Break through in 10 million fry production at Khutelabhata fish seed farm, Durg, Madhya Pradesh

This paper presents a resume of the work carried on the production of 10 million major carp fry by stocking at the rate of 10 million spawn per hectare in 38 nursery ponds covering 2.1 ha. water spread area at Khutelabhata fish seed farm, Durg, Madhya Pradesh. Observations made on the effect of various types of feed on survival and growth rate of Indian Major carp fry in nurseries are reported. Physico-chemical parameters and plankton populations in the three sets of nurseries are given. The experiments indicates that optimum survival rate of fry can be obtained by feeding tender spawn with animal protein feed. The economic viability of the experiment discussed shows that for a little increase in the expenditure on improved artificial food the survival and growth of fry can be enhanced.

A note on mass mortality of fish in Shivpur Talab (Madhya Pradesh)

Shivpur Talab is a perennial tank in Hoshangabad district (Madhya Pradesh) having a maximum water spread of 4 ha. It is rainfed and also draws water from a close by Tawa canal. On 21st May 1985 heavy mortality of fish was noticed in the tank. The talab was stocked with fingerlings Catla catla, Cyprinus carpio and Labeo rohita approximately one year before the date of mortality. Scientific investigation revealed that mass mortality of fish occurred due to reduction in water area of the tank which in turn brought out oxygen depletion. The paper deals with the factors which brought about mass mortality of fish in Shivpur Talab.

Preliminary observations on the availability of Tor tor (Hamilton) fry in the River Narmada near Hoshangabad, Madhya Pradesh

Collection of mahseer (Tor tor) fry during December to January from three centres of the river Narmada near Hoshangabad, (Joshipur ghat, Dungerwada ghat and Kherra ghat) using a special type of fry collection net is described. The physical features and physico-chemical conditions of the collection sites are also dealt with.

A record of Probopyrus bithynis (Richardson, 1904) in Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man) from coastal Andhra Pradesh, India, with special reference to host-parasite relationship

An incidence of bopyrid isopod infestation was observed in giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man) juveniles (40-60 mm/0.9-1.5 g) in a scampi culture farm in East Godavari district of Andhra Pradesh. The presence of parasite was observed by conspicuous boil like swelling of the branchial chamber where the parasite was found lodged on the gills. The infested gill was highly compressed and necrosed. Only one branchial chamber was infested by the parasite while the other gill was normal. The infested prawns were thin and emaciated and showed retarded growth. The parasite was identified as Probopyrus bithynis (Richardson, 1904) which caused inhibition of ventilation due to its permanent lodging in the branchial chamber and impaired the gaseous exchange by gills. It was also observed that this parasite caused parasitic castration in the infested prawns.

Constraints in fish farming practices in Uttar Pradesh, India: an analysis

Aquaculture can be considered as a rapidly growing sector in many Indian states including Uttar Pradesh. The impressive overall upward trend in fish production is likely to continue in future years as there are plenty of unutilized or underutilized fishery resources in the state. In spite of the growing popularity of aquaculture in the state, fish farmers have been experiencing financial, social and technical constraints in fish farming practices. These constraints are adversely affecting farmers in obtaining expected fish yields and income. In this study, the most common problem areas were identified, analysed and ranked on the basis of farmers' perception.

Institutional support for freshwater aquaculture development: a study of Mirzapur district of Uttar Pradesh, India

The aquaculture sector has been playing an increasingly dominating role in Indian fisheries scenario since the last two and half decades. Introduction of induced breeding and composite fish culture (CFC) technologies has changed the freshwater aquaculture sector in India. Institutional support has been one of the most crucial aspects in all fisheries development programs, more so in the Indian context where most of fish farmers are socially and economically weak. The innovation of CFC technology in freshwater aquaculture sector in the early seventies generated the need for adequate and effective institutional support to farmers. Under the freshwater aquaculture development program, the Fish Farmers Development Agencies (FFDA) have been established at district level to provide technical and extension support to the farming community besides arranging ponds on lease and supply of seeds. In addition to above, FFDAs are also expected to arrange loans from banks and provide subsidies. Thus, FFDAs are meant to provide institutional support to fish farming community in the country. In view of the above, an effort was made to study the adequacy and effectiveness of institutional support provided by the FFDA, Mirzapur for the development of aquaculture in Mirzapur district of Uttar Pradesh {U.P.), India. Study reveals that leasing of ponds for fish farming has been favourable to economically weaker sections of societies while bank loan accessibility is more for those having relatively higher economic status. Though the FFDA, Mirzapur performed well in providing training to potential fish farmers and creating awareness about fish farming, its effectiveness could not be equally seen in seed supply.

