General support and depot maintenance repair parts and special tools lists : night vision sights, miniaturized AN/PVS-3 and AN/PVS-3A (FSN 5855-832-9341 and FSN 5855-156-4992).

"18 April 1972."

Organizational and DS maintenance manual : night vision sight, miniaturized AN/PVS-3 (NSN 5855-00-832-9341) and AN/PVS-3A (NSN 5855-00-156-4992).

"February 1968."

Organizational and direct support maintenance repair parts and special tools lists ... for night vision sights, tripod mounted AN/TVS-4 (NSN 5855-00-906-0994) and AN/TVS-4A (NSN 5855-00-760-3870).

"3 June 1981."

Operator's manual : night vision sight, miniaturized AN/PVS-3.

"December 1967."

Operator's manual : night vision sight, individual served weapon AN/PVS-4 (5855-00-629-5334).

"13 September 1985."

Night vision equipment data sheets.

"April 1974."

The research of range-gated laser night vision system on cars - art. no. 68351V

The characteristic of several night imaging and display technologies on cars are introduced. Compared with the current night vision technologies on cars, Range-gated technology can eliminate backscattered light and increase the SNR of system. The theory of range-gated image technology is described. The plan of range-gated system on cars is designed; the divergence angle of laser can be designed to change automatically, this allows overfilling of the camera field of view to effectively attenuate the laser when necessary. Safety range of the driver is calculated according to the theory analysis. Observation distance of the designed system is about 500m which is satisfied with the need of safety driver range.

Night Vision Imaging System (NVIS) certification requirements analysis of an Airbus Helicopters H135

The safe operation of nighttime flight missions would be enhanced using Night Vision Imaging Systems (NVIS) equipment. This has been clear to the military since 1970s and to the civil helicopters since 1990s. In these last months, even Italian Emergency Medical Service (EMS) operators require Night Vision Goggles (NVG) devices that therefore amplify the ambient light. In order to fly with this technology, helicopters have to be NVIS-approved. The author have supported a company, to quantify the potentiality of undertaking the certification activity, through a feasibility study. Even before, NVG description and working principles have been done, then specifications analysis about the processes to make a helicopter NVIS-approved has been addressed. The noteworthy difference between military specifications and the civilian ones highlights non-irrevelant lacks in the latter. The activity of NVIS certification could be a good investment because the following targets have been achieved: Reductions of the certification cost, of the operating time and of the number of non-compliance.

The night vision: a poem.

Mode of access: Internet.

Aviation intermediate maintenance manual : units under test for target acquisition designation sight (TADS) assembly, night sensor assembly, day sensor subassembly, control panel assembly, TADS turret assembly (less LRU's), indirect view display electronics assembly ....

"1 December 1987."

Organizational, direct and general support maintenance repair parts and special tools list for target mechanism, night firing, small arms, M40 (6920-678-8478).

"8 October 1971."

Center for NV & EO.

Mode of access: Internet.

Aviation intermediate maintenance manual : target acquisition designation sight (TADS) assembly AN/ASQ-170, AH-64A attack helicopter.

"30 April 1985."

Vision and night driving abilities of elderly drivers

OBJECTIVE: In this article, we review the impact of vision on older people's night driving abilities. Driving is the preferred and primary mode of transport for older people. It is a complex activity where intact vision is seminal for road safety. Night driving requires mesopic rather than scotopic vision, because there is always some light available when driving at night. Scotopic refers to night vision, photopic refers to vision under well-lit conditions, and mesopic vision is a combination of photopic and scotopic vision in low but not quite dark lighting situations. With increasing age, mesopic vision decreases and glare sensitivity increases, even in the absence of ocular diseases. Because of the increasing number of elderly drivers, more drivers are affected by night vision difficulties. Vision tests, which accurately predict night driving ability, are therefore of great interest. METHODS: We reviewed existing literature on age-related influences on vision and vision tests that correlate or predict night driving ability. RESULTS: We identified several studies that investigated the relationship between vision tests and night driving. These studies found correlations between impaired mesopic vision or increased glare sensitivity and impaired night driving, but no correlation was found among other tests; for example, useful field of view or visual field. The correlation between photopic visual acuity, the most commonly used test when assessing elderly drivers, and night driving ability has not yet been fully clarified. CONCLUSIONS: Photopic visual acuity alone is not a good predictor of night driving ability. Mesopic visual acuity and glare sensitivity seem relevant for night driving. Due to the small number of studies evaluating predictors for night driving ability, further research is needed.