Mapa dos programas sociais: transferência de renda e dinâmicas sociais no Rio Grande do Norte (2000-2007)

The question of evaluating the fight against poverty in a given society is very complex task, considering the range of factors that permeate, such as education, culture and economy itself. Come hence the relevance of the theme and its constant presence in discussions on the fruits of public policies, institutional structure and economic development which are the guiding elements of this work, and noted that seeks to highlight the social demographics and most important, the most significant trends and issues pertaining to her. The assessment was initially made in all the municipalities of Rio Grande do Norte doing a verticalilzação to the municipalities Caicó, Pau dos Ferros, Ipueira and Taboleiro Grande. Highlighting the role of a social policy through government programs, such as the Bolsa Familia Program (PBF), which creates the possibility of changes in the socio demographic profile given the importance that the action of this public policy has in shaping the regional economic reality As well as social programs and actions of the government here reported that generate mobility of people and new social demands, such as rural retirements, the benefit of continuing provision (BPC), the Program for the Eradication of Child Labor (PETI) that put on the market of population living on the margins of various forms of consumption. Accordingly, the socio economic profile of the state shows a significant improvement in their social indicators, vital education and redistribution of income, due to the significant improvement in life expectancy in the fall of school drop-out rate and the drop in indicators of Proportion Poor and destitute of the state. Where the fall in the proportion of poor and indigent is strongly associated with an increase in income, from social programs. With this transfer and redistribution of income can be gauged that occurs a strengthening of local economies and an engagement of families with the conditionalities of social programs and PETI Bolsa Familia. Our research concludes that simply raising the rents caused by transfers, presents relevant impacts on the education of young people in beneficiary families. There is no doubt that the programs of transfer income, no facing the social field, representing a mechanism to decrease the most perverse ills of poverty, social and economic inequality that is hungry. For a significant portion of the Brazilian population living below the poverty line, programs for the transfer of income are expressed directly in improving the material conditions of life and indirectly in improving self-esteem of women and all family members receiving encouraging yet the integration family. Experiments have shown that improvements in health and nutrition can be obtained through the implementation of adequate social policies like the programs of transfer income, while social inclusion and economic does not become full

A youth vision of the city: The socio-spatial lives and exclusion of street girls in Bogota, Colombia

This dissertation documents the everyday lives and spaces of a population of youth typically constructed as out of place, and the broader urban context in which they are rendered as such. Thirty-three female and transgender street youth participated in the development of this youth-based participatory action research (YPAR) project utilizing geo-ethnographic methods, auto-photography, and archival research throughout a six-phase, eighteen-month research process in Bogotá, Colombia. ^ This dissertation details the participatory writing process that enabled the YPAR research team to destabilize dominant representations of both street girls and urban space and the participatory mapping process that enabled the development of a youth vision of the city through cartographic images. The maps display individual and aggregate spatial data indicating trends within and making comparisons between three subgroups of the research population according to nine spatial variables. These spatial data, coupled with photographic and ethnographic data, substantiate that street girls’ mobilities and activity spaces intersect with and are altered by state-sponsored urban renewal projects and paramilitary-led social cleansing killings, both efforts to clean up Bogotá by purging the city center of deviant populations and places. ^ Advancing an ethical approach to conducting research with excluded populations, this dissertation argues for the enactment of critical field praxis and care ethics within a YPAR framework to incorporate young people as principal research actors rather than merely voices represented in adultist academic discourse. Interjection of considerations of space, gender, and participation into the study of street youth produce new ways of envisioning the city and the role of young people in research. Instead of seeing the city from a panoptic view, Bogotá is revealed through the eyes of street youth who participated in the construction and feminist visualization of a new cartography and counter-map of the city grounded in embodied, situated praxis. This dissertation presents a socially responsible approach to conducting action-research with high-risk youth by documenting how street girls reclaim their right to the city on paper and in practice; through maps of their everyday exclusion in Bogotá followed by activism to fight against it.^

Factores de riesgo psicosocial en médicos de una institución prestadora de servicios de salud en Bogota-Colombia 2014

