Report of the Joint Select Committee to Inquire into the Condition of Affairs in the Late Insurrectionary States /

John Scott, Chairman. Report presented by L.P. Poland.

A Ku-band active transmit-array module with a horn or patch array as a signal launching/receiving device

This paper is concerned with the design of a Ku-band active transmit-array module of transistor amplifiers excited by either a pyramidal horn or a patch array Optimal distances between the active transmit array and the signal-launching:receiving device, which is either a passive corporate-fed array or a horn, are determined to maximise the power gain at a design frequency: Having established these conditions, the complete structure is investigated in terms of operational bandwidth and near-field and far-field distributions measured at the output side of the transmit array, The experimental results show that the use of a corporate-fed array as an illuminating/receiving device gives higher gain and significantly larger operational bandwidth, An explanation for this behavior is sought.

Designing a 161-element Ku-band microstrip reflectarray of variable size patches using an equivalent unit cell waveguide approach

An equivalent unit cell waveguide approach (WGA) to designing 4 multilayer microstrip reflectarray of variable size patches is presented. In this approach, a normal incidence of a plane wave on an infinite periodic array of radiating elements is considered to obtain reflection coefficient phase curves for the reflectarray's elements. It is shown that this problem is equivalent to the problem of reflection of the dominant TEM mode in a waveguide with patches interleaved by layers of dielectric. This waveguide problem is solved using a field matching technique and a method of moments (MoM). Based on this solution, a fast computer algorithm is developed to generate reflection coefficient phase curves for a multilayer microstrip patch reflectarray. The validity of the developed algorithm is tested against alternative approaches and Agilent High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS). Having confirmed the validity of the WGA approach, a small offset feed two-layer microstrip patch array is designed and developed. This reflectarray is tested experimentally and shows good performance.

Relocalization of telomeric Ku and SIR proteins in response to DNA strand breaks in yeast.

Telomeric TG-rich repeats and their associated proteins protect the termini of eukaryotic chromosomes from end-to-end fusions. Associated with the cap structure at yeast telomeres is a subtelomeric domain of heterochromatin, containing the silent information regulator (SIR) complex. The Ku70/80 heterodimer (yKu) is associated both with the chromosome end and with subtelomeric chromatin. Surprisingly, both yKu and the chromatin-associated Rap1 and SIR proteins are released from telomeres in a RAD9-dependent response to DNA damage. yKu is recruited rapidly to double-strand cuts, while low levels of SIR proteins are detected near cleavage sites at later time points. Consistently, yKu- or SIR-deficient strains are hypersensitive to DNA-damaging agents. The release of yKu from telomeric chromatin may allow efficient scanning of the genome for DNA strand breaks.

Ku-deficient yeast strains exhibit alternative states of silencing competence.

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, efficient silencer function requires telomere proximity, i.e. compartments of the nucleoplasm enriched in silencing factors. Accordingly, silencers located far from telomeres function inefficiently. We show here that cells lacking yKu balance between two mitotically stable states of silencing competence. In one, a partial delocalization of telomeres and silencing factors throughout the nucleoplasm correlates with enhanced silencing at a non-telomeric locus, while in the other, telomeres retain their focal pattern of distribution and there is no repression at the non-telomeric locus, as observed in wild-type cells. The two states also differ in their level of residual telomeric silencing. These findings indicate the existence of a yKu-independent pathway of telomere clustering and Sir localization. Interestingly, this pathway appears to be under epigenetic control.

Mutation of yeast Ku genes disrupts the subnuclear organization of telomeres.