Studies on the age and growth of Labeo calbasu (Hamilton) with an exploitation pattern from the Ganga River system, Uttar Pradesh (India)

Samples were collected to study the age and growth of Labeo calbasu (Hamilton) from the river Ghaghra (Guptarghat centre, Faizabad). The scales of L. calbasu have been used for age and growth studies in present paper. Study of the marginal rings on the scales of L. calbasu indicates their annual nature. The fish attained growth in 1st 18.7 cm, 2nd 27.8 cm, 3rd 35.7 cm, 4th 41.8 cm, 5th 46.9 cm, 6th 54.9 cm and 7th 57.4 cm years of the life. The growth rate was observed 18.7, 9.1, 7.9, 6.7, 5.1, 8.0 and 2.5 cm for 1st to 7th age classes respectively. The age groups 1+ to 4+ constituted 91.17% of the total exploited population and 8.83% of remaining age groups (5+ to 7+). The maximum exploited population was observed in 2+ age group with 33.68%. Overall exploitation pattern was systematic and a good indicator for heavy recruitment.

The legitimation of risk and democracy: A case study of Bt cotton in Andhra Pradesh, India

This thesis explores the inter-related attempts to secure the legitimation of risk and democracy with regard to Bt cotton, a genetically modified crop, in the state of Andhra Pradesh in India. The research included nine months of ethnographic fieldwork, extensive library and newspaper research, as well as university attendance in India, undertaken between June, 2010 and March, 2011. This comparative study (involving organic, NPM and Bt cotton cultivation) was conducted in three villages in Telangana, a region which was granted secession from Andhra Pradesh in July, 2013, and in Hyderabad, the state capital. Andhra Pradesh is renowned for its agrarian crisis and farmer suicides, as well as for the conflict which Bt cotton represents. This study adopts the categories of legitimation developed by Van Leeuwen (2007; 2008) in order to explore the theory of risk society (Beck, 1992; 1994; 1999; 2009), and the Habermasian (1996: 356-366) core-periphery model as means of theoretically analysing democratic legitimacy. The legitimation of risk and democracy in relation to Bt cotton refers to normative views on the way in which power should be exercised with regard to risk differentiation, construction and definition. The analysis finds that the more legitimate the exercise of power, the lower the exposure to risk as a concern for the collective. This also has consequences for the way in which resources are distributed, knowledge constructed, and democratic praxis institutionalised as a concern for social and epistemic justice. The thesis argues that the struggle to legitimate risk and democracy has implications not only for the constitution of the new state of Telangana and the region’s development, but also for the emergence of global society and the future development of humanity as a whole.

Industrial Growth in Madhya Pradesh: Structure and Economic Backwardness

It examine the aspects of Madhya Pradesh’s industrial structure which throw light on the development, viability and the efficiency of not only the over all industrial sector but also some of the selected industries of the state. The major objectives of are to examine the nature and characteristics of economic backwardness in Madhya Pradesh in an inter-state comparative framework and to analyse the pace and pattern of industrial growth in Madhya Pradesh against the backdrop of liberalization. To explore the industrial structure of Madhya Pradesh using the major structural ratios and industry mix. This study has underlined some structural as well as region specific constraints to the accelerated growth of the manufacturing industry in Madhya Pradesh. The industrial structure of Madhya Pradesh is concentrated and lop-sided. This is evidenced by the dominancy of single industry, basic metal and alloys. A diversified industrial structure is essential for promoting interdependent growth of the manufacturing industry based on the inter-industry linkages and agglomeration. The thesis gives a broad spectrum of regional disparities in development and evidence for Madhya Pradesh’s backwardness also portrayed and reflects the changing industrial structure of the state.

Impact of biomass burning on aerosol properties over tropical wet evergreen forests of Arunachal Pradesh, India

A Survey of Medical College Libraries in Andhra Pradesh, India

Data was collected from 22 selected medical college libraries and 526 undergraduate and postgraduate medical students, using a survey. The article presents a list of findings and recommendations based on them to improve the services of medical college libraries in Andhra Pradesh.

