Guía de integración de la dimensión de género en los procesos asistenciales integrados [Recurso electrónico] : documentos de apoyo

El abordaje del género como enfoque transversal de las políticas sanitarias es un objetivo prioritario para la Consejería de Salud, porque el estado de salud de mujeres y hombres es diferente porque somos diferentes desde el punto de vista biológico y también porque hay factores sociales que actúan en la salud de las personas. Esta guía se ha elaborado con el fin de facilitar la introducción de la perspectiva de género en los procesos asistenciales, planes integrales de salud y planes de cuidados estandarizados de enfermería.

An electronic portfolio for quantitative assessment of surgical skills in undergraduate medical education.

BACKGROUND We evaluated a newly designed electronic portfolio (e-Portfolio) that provided quantitative evaluation of surgical skills. Medical students at the University of Seville used the e-Portfolio on a voluntary basis for evaluation of their performance in undergraduate surgical subjects. METHODS Our new web-based e-Portfolio was designed to evaluate surgical practical knowledge and skills targets. Students recorded each activity on a form, attached evidence, and added their reflections. Students self-assessed their practical knowledge using qualitative criteria (yes/no), and graded their skills according to complexity (basic/advanced) and participation (observer/assistant/independent). A numerical value was assigned to each activity, and the values of all activities were summated to obtain the total score. The application automatically displayed quantitative feedback. We performed qualitative evaluation of the perceived usefulness of the e-Portfolio and quantitative evaluation of the targets achieved. RESULTS Thirty-seven of 112 students (33%) used the e-Portfolio, of which 87% reported that they understood the methodology of the portfolio. All students reported an improved understanding of their learning objectives resulting from the numerical visualization of progress, all students reported that the quantitative feedback encouraged their learning, and 79% of students felt that their teachers were more available because they were using the e-Portfolio. Only 51.3% of students reported that the reflective aspects of learning were useful. Individual students achieved a maximum of 65% of the total targets and 87% of the skills targets. The mean total score was 345 ± 38 points. For basic skills, 92% of students achieved the maximum score for participation as an independent operator, and all achieved the maximum scores for participation as an observer and assistant. For complex skills, 62% of students achieved the maximum score for participation as an independent operator, and 98% achieved the maximum scores for participation as an observer or assistant. CONCLUSIONS Medical students reported that use of an electronic portfolio that provided quantitative feedback on their progress was useful when the number and complexity of targets were appropriate, but not when the portfolio offered only formative evaluations based on reflection. Students felt that use of the e-Portfolio guided their learning process by indicating knowledge gaps to themselves and teachers.

Situacions vitals i components motivacionals de la personalitat de base en la preadolescència

Con el fin de detectar los determinantes fundamentales que regulan la conducta moral de los niños, este trabajo pretende aportar bases que constituyan un fundamento válido para desarrollar materiales situacionales y motivacionales para los alumnos. El Cuestionario de Situaciones fue elaborado para describir aspectos contextuales, el contenido temático o argumento, protagonistas, reacciones o cursos de acción y la motivación subyacente. Esta información sirvió para extraer situaciones y componentes motivacionales, lo que permitió crear el Cuestionario sobre Razones. Así, era posible preguntar por qué actuaba de una manera específica el niño implicado en tales situaciones. Las razones aportadas por los alumnos quedaron reducidas a las siguientes: arbitrarias, autoritarias, aler céntricas, idealistas y personales. En consecuencia,las situaciones y las razones que explican los cursos de acción fueron utilizadas para elaborar el Test de Motivación Etica. Con 3.448 chicos y chicas, comprendidos entre los 10 Y los 15 años de edad, se han analizado los cambios motivacional es referidos a las diferencias en sexo y edad. Se apuntan implicaciones para la educación moral.

Coping is excellent in Swiss Children with inflammatory bowel disease: results from the Swiss IBD cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) starting during childhood has been assumed to impair quality of life (QoL) of affected children. As this aspect is crucial for further personality development, the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) was assessed in a Swiss nationwide cohort to obtain detailed information on the fields of impairment. METHODS: Data were prospectively acquired from pediatric patients included in the Swiss IBD Cohort Study. IBD activity was evaluated by PCDAI and PUCAI. The age adapted KIDSCREEN questionnaire was evaluated for 110 children with IBD (64 with Crohn's disease 46 with ulcerative colitis). Data were analyzed with respect to established reference values of healthy controls. RESULTS: In the KIDSCREEN index a moderate impairment was only found for physical wellbeing due to disease activity. In contrast, mental well-being and social support were even better as compared to control values. A subgroup analysis revealed that this observation was restricted to the children in the German speaking part of Switzerland, whereas there was no difference compared to controls in the French part of Switzerland. Furthermore, autonomy and school variables were significantly higher in the IBD patients as compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS: The social support for children with IBD is excellent in this cohort. Only physical well-being was impaired due to disease activity, whereas all other KIDSCREEN parameters were better as compared to controls. This indicates that effective coping and support strategies may be able to compensate the burden of disease in pediatric IBD patients.