The mammalian Ku70 and Ku86 proteins form a heterodimer that binds to the ends of double-stranded DNA in vitro and is required for repair of radiation-induced strand breaks and V(D)J recombination [1,2]. Deletion of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genes HDF1 and HDF2--encoding yKu70p and yKu80p, respectively--enhances radiation sensitivity in a rad52 background [3,4]. In addition to repair defects, the length of the TG-rich repeat on yeast telomere ends shortens dramatically [5,6]. We have shown previously that in yeast interphase nuclei, telomeres are clustered in a limited number of foci near the nuclear periphery [7], but the elements that mediate this localization remained unknown. We report here that deletion of the genes encoding yKu70p or its partner yKu80p altered the positioning of telomeric DNA in the yeast nucleus. These are the first mutants shown to affect the subnuclear localization of telomeres. Strains deficient for either yKu70p or yKu80p lost telomeric silencing, although they maintained repression at the silent mating-type loci. In addition, the telomere-associated silencing factors Sir3p and Sir4p and the TG-repeat-binding protein Rap1p lost their punctate pattern of staining and became dispersed throughout the nucleoplasm. Our results implicate the yeast Ku proteins directly in aspects of telomere organization, which in turn affects the repression of telomere-proximal genes.

"Ja sit ku" : myöhäisleikki-ikäisen lapsen käsitys hoitotyöstä

Opinnäytetyömme tarkoituksena oli selvittää myöhäisleikki-ikäisen eli 4-6-vuotiaan lapsen käsitys hoitotyöstä. Opinnäytetyömme on osa tutkimus- ja kehittämishanketta "Musiikki ja draama lapsen kivun- ja pelonlievittäjinä". Hankkeen osapuolia ovat Helsingin ammattikorkeakoulu Stadian lisäksi Helsingin ja Uudenmaan sairaanhoitopiirin Lasten ja nuorten sairaala sekä Turun yliopisto. Hankkeen tarkoituksena on selvittää, miten draamaa ja musiikkia voidaan käyttää lasten kivun- ja pelonlievitykseen sekä kehittää kulttuurisia kivun- ja pelonlievitysmenetelmiä lasten hoitotyön käyttöön. Käytimme aineiston keruumenetelmänä sadutusta, jonka tarkoituksena on saada lapsen ääni kuuluviin. Toteutimme sadutukset eräässä helsinkiläisessä päiväkodissa. Sadutimme yhteensä 16 lasta, joista 11 kertoi sadun. Annoimme satuihin valmiin aiheen pyytämällä kutakin lasta kertomaan sadun sairaalasta. Analysoimme lasten kertomat sadut induktiivisesti sisällön analyysillä. Keräsimme saduista analyysiyksiköt, joista muodostimme pelkistetyt ilmaisut. Ryhmittelimme ilmaisut kategorioiksi, jotka nimesimme. Tulokseksi saimme käsitekartan, joka jakautui kahdeksi yläkategoriaksi ja edelleen väli- ja alakategorioiksi. Tulosten mukaan myöhäisleikki-ikäisten lasten mielikuvissa hoitotyöhön sisältyy sairaalaan tuleminen ja siellä oleminen. Sairaalaan tuleminen -kategoria sisältää siirtymisen sairaalaan ja sieltä pois sekä terveydentilan muutoksen. Sairaalassa oleminen -kategoria puolestaan sisältää toiminnan sairaalassa, palkitsemisen, houkuttelun sekä sairaalaympäristön. Opinnäytetyömme tulokseksi saamaamme käsitekarttaa ja siitä tehtäviä johtopäätöksiä voidaan hyödyntää jatkossa "Musiikki ja draama lapsen kivun- ja pelonlievittäjinä" -hankkeessa, kun kehitetään kulttuurisia kivun- ja pelonlievitysmenetelmiä lasten hoitotyöhön. Työ tuottaa myös uutta tietoa sadutuksesta aineiston keruumenetelmänä.

Joillekkik kävi melkeim bussi ku pussi - soinnillisten klusiilien b, d, g variaatiosta nykypuhekielessä

Summary: Variation in the voiced plosives b, d and g in modern spoken Finnish

Semmosta joutilaan työtä ku ei olis ollu muuta : pirtanauhojen kudontaa ja kutojia Itämeren alueella

Summary: Weaving and the weavers of warp-patterned bands and belts in the Baltic Sea Region