shown with standard contour intervals of 20 feet and spot heights. Please pay close attention to map collar information on projections, spheroid, sources, dates, and keys to grid numbering and other numbers which appear inside the neatline. Includes notes, index to 1:24,000-scale maps, and location map. This layer is part of a selection of digitally scanned and georeferenced historic maps from The Harvard Map Collection as part of the Imaging the Urban Environment project. Maps selected for this project represent major urban areas and cities of the world, at various time periods. These maps typically portray both natural and manmade features at a large scale. The selection represents a range of regions, originators, ground condition dates, scales, and purposes.

Use of real-time three-dimensional echocardiography to measure left atrial volume: Comparison with other echocardiographic techniques

Objectives: Left atrial (LA) volume (LAV) is a prognostically important biomarker for diastolic dysfunction, but its reproducibility on repeated testing is not well defined. LA assessment with 3-dimensional. (3D) echocardiography (3DE) has been validated against magnetic resonance imaging, and we sought to assess whether this was superior to existing measurements for sequential echocardiographic follow-up. Methods: Patients (n = 100; 81 men; age 56 +/- 14 years) presenting for LA evaluation were studied with M-mode (MM) echocardiography, 2-dimensional (2D) echocardiography, and 3DE. Test-retest variation was performed by a complete restudy by a separate sonographer within 1 hour without alteration of hemodynamics or therapy. In all, 20 patients were studied for interobserver and intraobserver variation. LAVs were calculated by using M-mode diameter and planimetered atrial area in the apical. 4-chamber view to calculate an assumed sphere, as were prolate ellipsoid, Simpson's biplane, and biplane area-length methods. All were compared with 3DE. Results: The average LAV was 72 +/- 27 mL by 3DE. There was significant underestimation of LAV by M-mode (35 +/- 20 mL, r = 0.66, P < .01). The 3DE and various 2D echocardiographic techniques were well correlated: LA planimetry (85 +/- 38 mL, r = 0.77, P < .01), prolate ellipsoid (73 +/- 36 mL, r = 0.73, P = .04), area-length (64 +/- 30 mL, r = 0.74, P < .01), and Simpson's biplane (69 +/- 31 mL, r = 0.78, P = .06). Test-retest variation for 3DE was most favorable (r = 0.98, P < .01), with the prolate ellipsoid method showing most variation. Interobserver agreement between measurements was best for 3DE (r = 0.99, P < .01), with M-mode the worst (r = 0.89, P < .01). Intraobserver results were similar to interobserver, the best correlation for 3DE (r = 0.99, P < .01), with LA planimetry the worst (r = 0.91, P < .01). Conclusions. The 2D measurements correlate closely with 3DE. Follow-up assessment in daily practice appears feasible and reliable with both 2D and 3D approaches.

Modelação do risco de perda dentária por doença periodontal

O prognóstico da perda dentária é um dos principais problemas na prática clínica de medicina dentária. Um dos principais fatores prognósticos é a quantidade de suporte ósseo do dente, definido pela área da superfície radicular dentária intraóssea. A estimação desta grandeza tem sido realizada por diferentes metodologias de investigação com resultados heterogéneos. Neste trabalho utilizamos o método da planimetria com microtomografia para calcular a área da superfície radicular (ASR) de uma amostra de cinco dentes segundos pré-molares inferiores obtida da população portuguesa, com o objetivo final de criar um modelo estatístico para estimar a área de superfície radicular intraóssea a partir de indicadores clínicos da perda óssea. Por fim propomos um método para aplicar os resultados na prática. Os dados referentes à área da superfície radicular, comprimento total do dente (CT) e dimensão mésio-distal máxima da coroa (MDeq) serviram para estabelecer as relações estatísticas entre variáveis e definir uma distribuição normal multivariada. Por fim foi criada uma amostra de 37 observações simuladas a partir da distribuição normal multivariada definida e estatisticamente idênticas aos dados da amostra de cinco dentes. Foram ajustados cinco modelos lineares generalizados aos dados simulados. O modelo estatístico foi selecionado segundo os critérios de ajustamento, preditibilidade, potência estatística, acurácia dos parâmetros e da perda de informação, e validado pela análise gráfica de resíduos. Apoiados nos resultados propomos um método em três fases para estimação área de superfície radicular perdida/remanescente. Na primeira fase usamos o modelo estatístico para estimar a área de superfície radicular, na segunda estimamos a proporção (decis) de raiz intraóssea usando uma régua de Schei adaptada e na terceira multiplicamos o valor obtido na primeira fase por um coeficiente que representa a proporção de raiz perdida (ASRp) ou da raiz remanescente (ASRr) para o decil estimado na segunda fase. O ponto forte deste estudo foi a aplicação de metodologia estatística validada para operacionalizar dados clínicos na estimação de suporte ósseo perdido. Como pontos fracos consideramos a aplicação destes resultados apenas aos segundos pré-molares mandibulares e a falta de validação clínica.