Aglutininas para once serotipos de leptospira en bovinos de los departamentos de Boaco, Managua, Matagalpa y Granada

Se recolectaron muestras de sangre de 633 bovinos de los departamentos de Boaco, Managua, Matagalpa y Granada. Se examino en ellas las presencia de aglutininas para la Leptospirosis por medio de la prueba de aglutinación microscópica. Se encotro que en Boaco y Matagalpa prevalece L. pomona, en Managua L. canicola y L. hyos en Granada. Se encontraron los siguientes porcentajes de infeccion; En Managua 24.66%, en Granada 11.03%, en Boaco 9.37% y en Matagalpa 7.69%.

Calidad de semilla de once variedades criollas, acriolladas y mejoradas de frijol común (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) y cuatro de maíz (Zea mays L.) proveniente de los municipios de San Ramón, San Dionisio, Darío y Matagalpa

El presente estudio se realizó en los laboratorios de semilla y fitopatología perteneciente a la Universidad Nacional Agraria (UNA) de la ciudad de Managua, con el objetivo de conocer la calidad de semillas de once variedades criollas o acriolladas de frijol común (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) y cuatro de maíz (Zea mays L.) provenientes de los municipios de San Ramón, San Dionisio, Darío y Matagalpa. Para determinar los parámetros de vigor se utilizó un diseño de tres bloques completos al azar donde se utilizaron tres canteros de concreto en los que se utilizó arena como sustrato; en cada repetición se establecieron dos surcos por variedades. Para la prueba de germinación y sanidad no se realizaron análisis estadísticos, los datos recolectados fueron expresados en porcentaje de acuerdo a cada una de las variedades; igual se hizo con los agentes patógenos que se presentaron. Los datos de vigor se analizaron mediante la obtención de medias a través de un análisis de varianza (ANDEVA) y comparación de medias por Tukey con una probabilidad de error del 5 % utilizando el programa InfoStat versión estudiantil 2013. El análisis mostró que los tratamientos evaluados mostraron diferencias significativas en cuanto a las variables velocidad de emergencia, emergencia total y materia seca. La comparación de medias por Tukey con un α = 5 % no indicó significancia estadística en la variable materia seca de la parte aérea para frijol común, en el caso de maíz todas las variables fueron significativas. Las variedades de frijol Guaniseño y Rojo maravilla del municipio de Darío son las que mejor resultado obtuvieron en las pruebas realizadas; en tanto a las variedades de maíz H-5 y Venezuela fueron mejores con respecto a las demás variedades.

Validación once líneas de tomate (Solanum esculentum Mill) en la Comarca el Tule Departamento de Boaco. En el periodo de Junio a Agosto del 2015

El estudio se realizó en la finca SAN JERONIMO entre los meses de Mayo a Agosto del 2015 propiedad de Sergio Urbina Rodríguez; la cual se localiza en la Comarca el Tule Central a 10 Km norte de Camoapa, los municipios de Boaco. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo de generar información sobre el comportamiento agronómico de 11 líneas de tomate (Solanum esculentum Mill), cultivados en condiciones de campo abierto. El método de recolección de información dicho cultivo (tomate) se realizó mediante la recolección de datos en el campo donde se seleccionaron 10 plantas muestreadas para cada línea donde se realizaron recuentos semanales, además se observó y se le dio seguimiento en todas las etapas del cultivo. El diseño metodológico es un ensayo preliminar sin replica, utilizando un área rectangular de 10 m x 12m. Los datos se analizaron a través de estadística descriptiva. Se observó la presencia de Bemisia tabacia partir de los 15 días después del trasplante (ddt) en todas las líneas establecidas. La población más alta se encontró en las líneas (1078) con promedio de 2.9 mosca /planta, línea (1031) con 1.4 mosca /planta y la línea (3125) con 1.4 mosca /planta y la de menor población correspondió a la línea (1143) con 0.5 mosca /planta y la línea (1005) con 0.33 mosca /planta. Se observó que en las 11 líneas evaluadas hubo incidencia de hongo y bacteria, la que presentó mayor incidencia de hongo en las línea (1005) con 1.33 %, la línea (1031) con 1.08 %, las de menor incidencia fue la línea (1005) con 0.83 %, la línea (1059) con 0.83 %. La incidencia de bacteria fue mayor la línea (1143) con 1.66 %, la línea (1X10) con 0.75 % y las que presentaron menor incidencia de bacteria fueron las líneas (1059) y línea (1203) con 0 % respectivamente. En cuanto a altura la líneas que obtuvieron mayor tamaño fue la línea (1038) con una altura 130.7 cm y la línea (1032) con una altura 110.6 cm y las de menor altura fueron línea (1143) con una altura 96.5cm y la línea (1005) con una altura 95cm. Las líneas que mostraron mejores característica productiva fueron: mayor diámetro polar y ecuatorial fue línea (1083) con 110 mm y la línea (1058) con 105mm y con 60mm, rendimientos fueron la línea (1032) con 15 toneladas y la línea (1005) con 11.93 toneladas y las líneas de menor rendimientos fue la línea (3125) con 3.53 toneladas y la línea (1059) con 2.78 toneladas.

