Camponeses Brazil's Peasant Movement in Historical Perspective (1946-2004)

Comparison of the histories of three leading peasant organizations in the Pontal do Paranapanema region of Brazil-the Partido Comunista do Brasil (PCB) from 1945 to 1964, the Confederacao Nacional de Trabalhadores na Agricultura (CONTAG) from 1964 to 1984, and the Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem-Terra (MST) from 1984 to 2004-suggests that continuity is as important as change in understanding Brazilian peasant movements. The MST has been considered a "new social movement" in that it has eschewed partisan politics, incorporated families as members rather than just male heads of household, had a national scope and a participatory decision-making structure, and been attuned to the international struggle over globalization. Placing it in historical perspective makes it clear, however, that this is not the first time that militants have organized around the concept of peasants as a political identity; that while the representation of peasants in the leadership of contemporary rural labor organizations may be greater than in the past, earlier peasant leaders also struggled on behalf of their class; that earlier peasant organizations had, if not a national presence, a substantial presence in the agricultural states of the time; and that attempts at international organization to unite peasant struggles around the globe are not entirely new. This is not to deny the innovative features of contemporary movements but to suggest that the investigation of past achievements will contribute to a fuller appreciation of these movements' conditions and prospects.

The contributions of applied anthropology to peasant development

Includes bibliography

The peasant economy: internal logic, articulation and persistence

Includes bibliography

Peasant agriculture in Latin America: situation and trends

Includes bibliography

The principal schools of thought on the peasant economy

Includes bibliography

The Andean peasant, water and the role of the State

Includes bibliography

Informe del Seminario Regional sobre Políticas Agrarias y Sobrevivencia Campesina en Ecosistemas de Altura = Report of the Regional Seminar on Agrarian Policies and Peasant Survival in High-Altitude Ecosystems

Conclusiones y recomendaciones del Seminario cuyo objetivo fue analizar los problemas del campesinado andino en ecosistemas de altura relacionados con la penetración del estilo de desarrollo predominante en Latinoamérica, resaltando los complejos influjos recíprocos entre la oferta ambiental de recursos, las particularidades de los distintos pisos ecológicos, las formas y sistemas de organización social, los cambios y tendencias de la situación ambiental, para recomendar políticas de desarrollo que sean opciones viables para resolver los problemas del campesino de esas áreas. Incluye lista de participantes y documentos presentados.

Peasant agriculture in Latin America and the Caribbean

Includes bibliography

O movimento em pedaços e os pedaços em movimentos: da ocupação do Pontal do Paranapanema à dissensão nos movimentos socioterritoriais camponeses

Pós-graduação em Geografia - FCT

Evaluation of the relationship between education and sustainability in peasant movements: The experience of the National Education Program in Agrarian Reform

Brazil is one of the largest agricultural producers in the world. However, its agrarian composition is based on two markedly different production models, particularly in relation to sustainability: a peasant family agriculture, which plays an important role in food production for domestic consumption and advocates agro-ecological practises; and agribusiness, the politically and economically hegemonic model that produces commodities for export based on monoculture and intensive use of pesticides. Therefore, in order to create the means to develop peasant lands, social movements and peasants have engaged themselves politically and defended an education model grounded in sustainable practises of production and social organisation. Taking this into account, the main purpose of this paper is to analyse and assess the Brazilian experience of integration between education and sustainability, in the National Education Program in Agrarian Reform (PRONERA). To accomplish this aim, a survey with a semi-structured questionnaire was carried out among teachers, students, monitors, and coordinators of the course offered by PRONERA. The surveys showed that the courses are promoting the concepts of sustainability among peasants. However, many adjustments need to be taken into consideration during the planning process for the next courses offered by PRONERA.

Interior of a Peasant's Hut. Inneres einer Bauernhütte.

Signatur des Originals: S 36/G02607