999 resultados para Medidas biométricas


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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FMVZ

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Objetivou-se verificar o efeito de diferentes níveis de suplementação do resíduo de biodiesel oriundo do dendê, na dieta de cordeiros em confinamento. Foram utilizados 25 ovinos machos, SRD, castrados, com peso vivo médio de 20 kg. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos ao acaso, com cinco repetições por tratamento, para os dados de ganho de peso e características de carcaça. Os dados de biometria foram analisados em um esquema de parcelas subdivididas. O período experimental foi de 84 dias, com quatorze dias de adaptação e 70 dias para obtenção das variáveis estudadas. O arraçoamento foi dividido em duas refeições, às 7h:00 e 17h:00. As dietas foram compostas de 34% de feno de Panicum maximum cv. Massai e 61% de concentrado, a base de milho quebrado, farelo de soja, minerais e 5% de óleo de dendê ou resíduo de biodiesel de dendê, em níveis crescentes (zero, 25, 50, 75 e 100%), respectivamente. No inicio do período experimental e a cada 14 dias foram realizadas pesagens pela manhã, antes da primeira refeição para avaliação do desempenho e medidas biométricas e abatidos ao final do período experimental para avaliação das características de carcaça após passarem por 12 h de jejum de sólidos e dieta líquida. Foram observados efeitos significativos (p < 0,05) dos níveis de inclusão do resíduo de biodiesel oriundo de dendê. As equações de regressão apresentaram efeito linear crescente, para as variáveis: consumo de matéria seca (CMS), peso vivo (PV), ganho de peso (GPD), escore corporal (EC), comprimento corporal (CC), perímetro torácico (PT), largura de peito (PT), e quadrático para PCQ, PCF, RCQ e RB. A utilização de resíduo de biodiesel de dendê, em substituição ao óleo dendê na alimentação de cordeiros, promove efeito crescente no consumo de matéria seca e ganho de peso, melhora as características de carcaça e torna-se uma alternativa para aumentar a densidade energética de dietas para ovinos em crescimento.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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This study aimed to describe and compare the ultrasonographic alterations in dogs' eyes submitted to facectomy with or without intraocular lens implant (IOL), to assist in the diagnosis of possible alterations related to the surgical procedure and IOL implantation. Nineteen dogs with cataract (21 eyes) were submitted to phacoemulsification and late postoperative evaluation (at five years). The animals were initially submitted to complete ophthalmological exams which preceded the sonogram. Dogs were divided in three groups: (CA) aphakic dogs (n= 11); (PP) pseudophakic dogs with implantation of two IOLs in piggyback (n=5) and (PL) pseudophakic dogs with implantation of a veterinary IOL (n = 5). The ultrasound was carried under the administration of a topic local anesthetic, with a multi frequency linear transducer of 10 MHz. Biometric eye measurements were also performed. The clinical alterations observed were IOL dislocation, retinal detachment, asteroid hyalosis, and vitreous degeneration. Ultrasound examination was an excellent diagnostic tool, as it was possible to confirm and classify these changes. The piggyback implant reduced the measurements between the ciliary body and the vitreous chamber obtained from the ocular biometry when compared to other usual procedures, with no difference between the axial length and the anterior chamber.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the productive performance, metabolic and feeding behavior of sheep after ninety days deferred pasture at different heights. The experiment was conducted at Capim Branco experimental farm of the Universidade Federal de Uberlândia. During the period of 90 days, from June to September 2013, forty-eight crossbred lambs Santa Inês x Dorper, divided into groups of four animals, occupied twelve pickets deferred pasture with four initial heights (15 cm, 25 cm, 35 cm and 45 cm). During this period we evaluated the structural characteristics of pasture. For confinement, from September to December 2013, 32 of these animals were used (16 males and 16 females), divided into four bays, separated as pasture were using. The consumption was assessed daily, while biometric measurements were made every 21 days. In relation to gender, there were differences in average daily gain weight. Reviews of feeding behavior occurred at the beginning, middle and end of the experiment for 24 hours. The rumination and leisure activities do not present statistical differences, both initial height of pasture and by period. The time spent on intake was higher during the daytime both treatments starting height as the experimental periods, however, rumination activity was more intense at night. Blood glucose was achieved in five periods of the day, while other metabolites have been obtained with a collection made fortnightly. The different initial heights not promoted effects on blood glucose. The harvesting times were not affected. However, there was a reduction of basal blood glucose of animals throughout the experimental period. There was a significant interaction between the initial pasture heights and periods of evaluation of basal glucose. Cholesterol and triglyceride levels were below recommended levels, however the final phase of confinement cholesterol level increased significantly. The values of VLDL and GGT were above the reference range. FA and AST showed average values within the recommended values. Total protein was influenced by different initial heights of pasture. The creatinine and albumin had values below the recommended range. Moreover, the albumin decreased during the confinement time. Uric acid showed close to the recommended maximum. There was stabilization of compensatory growth, with modification of consumption and weight gain at 45 days of experiment.