Rural development and communication: a community media project in Uttar Pradesh (India)

Loaded with 16% of the world’s population, India is a challenged country. More than a third of its citizens live below the poverty line - on less than a dollar a day. These people have no proper electricity, no proper drinking water supply, no proper sanitary facilities and well over 40% are illiterates. More than 65% live in rural areas and 60% earn their livelihood from agriculture. Only a meagre 3.63% have access to telephone and less than 1% have access to a computer. Therefore, providing access to timely information on agriculture, weather, social, health care, employment, fishing, is of utmost importance to improve the conditions of rural poor. After some introductive chapters, whose function is to provide a comprehensive framework – both theoretical and practical – of the current rural development policies and of the media situation in India and Uttar Pradesh, my dissertation presents the findings of the pilot project entitled “Enhancing development support to rural masses through community media activity”, launched in 2005 by the Department of Mass Communication and Journalism of the Faculty of Arts of the University of Lucknow (U.P.) and by the local NGO Bharosa. The project scope was to involve rural people and farmers from two villages of the district of Lucknow (namely Kumhrava and Barhi Gaghi) in a three-year participatory community media project, based on the creation, implementation and use of a rural community newspaper and a rural community internet centre. Community media projects like this one have been rarely carried out in India because the country has no proper community media tradition: therefore the development of the project has been a challenge for the all stakeholders involved.

Prismatine and Ferrohogbomite-2N2S in Granulite-Facies Fe-Oxide Lenses in the Eastern Ghats Belt at Venugopalapuram, Vizianagaram District, Andhra Pradesh, India: Do Such Lenses Have a Tourmaline-Enriched Lateritic Precursor?

Fluorine-rich prismatine, (square,Fe,Mg)(Mg,Al,Fe)(5)Al-4(Si,B,Al)(5)O-21(OH,F), with F/(OH+F) = 0.36-0.40 and hercynite are major constituents of a Fe-Al-B-rich lens in ultrahigh-temperature granulite-facies quartz-sillimanite-hypersthene-cordierite gneisses of the Eastern Ghats belt, Andhra Pradesh, India. Hemo-ilmenite. sapphirine, magnetite, biotite and sillimanite are subordinate. Lithium, Be and B are concentrated in prismatine (140 ppm Li, 170 ppm Be, and 2.8-3.0 wt.% B2O3). Another Fe-rich lens is dominantly magnetite, which encloses fine-grained zincian ferrohogbomite-2N2S, (Fe2+ Mg,Zn,Al)(6) (Al,Fe3+,Ti)(16)O-30(OH)(2), containing minor Ga2O3 (0.30-0.92 wt.%). Fe-Al-B-rich lenses with prismatine (or kornerupine) constitute a distinctive type of B-enrichment in granulite-facies rocks and have been reported from four other localities worldwide. A scenario involving a tourmaline-enriched lateritic precursor affected by dehydration melting is our preferred explanation for the origin of the Fe-Al-B-rich lenses at the five localities. Whole-rock analyses and field relationships at another of these localities, Bok se Puts, Namaqualand, South Africa, are consistent with this scenario. Under granulite-facies conditions, tourmaline would have broken down to give korner-upine-prismatine ( other borosilicates) plus a sodic melt containing H2O and B. Removal of this melt depleted the rock in Na and B, but the formation of ferromagnesian borosilicate phases in the restite prevented total loss of B.

From school to work : Muslim youths' education and employment strategies in a community in Uttar Pradesh, India

India's Muslim community, which accounts for 14.4 percent of India’s vast population and is thus the largest of all religious minorities, has been the subject of considerable development discourse as Muslims have the lowest level of educational attainment and standard of living among socio-religious groups in the country. This study addresses the meaning of education and career opportunities for Muslim youths in relation to their educational credentials and social position in the hierarchy of Muslim class and caste groups, with particular reference to a community in Uttar Pradesh. The author contends that the career opportunities, possibilities, and strategies of Muslim youths in Indian society depend on multiple factors: social hierarchy, opportunities to utilize economic resources, social networks, cultural capital, and the wider structural disparities within which the Muslims are situated and wherein they question the value of higher education in gaining them admission to socially recognized and established employment sectors.