Die Bartagame Amphibolurus barbatus Cuv. im Terrarium

Von Otto Tofohr

(Table 1) Stable carbon and nitrogen isotopic ratios of potential prey species of bearded seals (Erignathus barbatus), Svalbard

Changing patterns of sea-ice distribution and extent have measurable effects on polar marine systems. Beyond the obvious impacts of key-habitat loss, it is unclear how such changes will influence ice-associated marine mammals in part because of the logistical difficulties of studying foraging behaviour or other aspects of the ecology of large, mobile animals at sea during the polar winter. This study investigated the diet of pregnant bearded seals (Erignathus barbatus) during three spring breeding periods (2005, 2006 and 2007) with markedly contrasting ice conditions in Svalbard using stable isotopes (d13C and d15N) measured in whiskers collected from their newborn pups. The d15N values in the whiskers of individual seals ranged from 11.95 to 17.45 per mil, spanning almost 2 full trophic levels. Some seals were clearly dietary specialists, despite the species being characterised overall as a generalist predator. This may buffer bearded seal populations from the changes in prey distributions lower in the marine food web which seems to accompany continued changes in temperature and ice cover. Comparisons with isotopic signatures of known prey, suggested that benthic gastropods and decapods were the most common prey. Bayesian isotopic mixing models indicated that diet varied considerably among years. In the year with most fast-ice (2005), the seals had the greatest proportion of pelagic fish and lowest benthic invertebrate content, and during the year with the least ice (2006), the seals ate more benthic invertebrates and less pelagic fish. This suggests that the seals fed further offshore in years with greater ice cover, but moved in to the fjords when ice-cover was minimal, giving them access to different types of prey. Long-term trends of sea ice decline, earlier ice melt, and increased water temperatures in the Arctic are likely to have ecosystem-wide effects, including impacts on the forage bases of pagophilic seals.

José Antonio Valverde Gómez (1926-2003) y el quebrantahuesos (Gypaetus barbatus)

Hace diez años fallecía, en su domicilio sevillano, el naturalista vallisoletano José Antonio Valverde Gómez. En homenaje a su memoria, me propongo en este trabajo revisitar, y en lo posible también revisar, la relación que este biólogo mantuvo con nuestra ave más impresionante y bella, con esa joya de nuestro patrimonio natural y cultural, el quebrantahuesos. Para ello, se aporta documentación inédita, se añaden datos nuevos, y se corrigen viejos errores.

Aplicaciones del estudio de la ultraestructura y composición de la cáscara de los huevos de quebrantahuesos ("Gypaetus barbatus") en la conservación de la especie

El Quebrantahuesos (Gypaetus barbatus) es una especie longeva, amenazada, con una población europea de 170 territorios. La población española, con 121 territorios, es el núcleo principal en Europa y se han aplicado medidas para su conservación desde 1985. Sin embargo, en los últimos años, la población ha sufrido de bajas tasas de productividad y éxito reproductor que están afectando a la dinámica de la población y está amenazando su viabilidad a largo plazo. Evaluamos la idoneidad del estudio de la cáscara de los huevos utilizando microscopía electrónica de barrido para determinar las causas de fracaso reproductor; se han obtenido muestras de 8 cáscaras de huevos colectados antes del uso masivo de pesticidas y depositados en museos, y que nos han permitido caracterizar la ultraestructura normal de la cáscara del huevo de los Quebrantahuesos. La cáscara es trilaminar y reticular, con la porción calcificada compuesta por tres capas, como se ha descrito en otras Falconiformes, así como poros simples y careciendo de la capa cristalina superficial. Todos los parámetros ultraestructurales mostraron mayores rangos de variación de lo esperado, sugiriendo que el Quebrantahuesos tiene una alta capacidad de adaptación a diferentes condiciones ambientales. Se han estudiado 27 huevos enteros y 90 cáscaras colectadas desde 1996 hasta 2013 en los Pirineos tras el fracaso reproductor y en colaboración con las autoridades medioambientales. Se investigaron también los niveles de pesticidas organoclorados y PCBs. Los análisis toxicológicos revelaron niveles muy bajos de contaminación, por lo que la contaminación por pesticidas organoclorados no era la causa del fallo reproductor. La fertilidad en la muestra actual es también mayor de lo esperado y el fallo reproductor se producía mayoritariamente al final de la incubación o en los primeros días de vida del pollo. Se ha encontrado que los huevos fértiles tenían mas longitud, cáscaras mas gruesas y mayores valores del Índice de Ratcliffe, siendo, por tanto, de mayor calidad. Desde 2006 el espesor de la cáscara y otros parámetros ultraestructurales están disminuyendo. Esta pérdida de calidad de los huevos desde 2006 está relacionada con las políticas sanitarias de la UE que han provocado un súbito descenso en la disponibilidad de cadáveres de animales domésticos y de recursos tróficos. Los cambios temporales encontrados en la carga de pesticidas organoclorados, que también se incrementa desde 2006, indica que los Quebrantahuesos están modificando sus estrategias de alimentación y búsqueda de alimento para explotar recursos de peor calidad y aumentando el riesgo de consumo de presas contaminadas o envenenadas.