SbOx thin films used for write-once blue laser recording

SbOx thin films are deposited by reactive dc-magnetron sputtering from all antimony metal target in Ar+O-2 with the relative O-2 content 7%. It is found that the as-deposited films call represent a two-component system comprising amorphous Sb and amorphous Sb2O3. The crystallization of Sb is responsible for the changes of optical properties of the films. The results of the static, test show that the SbOx thin films have good writing sensitivity for blue laser beams and the recording marks are very clear and circular. High reflectivity contrast of about 41% is obtained at a writing power 6 mW and writing pulse width 300 ns. In addition, the films show a good stability after reading 10000 times.

Write-once blue laser recording using silicon doped SbOx thin films prepared by reactive dc-magnetron sputtering

Si:SbOx films have been deposited by reactive dc-magnetron sputtering from a Sb target with Si chips attached in Ar + O-2 with the relative O-2 content 7%. The as-deposited films contained Sb metal, Sb2O3, SiO, Si2O3 and SiO2. The crystallization of Sb was responsible for the changes of optical properties of the films. The results of the blue laser recording test showed that the films had good writing sensitivity for blue laser beam (406.7 nm), and the recording marks were still clear even if the films were deposited in air 60 days, which demonstrated that doping silicon in SbOx films can improve the stability of SbOx films. High reflectivity contrast of about 36% was obtained at a writing power 6 mW and writing pulse width 300 ns. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Write-once medium with Fe-Doped BiOx thin films for blue laser recording

Fe:BiOx films are fabricated on K9 glass substrates by rf-magnetron sputtering of a BiFeO target under argon atmosphere with increasing sputtering power from 80 to 200 W at room temperature. It is found that the thin films grown at the sputtering power of 160W can be formed at an appropriate deposition rate and have an improved surface morphology. The XPS result reveals that the films investigated are comprised of Bi, Fe and O elements. A typical XRD pattern shows that no phase transition occurs in the films up to 400 degrees C. The results of the blue laser recording test demonstrate that the Fe:BiOx films have good writing sensitivity for blue laser beam (406.7 nm) and good stability after reading 10000 times. The recording marks of 200nm or less are obtained. These results indicate that the introduction of Fe into BiOx films can reduce the mark size and improve the stability of the films.

Once again on the importance of propagation effects for jet noise modelling

Several turbulent jet noise models starting from the classical Lighthill acoustic analogy to state-of-the art models are considered. No attempt is made to present any complete overview of jet noise theories. Instead, the aim is to emphasise the importance of sound generation and meanflow effects for the understanding and prediction of jet noise. For a recent acoustic analogy model, the consequences of jet flow simplification on the predicted sound spectra shape and the effective noise source location in the jet are discussed. © 2010 by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc.

