Interrelaciones de parentesco en el pueblo vasco.

Estudiar la sociedad vasca, las estructuras del parentesco que se proyectan en la sociedad. El contexto socio-cultural del País Vasco ha sido pluriforme. La institución familiar vasca busca conservar su integridad. Los usos y costumbres más que normas directrices, son respuestas a situaciones concretas. La familia iniciaba su existencia con el matrimonio, que se hallaba basado en necesidades económicas y estaba encauzado en gran parte por los padres de los cónyuges. A veces, se establecía patrilocalmente, otras matrilocalmente. El caserío, es algo más que un concepto jurídico: es como un organismo vivo alrededor del cual se articula toda la vida de la familia. Lo individual del marido y de la mujer, y la educación de los hijos, están integrados en una comunicación y hermandad mutua, que a su vez está integrada en una comunidad familiar cuyo pilar es el tronco familiar. La comunicación y hermandad de vida y de bienes, la libertad de donar y testar y la troncalidad se entrecruzan entre sí para constituir la familia vizcaína.

Aqui, todo mundo é da mesma família : parentesco e relações étnicas entre os ciganos na cidade alta, Limoeiro do Norte CE

This study aims to understand how facing a context of Constant interaction whit the local population, the gypsies family Alves dos Santos, neighborhood residentes in uptown, Limoeiro do Norte Ce, maintain a sense of ethnic belonging. To that end, I analyze both the social relations between Gypsies and non-gypsies community, as it is from the contact that the social boundaries are delineated, as the discourses and social representations that are used to qualify them from stigma. So, I found that grounded in the notion of family, gypsies are seen as a group, searching the history / past nomadic origing and blood common elements that underlie its condition, and the language a cultural trait that makes it possible to establish objective distinctions among gypsies and other community residentes, becoming thus a diacritical mark.

As competições sociais em grupos de Callithrix jacchus (Callitrichidae, Primates) são influenciadas pelo parentesco e pela convivência?

The Callitrichidae family is characterized by flexibility in its mating system, being possible to find monogamous, polyandrid and polygynic groups. Its social organization and mating system can be defined by the interaction between ecological and demographic factors plus the degree of relatedness among the individuals in the population. The objective of this work was to demonstrate the influence of relatedness and coexistence on the establishment and maintenance of social relations between Callithrix jacchus adult males. Four pairs of related adult males (CP), 4 pairs with coexistence between the animals in the pair (CC) and 4 pairs with no relatedness (SP) were studied. The pairs in the group CC had been kept in the same cage for at least 8 months before the experiment and the pairs in the group SP were put together at the beginning of the study. Each animal was observed 3 times/week for 2 months, in 15 min. sessions, through focal time sampling with instantaneous record each minute. In the first month, only the pair of males was kept in the cage (Phase I) and in the second month, a female was introduced into the cage (Phase II). The affiliative, agonistic and sexual interactions were registered. Affiliative interactions showed similar frequencies for all groups in phases. There was also no significant difference in the agonistic interactions of the CP, CC and SP males in Pase I, even considering that group SP exhibited higher levels of agonism. In Phase II, there was a statistically significant increase comparing to the others. The results demonstrate that relatedness and coexistence are of great importance for maintaining reprodutive and social stability inside the group. Nonetheless, in this study, only one of the males in the pair had sexual interations with the females, except for 2 pairs. This was assured through mate guarding and agonism directed to the potencial competitor. The most probable mating system would be functional monogamy, where the males would present low levels of competition, if there is relatedness and coexistence among them; on the other hand, a strong competition if there is no relatedness between the individuals. Even so, a polyandric system would also have to be considered

Unidad de empadronamiento y la relación de parentesco: el estudio de la estructura y tipos de familia

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Comentarios a los documentos de Alicia Bercovich y Nilza Martins Pereira Unidad de empadronamiento: ¿hogar, vivienda o familia?: ventajas y desventajas del enfoque del censo brasileño" y de Ana Rico de Alonso "Unidad de empadronamiento y la relación de parentesco: el estudio de la estructura y tipos de familia""

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Economía del cuidado de la niñez en Haití: proveedores, hogares y parentesco

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La formación de la familia y la frecuencia con que se dan diversas relaciones de parentesco

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Sistema de reprodução, parentesco e tamanho efetivo em sementes de polinização livre de populações fragmentadas de Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. por análise de locos microssatélites

Anthropogenic changes in the reproductive population density can affect the mating system and result in an increase in selfing and correlated matings. This study investigated the mating system in small fragmented populations of the insect pollinated tropical tree species Copaifera langsdorffii, using microsatellite loci and the mixed and correlated mating models. Open-pollinated seeds were collected from 15 seed-trees located in a small forest fragment (4.8 ha), denominated Bosque and from 14 other seed-trees located in other small forest fragments of the north-western region of São Paulo State. No significant differences were observed between the seed-trees from Bosque (tm=0.933±0.028) and other fragments (tm=0.971±0.032), although these estimates were significantly different from 1.0, suggesting that selfing was occurring. Differences between multilocus and unilocus outcrossing rate were significantly high in both seed-trees of Bosque (tm -ts=0.478±0.05) and other forest fragments (tm -ts=0.475±0.018), suggesting a spatial genetic structure in those stands. The results also showed high rates of correlated mating in the samples, indicating that a good part of the offspring were full-sibs. As a consequence of selfing, mating among relatives and correlated matings, the coancestry within families was equally high in the seed-trees of Bosque ((Θ=0.237) and in the seed-trees of the other forest fragments (Θ=0.241) and the effective population size was lower than expected in panmitic populations (Ne<4). The results were discussed, focusing on the sample size of seed-trees to collect seeds for genetic conservation and enviromental reforestation.

La formación de la familia y la frecuencia con que se dan diversas relaciones de parentesco

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La perdurabilidad de los lazos de parentesco en la reproducción social

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La perdurabilidad de los lazos de parentesco en la reproducción social (Ecuador)

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“Como uma comunidade”: formas associativas em Santo Antonio/PA: imbricações entre parentesco, gênero e identidade

Este trabalho analisa as relações sociais, políticas e culturais de um grupo rural auto-definido e identificado como quilombola. O objetivo é entender como esses agentes sociais elaboram suas práticas cotidianas e desenvolvem formas associativas no povoado de Santo Antonio, no município de Concórdia no estado do Pará. Com esta análise da atuação de homens e mulheres nesse processo o interesse é também de compreender as interações entre parentesco, gênero e identidade como constitutivas desse sistema social.