CIL 6.1284-1285 – Metrical epitaph on a sarcophagus for Lucius Cornelius Scipio Barbatus

Photographs and translation

CIL 6.1286 – Metrical epitaph for Lucius Cornelius Scipio, son of Barbatus

Photograph

CIL 6.1287 – Metrical epitaph for Lucius Cornelius Scipio, son of Barbatus

Photographs, notes by A.E. Gordon, and translation by A.J. Heisserer

Report of the striped red mullet (Mullus surmuletus) and red mullet (Mullus barbatus) Exchange 2016

In September 2015, the Working Group on Biological Parameters (WGBIOP) recommended an otolith exchange for Mullus surmuletus and Mullus barbatus in 2016 (Otolith Exchanges proposals for 2016/2017; ICES, 2015). Kélig Mahe (IFREMER, France) was decided to be the responsible to organise this otolith exchange. Two otolith exchanges (2008, 2011), and two age reading workshops (ICES, 2009; 2012), have been taken place until now (Mahé et al., 2012). A total of 13 readers from 5 countries (France, Spain, Italy, Cyprus and Greece) participated at the exchange of 2016. The otoliths of 465 individuals (345 M. barbatus & 120 M. surmuletus), sampled from 2011 to 2014 in the Mediterranean Sea (Central Adriatic Sea, Cyprus, Levantine Spain coasts, Balearic Islands) were used for this exchange. For both Mullus species, the precision values were very low, the PA ranged between 56 and 67% the CV ranged from 32 to 64% and the APE ranged from 1.9 to 3.6%. The results by area and species showed the same trend with the first age groups presenting the higher CV values and in some cases lower PA values. These results could be explained by the position of the first growth increment and the two different approaches of reading interpretation used by the readers (ICES, 2012).

A review of length-weight relationships of fishes from Greek marine waters

This paper presents 649 length-weight relationships gathered from literature pertaining to 83 fish species, belonging to 34 families, throughout Greek marine waters. The value of the slope b ranged from 1.667 for Cepola macrophthalma to 3.707 for Mullus barbatus. The mean value of b was 2.989 (SD=0.339) and did not differ significantly from 3(t-test, p<0.05). The median value of b was 3.058 and 50% of the b values ranged between 2.900 and 3.186.

洱海四种鲤鱼线粒体DNA遗传相似性的初步研究

用6种限制性内切酶对洱海的四种鲤鱼--洱海鲤(C. barbatus)、春鲤(C. longipectoralis)、大眼鲤(C. megalophthalmus)和杞麓鲤(C. carpio chila),其中前三种为洱海特有,进行了线粒体DNA(mtDNA)的限制性片段长度多态性(RFLP)分析,构建了它们的mtDNA限制性内切酶图谱。结果表明,这四种鲤鱼在种内和种间均缺乏mtDNA RFLP。这种现象在鱼类种间的mtDNA的RFLP研究中是罕见的。分析这一现象的原因,可能在于这些物种是同域形成物种,并且其分化时间还相当短。

云南鲤属（Cyprinus）鱼类的分类整理

关于鲤属鱼类的分类，过去已有两次比较系统的研究，但对亚属的划分、种了阶元的判定等仍存在争议。原在是分类所循外形性状变异较大、互相重叠。本文试图从骨骼比较入手，寻找新的分类依据。经比较分析，鲤属鱼类的第一脊椎横突、上颌骨、额骨、枕骨突、犂骨、下咽骨和下颌骨等存在明显差异，可以作为分种的鉴别特征。据此重新分类整理，认为Mesocyprinus亚属仍能成立，产于洱海的厚唇鲤Cyprinus crassilabris Chen et Hwang这个名称无效，首次把它归入杞麓鲤Cyprinus carpio chilia Wu et al.的同物异名；Cyprinus pellegrini pellegrini Tchang、Cyprinus pellegrini barbatus Chen et Hwang、Cyprinus yunnanensis yunnanensis Tchang和Cyprinus yunanensis daliensis Chen et Hwang在骨骼上有明显分化，由亚种提升为和自独立的种。整理后统计去南共有鲤属鱼类12个种和亚种。以骨骼特征做出检索表。