A survey of alternative once-through fast reactor core designs

Reprocessing of Light Water Reactor (LWR) spent fuel to recover plutonium or transuranics for use in Sodium cooled Fast Reactors (SFRs) is a distant prospect in the U.S.A. This has motivated our evaluation of potentially cost-effective operation of uranium startup fast reactors (USFRs) in a once-through mode. This review goes beyond findings reported earlier based on a UC fueled MgO reflected SFR to describe a broader parametric study of options. Cores were evaluated for a variety of fuel/coolant/reflector combinations: UC/UZr/UO 2/UN;Na/Pb; MgO/SS/Zr. The challenge is achieving high burnup while minimizing enrichment and respecting both cladding fluence/dpa and reactivity lifetime limits. These parametric studies show that while UC fuel is still the leading contender, UO 2 fuel and ZrH 1.7 moderated metallic fuel are also attractive if UC proves to be otherwise inadequate. Overall, these findings support the conclusion that a competitive fuel cycle cost and uranium utilization compared to LWRs is possible for SFRs operated on a once-through uranium fueled fuel cycle. In addition, eventual transition to TRU recycle mode is studied, as is a small test reactor to demonstrate key features.

Polarization multiplexed write-once-read-many optical data storage in bacteriorhodopsin films

In polymeric films of bacteriorhodopsin (BR) a photoconversion product, which was named the F620 state, was observed on excitation of the film with 532 nm nanosecond laser pulses. This photoproduct shows a strong nonlinear absorption. Such BR films can be used for write-once-read-many (WORM) optical data storage. We demonstrate that a photoproduct similar or even identical to that obtained with nanosecond pulses is generated on excitation with 532 mn femtosecond pulses. This photoproduct also shows strong anisotropic absorption, which facilitates polarization storage of data. The product is thermally stable and is irretrievable to the initial B state either by photochemical reaction or through a thermal pathway. The experimental results indicate that the product is formed by a two-photon absorption process. Optical WORM storage is demonstrated by use of two polarization states, but more polarization states may be used. The combination of polarization data multiplexing and extremely short recording time in the femtosecond range enables very high data volumes to be stored within a very short time. (c) 2005 Optical Society of America.

Realization of write-once-read-many-times memory devices based on poly(N-vinylcarbazole) by thermally annealing

A nonvolatile write-once-read-many-time (WORM-time) memory device based on poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK) films was realized by thermally annealing. The device can be fabricated using a simple spin coat method. It was found that the control of PVK film surface morphology by thermally annealing plays an important role in achieving the WORM memory properties. The memory device showed an ON/OFF current ratio as high as 10(4) and the retention time was over 2000 s without degradation.

The morphology control of pentacene for write-once-read-many-times memory devices

We realized write-once-read-many-times (WORM) memory devices based on pentacene and demonstrated that the morphology control of the vacuum deposited pentacene thin film is greatly important for achieving the unique nonvolatile memory properties. The resulted memory devices show a high ON/OFF current ratio (10(4)), long retention time (over 12 h), and good storage stability (over 240 h). The reduction of the barrier height caused by a large interface dipole and the damage of the interface dipole under a critical bias voltage have been used to explain the transition processes.

Write-Once Read-Many-Times Memory Based on a Single Layer of Pentacene

We realized an organic electrical memory device with a simple structure based on single-layer pentacene film embedded between Al and ITO electrodes. The optimization of the thickness and deposition rate of pentacene resulted in a reliable device with an on/off current ratio as high as nearly 10(6), which was two orders of magnitude higher than previous results, and the storage time was more than 576 h. The current transition process is attributed to the formation and damage of the Interface dipole at different electric fields, in which the current conduction showed a transition from ohmic conductive current to Fowler-Nordheim tunneling current. After the transition from ON- to OFF-state, the device tended to remain in the OFF-State even when the applied voltage was removed, which indicated that the device was very promising for write-once read-many-times memory.