History of offending behavior in first episode psychosis patients: A marker of specific clinical needs and a call for early detection strategies among young offenders

OBJECTIVES Previous literature suggests that early psychosis (EP) patients with a history of offending behavior (HOB) have specific clinical needs. The aims of this study were to assess: (1) the prevalence of HOB in a representative sample of EP; (2) the premorbid and baseline characteristics of patients with HOB, and (3) the potential differences in short-term outcome of such patients when compared to patients without HOB. METHODS The Early Psychosis Prevention and Intervention Centre (EPPIC) admitted 786 EP patients between 1998 and 2000. Data were collected from patients' files using a standardized questionnaire. Data of 647 patients could be analyzed. RESULTS HOB patients (29% of the sample) were more likely to be male with lower level of premorbid functioning and education, have used illicit substances and have attempted suicide. They presented with a more complex clinical picture and had poorer 18-month outcome. Most importantly, they had a significantly longer duration of untreated psychosis. CONCLUSIONS On the basis of the high prevalence and specific features of EP patients with HOB, our study confirms a need for additional research in this domain and for the development of specific treatment strategies. Most importantly, it suggests a need for the promotion of early detection strategies among the populations of young offenders, considering that some of them may be going through the early phases of a psychotic disorder and that reduction of treatment delay and provision of well adapted interventions may have a significant impact at numerous levels in such patients

Pollen analysis, particle size analysis, end-member modelling and x-ray fluorescence measurements from sediment cores off Cape Ghir, Morocco

Understanding past human-climate-environment interactions is essential for assessing the vulnerability of landscapes and ecosystems to future climate change. This is particularly important in southern Morocco where the current vegetation is impacted by pastoralism, and the region is highly sensitive to climate variability. Here, we present a 2000-year record of vegetation, sedimentation rate, XRF chemical element intensities, and particle size from two decadal-resolved, marine sediment cores, raised from offshore Cape Ghir, southern Morocco. The results show that between 650 and 850 AD the sedimentation rate increased dramatically from 100 cm/1000 years to 300 cm/1000 years, and the Fe/Ca and pollen flux doubled, together indicating higher inputs of terrestrial sediment. Particle size measurements and end-member modelling suggest increased fluvial transport of the sediment. Beginning at 650 AD pollen levels from Cichorioideae species show a sharp rise from 10% to 20%. Pollen from Atemisia and Plantago, also increase from this time. Deciduous oak pollen percentages show a decline, whereas those of evergreen oak barely change. The abrupt increase in terrestrial/fluvial input from 650 to 850 AD occurs, within the age uncertainty, of the arrival of Islam (Islamisation) in Morocco at around 700 AD. Historical evidence suggests Islamisation led to population increase and development of southern Morocco, including expanded pastoralism, deforestation and agriculture. Livestock pressure may have changed the vegetation structure, accounting for the increase in pollen from Cichorioideae, Plantago, and Artemisia, which include many weedy species. Goats in particular may have played a dominant role as agents of erosion, and intense browsing may have led to the decline in deciduous oak; evergreen oak is more likely to survive as it re-sprouts more vigorously after browsing. From 850 AD to present sedimentation rates, Fe/Ca ratios and fluvial discharge remain stable, whereas pollen results suggest continued degradation. Pollen results from the past 150 years suggest expanded cultivation of olives and the native argan tree, and the introduction of Australian eucalyptus trees. The rapidly increasing population in southern Morocco is causing continued pressure to expand pastoralism and agriculture. The history of land degradation presented here suggests that the vegetation in southern Morocco may have been degraded for a longer period than previously thought and may be particularly sensitive to further land use changes. These results should be included in land management strategies for southern Morocco.

Notes on rodents of the genus Gerbillus (Mammalia: Muridae: Gerbillinae) from Morocco / Douglas M. Lay.

v.65:no.8(1975)

The debates on citizenship in Morocco. Social movements and constitutional reform. EUSpring Working Paper No. 4, 11 August 2015

Introduction. The current debates on citizenship in Morocco are taking place in a political context marked by the events of the Arab Spring. How are political, social, legal, and identity-related dimensions of citizenship formulated in the context of a monarchy that has a long continuity in Moroccan history?

History of the reign of Ferdinand and Isabella, the Catholic /

Mode of access: Internet.

History of the reign of Ferdinand and Isabella, the Catholic.

Mode of access: Internet.

Fox's book of martyrs; or, The acts and monuments of the Christian church : being a complete history of the lives, sufferings, and deaths of the Christian martyrs; from the commencement of Christianity to the present period. To which is added an account of the Inquisition, the Bartholomew massacre in France, the general persecution under Louis XIV, the massacres in the Irish rebellions in the years 1641, and 1798, rise, progress, and persecutions of the people commonly called Quakers, together with an account of the Western martyrology, or bloody assizes; with the lives of some of the early eminent reformers ... /

This edition first published 1829 by William Borradaile, New York (Cf. title page verso)

A history of the lives, sufferings, and triumphant deaths, of the primitive as well as the Protestant martyrs, from the commencement of Christianity to the latest periods of pagan and popish persecution. To which is added an account of the Inquisition; the Bartholomew massacre; the massacre in France, and general persecution under Louis XIV.; the massacres of the Irish rebellion in the year 1641; and the recent persecutions of Protestants in the South of France.

Mode of access: Internet.

Book of martyrs : a universal history of Christian martyrdom.

Mode of access: Internet.

Book of martyrs : or, A history of the lives, sufferings, and triumphant deaths, of the primitive as well as Protestant martyrs; from the commencement of Christianity, to the latest periods of pagan and popish persecution ; to which is added, an account of the inquisition, the Bartholomew massacre in France, the general persecution under Louis XIV ; the massacre in the Irish rebellion in the year 1641, and the recent persecutions of the Protestants in the south of France ... /

"Embellished with numerous Engravings."

A History of useful arts & manufactures.

Contemporary green morocco; Education Society stamped in gold on cover.

History of the reign of Ferdinand and Isabella, the Catholic /

Mode of access: Internet.