The ones that come ready made:The identification and use of Sus tusks as tools at prehistoric cave sites in Malaysia

Evidence for osseous technologies has featured in excavation reports from Southeast Asia for almost a century and from archaeological deposits as old as 43,000 years BP. However, in contrast to the significance that is placed on this technology in other parts of the world, until recently, Southeast Asian assemblages have drawn only very limited attention. Concentrating on evidence from Malaysia, the current paper examines one element of this inventory of tools: the deliberate modification of pig canines and the means by which such alteration can be distinguished from patterns of natural tooth wear. Particular attention is paid to the bearded pig (Sus barbatus), as it is one of the two species of wild boar in Malaysia whose tusks are most likely to have been used by prehistoric toolmakers. Reference is also made to wider, regional ethnographic examples of known tusk implements and their accredited uses to further assist in the identification process. Distinguishing criteria for worked tusk are formulated according to the type and extent of modification. These criteria are then applied to archaeological specimens recovered from two prehistoric cave sites in Malaysia, Gua Bintong and Niah Cave.

Vies de saints.

Apollonia (126 v). - Barbatus (124 v). - Bonifacius m. (80 v). - Catherina (135 v). - Decem millia mart. (89 v). - Dimitrius (63). - Dionysius (94). - Eufraxia (115 v). - Eufrosina (111v). - Eustachius (106). - Eutropius (77). - Febronia (68 v). - Joh. Bassandus (151 v). - Maria Magd. (127 v). - Petrus Celestinus (59 v). - Prisca (59). - Restituta (62). - Robertus abbas (83 v). - Rob. de Salle (1). - Rochus (79 v). - Sabbas (36 v). - Sabina (127). - Severinus (45).

Avaliação de diterpenos isolados de P. ornatus como potenciais inibidores da COX-1

Os produtos naturais são uma importante fonte de possíveis novos fármacos para uso clínico. O Plectranthus ornatus Codd. pertence a um género associado ao isolamento de diterpenos que são compostos responsáveis ??por diversas actividades biológicas. Os três diterpenos em estudo foram isolados no passado de P. ornatus e são agora avaliados como potenciais inibidores da COX-1. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que o ácido rinocerotinoico (2), mas não a plectrornatina C (1) e o halimano (3), apresenta uma ligeira actividade inibidora da COX-1. Estudos em desenvolvimento visam entender se estes compostos têm efeito como inibidores da COX-2. Deste modo, pretendese verificar o seu possível interesse como agentes anti-inflamatórios.

A ictiofauna de cabeceiras do rio Tietê, São Paulo, Brasil

Uma síntese das espécies de peixes de cabeceiras do rio Tietê é apresentada com base em material de coleções zoológicas e novas coletas realizadas. São referidas para região 56 espécies pertencentes a sete ordens e 16 famílias, aumentando significativamente números anteriores. Os resultados mostram que as cabeceiras do rio Tietê possuem uma composição ictiofaunistica bastante peculiar, distinta daquela encontrada no restante do Alto rio Paraná, mostrando acentuado grau de endemismo e grande similaridade com bacias hidrográficas litorâneas, corroborando a hipótese de captura de rios da região por drenagens costeiras e vice e versa no passado. Dentre as espécies encontradas na região, oito são endêmicas (14,3%), 13 são encontradas nas cabeceiras do rio Tietê e drenagens litorâneas da região sudeste do Brasil (23,2%), dez ocorrem em todo Alto rio Paraná (17,9%), cinco são encontradas no Alto rio Paraná e drenagens litorâneas da região sudeste do Brasil (8,9%), enquanto 13 espécies mostram uma ampla distribuição na América do Sul (23,2%), das quais parte ainda precisa ter a identidade confirmada. A diversidade de espécies é acrescida de pelo menos cinco espécies novas pertencentes aos gêneros Cyphocharax, Characidium, Astyanax, Pareiorhina e Australoheros e quatro novos registros são feitos para Characidium cf. zebra, Scleromystax barbatus, Crenicicla britskii e Synbranchus cf. marmoratus. Pelo menos sete espécies introduzidas estão estabelecidas na região, enquanto outras dez espécies são relacionadas em listas de espécies ameaçadas.