Límits en l'adolescència

Els necessiten per qüestionar-los i, al mateix temps, per integrar-los en la seva personalitat

Psyyken ja persoonallisuuden synty : erään kokeen tuloksia

Myös esittely Iljenkovin elämästä ja tuotannosta.

Gemeinsam selbständig. Eine Analyse kooperativen Handelns bei partnerschaftlichen Existenzgründungen

Im Zentrum der empirischen Arbeit steht einerseits eine besondere Form der Unternehmensgründung, andererseits eine besondere Form der Kooperation: die partnerschaftliche Existenzgründung. Das Forschungsvorhaben geht dem Ziel nach, Kooperationsprozesse in solchen unternehmerischen Partnerschaften zu explorieren. Um letztendlich eine praktisch nutzbare Grundlage für Maßnahmen zur Förderung beruflicher Selbständigkeit zu gewinnen, werden Merkmale und Rahmenbedingungen erfolgreicher partnerschaftlicher Existenzgründungen aufgezeigt. Die Empirie stützt sich auf qualitative Interviews mit Personen, die erfolgreich im Team ein Unternehmen gegründet haben und führen. In einem ersten Schritt werden anhand der Interviews konkrete alltägliche Kooperationsprozesse präzise beschrieben. Darauf aufbauend zeichnen tiefer gehende qualitative Analysen Entwicklungen auf einer abstrakteren Handlungsebene nach. Das Spektrum der Betrachtung umfasst neben individuellen Entwicklungen der Unternehmensgründer auch Prozesse auf der Teamebene sowie auf unternehmerischer Ebene. Zur Exploration der Handlungsprozesse werden die eigenen Ergebnisse durch ausgewählte theoretische Ansätze aus Kognitions- und Sozialpsychologie, aus soziologischer Handlungstheorie und Betriebswirtschaftslehre bereichert. Als relevant auf individueller Ebene erweisen sich insbesondere Prozesse der Identitätsentwicklung hin zu einer unternehmerisch-partnerschaftlichen Identität. Auf der Teamebene sind die Bewahrung und Überwindung von Eigensinn in der Interaktion sowie der Aufbau einer vertrauensvollen Beziehung zentral. Auf Unternehmensebene schließlich spielen Prozesse der Sinnfindung zwischen individuellen Erwerbsentwürfen und ökonomischen Strukturen, die Entstehung von Ordnung sowie Problemlösungsprozesse eine entscheidende Rolle. Insgesamt wird deutlich, dass der Weg in eine partnerschaftliche Selbständigkeit ein vielschichtiger Lernprozess ist, der aus der Praxis heraus entsteht, im Wesentlichen von den Gründern selbst organisiert und von gemeinsamen Reflexionen getragen wird. Diese Erkenntnisse stellen erste Ansatzpunkte dar zur Förderung beruflicher Selbständigkeit in Hochschule und im beruflichen Bildungswesen.

O papel social da mulher e o desenvolvimento da personalidade infantil

Este trabalho teve por objetivo o estudo de variáveis que convergem para o desenvolvimento da personalidade infantil. A conduta da mulher, em seu posicionamento frente a família e a sociedade, interferindo diretamente sobre a criança, e considerada primordial para análise do problema. O referencial teórico utilizado e social, sendo discutido dentro do contexto da psicologia feminina e de sua situação sócio-jurídica; das relações de estrutura e dinâmica familiares; da psicologia do desenvolvimento; e de fatores culturais envolvidos. Tratando-se de um estudo teórico, não são discutidas as proposições em nível de constructo nem de hipóteses. Limita-se ao nível das variáveis, buscando deduções lógicas que liguem a conscientização feminina das necessidades requeridas por seus diversos papeis com sua conduta.