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The fish meat has a particular chemical composition which gives its high nutritional value. However, this food is identified for being highly perishable and this aspect is often named as a barrier to fish consumption. The southwestern Paraná region, parallel to the country's reality, it is characterized by low fish consumption; and one of the strategies aimed at increasing the consumption of this important protein source is encouraging the production of other species besides tilapia. Within this context, it is necessary to know about the meat characteristics. In this sense, the objective of this study was to evaluate the technological potential of pacu, grass carp and catfish species. To do so, at first, it was discussed the chemical and biometric assessment under two distinct descriptive statistical methods, of the three species; and it was also evaluated the discriminating capacity of the study. In a second moment, an evaluation of effects done by two different processes of washing (acid and alkaline) regarding the removal of nitrogen compounds, pigments and the emulsifying ability of the proteins contained in the protein base obtained. Finally, in the third phase, it was aimed to realize the methodology optimization in GC-MS for the analysis geosmin and MIB (2-metilisoborneol) compounds that are responsible for taste/smell of soil and mold in freshwater fish. The results showed a high protein and low lipid content for the three species. The comparison between means and medians revealed symmetry only for protein values and biometric measurements. Lipids, when evaluated only by the means, overestimate the levels for all species. Correlations between body measurements and fillet yield had low correlation, regardless of the species analyzed, and the best prediction equation relates the total weight and fillet weight. The biometric variables were the best discriminating among the species. The evaluation of the washings, it was found that the acidic and basic processes were equally (p ≥ 0.05) efficient (p ≤ 0.05) for the removal of nitrogen compounds on the fish pulps. Regarding the extraction of pigments, a removal efficiency was recorded only for the pacu species, the data were assessed by the parameters L *, a *, b *. When evaluated by the total color difference (ΔE) before and after washing for both processes (acid/alkaline) the ΔE proved feasible perceived by naked eye for all species. The catfish was characterized as the fish that presents the clearest meat with the basic washing considered the most effective in removing pigments for this species. Protein bases obtained by alkaline washes have higher emulsifying capacity (p ≤ 0.05) when compared to unwashed and washed in acid process pulps. The methodology applied for the quantification of MIB and geosmin, allowed to establish that the method of extraction and purification of analytes had low recovery and future studies should be developed for identification and quantification of MIB and geosmin on fish samples.

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Diante da importância do conhecimento das respectivas regiões do lenho juvenil e adulto para a indústria de base madeireira, este estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de delimitar, por meio das metodologias de retas de regressão e do incremento anual, as regiões dos lenhos juvenil e adulto das madeiras de açoitacavalo, nogueira-pecã e plátano. O parâmetro anatômico utilizado nas delimitações foi o comprimento de fibra. Adicionalmente, foram medidas outras propriedades anatômicas: diâmetro de fibra, diâmetro de lume e espessura de fibra. As propriedades das fibras foram descritas estatisticamente em razão da diferenciação entre os lenhos proposta em cada metodologia, a fim de comparação. Conforme os métodos das retas de regressão e do incremento anual, as idades de segregação entre os lenhos foram de 21 e 19 anos para a madeira de açoitacavalo e 16 e 14 anos para a madeira de nogueira-pecã. Para a madeira de plátano, ambas as metodologias definiram que o lenho segregou com 14 anos. Pode-se verificar que não houve distinção entre os resultados obtidos com as duas metodologias de delimitação dos lenhos juvenil e adulto, exceto quanto ao comprimento de fibras do lenho juvenil. O método do incremento anual foi considerado preferencial, em razão da fonte de erro verificada no método das retas de regressão.

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The behaviour of Nafion® polymeric membranes containing acid-base dyes, bromothymol blue (BB) and methyl violet (MV), were studied aiming at constructing an optical sensor for pH measurement. BB revealed to be inadequate for developing sensing phases due to the electrostatic repulsion between negative groups of their molecules and the negative charge of the sulfonate group of the Nafion®, which causes leaching of the dye from the membrane. On the other hand, MV showed to be suitable due to the presence of positive groups in its structure. The membrane prepared from a methanolic solution whose Nafion®/dye molar ratio was 20 presented the best analytical properties, changing its color from green to violet in the pH range from 0.6 to 3.0. The membrane can be prepared with good reproducibility, presenting durability of ca. 6 months and response time of 22 s, making possible its use for pH determination in flow analysis systems.

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OBJETIVO: determinar as medidas lineares dos estágios de desenvolvimento da dentição permanente humana, usando tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC). MÉTODOS: este estudo foi desenvolvido a partir de bancos de dados de clínicas radiológicas privadas, envolvendo 18 pacientes (13 do sexo masculino, 5 do sexo feminino, com idades variando entre 3 e 20 anos). As imagens das TCFC foram obtidas por meio do sistema i-CAT e medidas com uma função específica do programa desse mesmo sistema. Duzentos e trinta e oito dentes foram analisados, em diferentes estágios de desenvolvimento, nos planos coronal e sagital. O método foi baseado na delimitação e mensuração das distâncias entre pontos anatômicos correspondentes ao desenvolvimento das coroas e raízes dentárias. A partir dos valores obtidos, pôde-se desenvolver um modelo quantitativo para se avaliar os estágios inicial e final de desenvolvimento para todos os grupos dentários. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÕES: as medidas obtidas dos diferentes grupos dentários estão de acordo com as estimativas das investigações publicadas previamente. As imagens por TCFC dos diferentes estágios de desenvolvimento podem contribuir no diagnóstico, planejamento e resultado dos tratamentos em diversas especialidades odontológicas. As dimensões das coroas e das raízes dentárias podem ter importantes aplicações clínicas e em pesquisas, constituindo uma técnica não invasiva que contribui com estudos in vivo. Entretanto, mais estudos são recomendados a fim de minimizar possíveis variáveis metodológicas.