Los factores de riesgo psicosocial se pueden definir como las condiciones del individuo, del medio extra laboral o del medio laboral, que bajo determinadas condiciones de intensidad y tiempo de exposición, generan efectos negativos en el trabajador y en la organización. Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre los factores de riesgo psicosocial intralaboral, extra laboral y los síntomas de estrés en médicos de una institución prestadora de servicios de salud en la ciudad de Bogotá, durante el año 2014. Metodología: Se llevó a cabo un estudio de corte transversal, en una muestra constituida por 202 registros pertenecientes a médicos generales de una IPS de la ciudad de Bogotá. Las variables incluidas fueron socios demográficos, ocupacionales, intralaborales, extra laborales y sintomatología asociada al estrés. Se contó con la información de la batería de riesgos psicosociales elaborada por el Ministerio de la Protección Social (Actualmente Ministerio del Trabajo) y la Universidad Javeriana la cual esta validada en el país. Para las variables de tipo cuantitativo, se obtuvieron medidas de tendencia central y de dispersión. Para identificar los factores relacionados con el riesgo psicosocial y síntomas asociados al estrés, se utilizaron pruebas de asociación Chi cuadrado o análisis de correlación según la naturaleza de las variables. El nivel de significancia para cada prueba fue 0.05. Para analizar las diferencias entre dichas categorías se utilizó la prueba Anova de una vía. Se consideró un nivel α<0.05 como significativo para las pruebas de hipótesis. Para el análisis de la información se utilizó el paquete estadístico SPSS versión 22.0 de IBM. Resultados: La edad promedio de los participantes fue de 41.3 años (IC 95 % 40.1-42.5), siendo el género predominante el femenino con el 58,6%. Se encontró una asociación significativa entre el estado civil y la presencia de sintomatología asociada al estrés (p= 0,031). Al relacionar los valores de estrés con los riesgos intralaborales, se encontraron diferencias significativas en el 100% de estos y entre estrés y riesgos extralaborales se obtuvieron diferencias significativas (p<0.05) en cada una de las dimensiones evaluadas. Conclusiones Los médicos incluidos en el estudio tienen riesgo muy alto tanto a nivel intralaboral como extralaboral, reflejándose en el desarrollo de niveles incrementados de respuestas asociadas al estrés. Por lo anterior, se propone la realización de acciones de mejora dirigidas a la prevención, así como a la intervención de los factores de riesgo, encaminadas a promover la salud y controlar los factores de riesgo psicosocial, con el fin de mejorar las condiciones laborales de los trabajadores participantes en el estudio.

Validity and reliability of the international fItness scale (IFIS) in a population-based sample of schoolchildren in Bogota, Colombia: The FUPRECOL study

The International FItness Scale (IFIS) is a self-reported measure of physical fitness that could easily. This scale has been validated in children, adolescents, and young adults; however, it is unknown whether the IFIS represents a valid and reliable estimate of physical fitness in Latino-American youth population. In the present study we aimed to examine the validity and reliability of the IFIS on a population-based sample of schoolchildren in Bogota, Colombia. Participants were 1,875 Colombian youth (56.2% girls) aged 9 to 17.9 years old. We measured adiposity markers (body fat, waist-to-height ratio, skinfold thicknesses and BMI), blood pressure, lipids profile, fasting glucose, and physical fitness level (self reported and measured). Also, a validated cardiometabolic risk index was used. An age- and sex-matched sample of 229 Schoolchildren originally not included in the study sample fulfilled IFIS twice for reliability purposes. Our data suggest that both measured and self-reported overall fitness were associated inversely with adiposity indicators and a cardiometabolic risk score. Overall, schoolchildren who self-reported “good” and “very good” fitness had better measured fitness than those who reported “very poor” and “poor” fitness (all p<0.001). Test–retest reliability of IFIS items was also good, with an average weighted Kappa of 0.811. Therefore, our findings suggest that self-reported fitness, as assessed by IFIS, is a valid, reliable, and health-related measure, and it can be a good alternative for future use in large studies with Latin-schoolchildren from Colombia.

A aula de educação fisica como reprodutora de estereotipos de genero a luz da experiencia no Colegio "Inem Santiago Perez" : Santa-Fé de Bogota-Colombia

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

Measuring the accumulated hazards of smoking: global and regional estimates for 2000

Objective: Current prevalence of smoking, even where data are available, is a poor proxy for cumulative hazards of smoking, which depend on several factors including the age at which smoking began, duration of smoking, number of cigarettes smoked per day, degree of inhalation, and cigarette characteristics such as tar and nicotine content or filter type. Methods: We extended the Peto-Lopez smoking impact ratio method to estimate accumulated hazards of smoking for different regions of the world. Lung cancer mortality data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease mortality database. The American Cancer Society Cancer Prevention Study, phase 11 (CPS-II) with follow up for the years 1982 to 1988 was the reference population. For the global application of the method, never-smoker lung cancer mortality rates were chosen based on the estimated use of coal for household energy in each region. Results: Men in industrialised countries of Europe, North America, and the Western Pacific had the largest accumulated hazards of smoking. Young and middle age males in many regions of the developing world also had large smoking risks. The accumulated hazards of smoking for women were highest in North America followed by Europe. Conclusions: In the absence of detailed data on smoking prevalence and history, lung cancer mortality provides a robust indicator of the accumulated hazards of smoking. These hazards in developing countries are currently more concentrated among young and middle aged males.