Desvelando as teias de Pinóquio :concepções de família em jovens moradores de bairros periféricos

This thesis discusses family as a social and historical construction and concerns to the perceptions developed by the peripheral youth living in suburbs. It investigates the speeches of young boys and girls who take part in Engenho de sonhos a forum composed by a pool of eleven non-governmental organizations and UFRN which aim is the elaboration and execution of projects focusing local development of poor communities in violence and social exclusion context. Throughout interactive diagnosis seminars in five communities in West Side of Natal with six hundred teenagers, it was detected the need to work with family relationships. In order to build the methodological corpus a range variety of procedures were done such as: interviews, focal groups and psychosocial questionnaires with nine local young leaders. The purpose to understand data guided the research through the theory of social imagery and pointed out the following themes: conceptions, relationship, roles, family projects. Live stories of these young population reveals conflicts when it comes to the configuration of family ties, far from the family model stated by society. Family is also, in their perception, an important space to the development of affection, in experiences of all sorts, affecting personality development and determining behaviors in local contexts. The research concludes stating the urge to comprehend this academic work as a way to fight against symbolic and emotional poverty in family context producing discussions and critical reflection in a permanent relation between juvenile social vulnerability (characterized by lacks of all orders) and potential

Educação e desenvolvimento da personalidade da criança: contribuições da teoria histórico-cultural

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Direito à desconexão do trabalho como instrumento de proteção à saúde do trabalhador

Pós-graduação em Direito - FCHS

A Transformation of the Philosophical Thought of West European Liberalism in the Multi-National Central and South-Eastern European Milieu

This work was devoted to individual child development. Psychogenetic research has emphasised the importance of social factors in children's intellectual development and two social factors are looked at here, family size and birth order. The effect of the formal parameters is, however, very unstable and they should therefore be considered together with certain informal factors. Of these, parental educational style, which is an expression of national traditions at the family level, is of particular interest. Educational style is culture-dependent and only a comparative cross-cultural study can reveal the real mechanisms through which educational style influences children's intellectual and personality development. Dumitrascu carried out an experimental cross-cultural study dedicated to the effects of family environment on child intellectual development. This involved three distinct populations, each of which has a distinct status in their geographical area, namely Romanians, Romanies from Romania, and Russians from the Republic of Moldova. It showed a significant difference between child intelligence in those from large families and in only children, with a huge gap in the case of Romany children. This suggests that the simultaneous action of several negative factors (low socio-economic status, large family size, socio-cultural isolation of the population) may delay a child's development. Subjected to such a precarious environment, Romany children do not seek self-realisation but rather struggle to overcome hardship and the majority remain outside civilisation. Unfortunately, adult Romanies rarely show concern about their children's successful social integration, placing no value on the school as a major socialising tool. This leads to the conclusion that a major effort is needed to help Romanies' social integration.

Physical education enhances your concentration

There is growing evidence that physical education has not only positive effects on the physical health of children and adolescents, but also contributes positively to personality development and to performance in cognitive tasks. Existing studies indicate chronic as well as acute effects of physical education on cognitive performance. However, underlying mechanisms, required content of the physical intervention and duration of the effects are still unclear. In order to shed light on some of these open questions, the present study investigated the acute effects of a special form of physical education, integrating cardiac-stimulating tasks with executive demands, on the concentration of 11-year olds. Concentration was assessed three times using the d2-R Test. Intervention (n=38) and control group (n=35) did not differ in their d2-R performance in pre- nor in post-test, which took place after either a physical intervention or a normal core subject lesson respectively. In the follow-up test however, which was completed after two more core subject lessons for both groups, the intervention group improved more in their d2-R performance than the control group F(1, 71)=4.95, p=.03, indicating that physical education can positively influence children’s concentration, not immediately after the activity, but later on during the following school lessons.

Coping is excellent in Swiss Children with inflammatory bowel disease: results from the Swiss IBD cohort study

BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) starting during childhood has been assumed to impair quality of life (QoL) of affected children. As this aspect is crucial for further personality development, the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) was assessed in a Swiss nationwide cohort to obtain detailed information on the fields of impairment. METHODS Data were prospectively acquired from pediatric patients included in the Swiss IBD Cohort Study. IBD activity was evaluated by PCDAI and PUCAI. The age adapted KIDSCREEN questionnaire was evaluated for 110 children with IBD (64 with Crohn's disease 46 with ulcerative colitis). Data were analyzed with respect to established reference values of healthy controls. RESULTS In the KIDSCREEN index a moderate impairment was only found for physical wellbeing due to disease activity. In contrast, mental well-being and social support were even better as compared to control values. A subgroup analysis revealed that this observation was restricted to the children in the German speaking part of Switzerland, whereas there was no difference compared to controls in the French part of Switzerland. Furthermore, autonomy and school variables were significantly higher in the IBD patients as compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS The social support for children with IBD is excellent in this cohort. Only physical well-being was impaired due to disease activity, whereas all other KIDSCREEN parameters were better as compared to controls. This indicates that effective coping and support strategies may be able to compensate the burden of disease in pediatric IBD patients.