La Xina del segle XXI (2000-2007): El projecte de Hu Jintao d’una “societat harmònica” amb un “sistema de valors essencials socialista

L’objectiu de la recerca és, mitjançant l’anàlisi dels documents de treball elaborats en el període 2000-2007 pel Govern xinès, aïllar elements ideòlogics per poder respondre a la qüestió de si el pensament tradicional xinès és prou rellevant en les propostes polítiques i en l’activitat de la quarta generació de dirigents comunistes com perquè els principis confucians es puguin considerar peça essencial del pla integral del PCX de “construir el socialisme amb característiques xineses”, dins del qual, el compromís del president Hu Jintao de “construir una societat harmònica socialista” ha adquirit el rang més alt en la jerarquia de principis estratègics.

Water Quality Summary for 2000-2007, 2008

This monthly report from the Iowa Department of Natural Resources is about the water quality management of Iowa's rivers, streams and lakes.

Iowa Civil Rights Commission History of Policy, 2000-2007

A Chronological Listing of Important Statements of Support by ICRC 2000-2007

Raakaöljyn hinnan muutoksen vaikutus öljy-yhtiöiden tuottoihin 2000-2007

Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on ollut selvittää öljy-yhtiöiden tuottojen riippuvuutta raakaöljyn hinnan muutokseen. Tutkimukseen on valittu 13 öljy-yhtiötä laaja-alaisesti ympäri maailmaa, jotta on saatu mahdollisimman kattava kuva maailman öljymarkki-noista. Tutkimusmetodina on käytetty multifaktorimallia, jossa öljy-yhtiöiden tuottoja on selitetty öljyn hinnalla, markkinaportfolion tuotolla, valuuttakurssiriskillä ja korkoriskillä.

Conservadorismo e rigidez na política monetária: uma estimativa da função de reação do BCB (2000-2007)

This paper aims at evaluating the conduction of monetary policy after the adoption of inflation targeting. Formation of Selic rate is modeled by estimating a reaction function of the BCB. Results show an excessive degree of interest rate smoothing and a high level of equilibrium interest rate. This evidence supports the belief that Selic rate's formation is ruled by a conservative behavior. The conservative conduction of monetary policy is related to two distinct features of BCB's reaction function: i) the great weight of autoregressive components; and, chiefly, ii) a very high level of the equilibrium interest rate. The main conclusion is that, all remaining unchanged, the interest rate would hardly be reduced in a satisfactory way. Massive and chronic deflation would be needed if Selic were to reach a reasonable level, closer to that of rates in the rest of the world. This evidences the need for a debate on the adequacy of current stabilization strategy.

Observatorio de las exportaciones: Bogotá y Cundinamarca, comportamiento de las exportaciones 2000 - 2007. No.16 Mayo de 2008

Gestión del conocimiento

Une continuité reconstruite à partir des ruptures migratoires. Les cas des Juifs argentins immigrés à Montréal pendant la période 2000-2007

Dans le cadre des politiques migratoires québécoises du début des années 2000, quelques familles juives argentines ont décidé de s'établir à Montréal. Ces migrants adhérent à un judaïsme culturel, où l’ethnicité devient une dimension identificatoire plus importante que la religion. Les Juifs argentins sont porteurs des histoires de migration familiales des ancêtres, lesquelles sont encore présentes dans la mémoire collective. Dans le cadre de leur établissement au Québec, ils se trouvent confrontés au contexte juif montréalais qui présente d’autres façons de vivre les judéités. Comment ces migrants perçoivent la rencontre et la cohabitation parmi les judéités montréalaises? Continueront-ils à se reconnaitre dans la spécificité de leurs judéités argentines? Les histoires migratoires de famille jouent-elles un rôle précis dans leur actuel processus d’établissement? Au-delà de l’adhésion à un judaïsme culturel, ces migrants croient-ils à une forme de transcendance?

Carta de navegación del proceso de regionalización en Colombia

La discusión sobre la división político administrativa del Estado está en plena vigencia y su solución implica sopesar las aspiraciones de las regiones particularmente consideradas, en consonancia con el conjunto de los altos intereses nacionales. Por tal motivo, este texto pretende centrar sus esfuerzos en la indagación sobre el proceso que ha reordenado el territorio colombiano y, con base en dicho examen, proyectar los lineamientos de un Estado regional que supere la versión del Estado unitario descentralizado. El resultado es una carta de navegación que sirven tanto a versados sobre el tema que deseen encontrar nuevas lecturas o recordar ciertos hechos en su contexto, como a neófitos que quieran tener una visión global integral sobre el mismo.