Job description and classification manual : for hourly rated production, maintenance and non-confidential clerical jobs, January 1, 1953.

Mode of access: Internet.

Ability assessment and job structure measures in occupational mobility

Recent and potential changes in technology have resulted in the anticipation of increases in the frequency of job changes. This has led manpower policy makers to investigate the feasibility of incorporating the employment skills of job groups in the general prediction of future job learning and performance with a view to the establishment of "job families" within which transfer might be considered reciprocally high. A structured job analysis instrument (the Position Analysis Questionnaire) is evaluated in terms of two distinct sets of scores; job dimensions and synthetically established attribute/trait profiles. Studies demonstrate that estimates of a job's structure/dimensions and requisite human attributes can be reliably established. Three alternative techniques of statistically assembling profiles of the requisite human attributes for jobs are found to have differential levels of reliability and differential degrees of validity in their estimation of the "actual" ability requirements of jobs. The utility of these two sets of job descriptors to serve as representations of the cognitive structure similarity of job groups is investigated in a study which simulates a job transfer situation. The central role of the index of similarity used to assess the relationship between "target" and "present" job is demonstrated. The relative extents to which job structure similarity and job attribute similariity are associated with positive transfer are investigated. The studies demonstrate that the dimensions of jobs, and more fruitfully their requisite human attributes can serve as bases to predict job transfer learning and performance. The nature of the index of similarity used to optimally formulate predictions of transfer is such that networks of jobs might be establishable to which current job incumbents could be expected to transfer positively. The derivation of "job families" with anticipated reciprocal transfer consequences is considered to be less appropriate.

Appraisal ratings, halo, and selection: A study using sales staff

Supervisor ratings are useful criteria for the validation of selection instruments but maybe limited because of the presence of rating errors, such as halo. This study set out to show that supervisor ratings which are high in halo remain successful criteria in selection. Following a thorough job analysis, a customer service questionnaire was designed to assess the potential of retail sales staff on three orthogonal subscales labelled Dealing with people, Emotions and energy, and Solitary style. These subscales were uncorrelated with supervisor ratings made about 8 weeks later. However, the supervisor ratings were correlated with an overall scale derived from the three scales of the customer service questionnaire. These results support the view that supervisor ratings generally consist of global impressions and suggest that these global impressions are useful measures of overall performances. This field study confirms laboratory results that halo does not necessarily reduce rating accuracy.

Clínica da atividade e cartografia : construindo metodologias de análise do trabalho

As questões formuladas no artigo foram disparadas por experiências vividas ao longo dos últimos anos em pesquisas que partem do princípio de que a temática saúde e trabalho, como objeto de investigação científica, tem uma especificidade que não pode ser tomada com posturas de exterritorialidade no que diz respeito à relação do pesquisador e do objeto a ser investigado. As questões dos mundos do trabalho não podem estar baseadas apenas em quadros analíticos construídos a partir de um distanciamento da complexidade engendrada onde o trabalho acontece. Propõe-se uma direção metodológica de pesquisa que articula investigação e intervenção na direção do diálogo, da interlocução entre os diferentes saberes - disciplinares ou não - com o objetivo de potencializar estratégias utilizadas pelos trabalhadores para lidar com a variabilidade das situações de trabalho. Com esse objetivo, traz a contribuição da Clínica da Atividade como importante ferramenta metodológica.

Prevalência de sintomas de lesões músculo-esqueléticas ligadas ao trabalho: contributos para a intervenção centrada no trabalhador

Mestrado em Intervenção Sócio-Organizacional na Saúde - Área de especialização: Qualidade e Tecnologias da Saúde.

Tukkumyyjästä valikoimaneuvojaksi - toimenkuvan määrittämisen vaiheet

The goal of this research was to describe what are the stages to determining the job describtion of Category Adviser, what are the main tasks and compe¬tences of the Category Adviser and how the co-operation with his interest groups was build. The title of Category Adviser was greated in Rautakesko Ltd. in year 2001 and it is partly comparable with the work of a Sales Representa¬tive. The goal of a Category Adviser is to support retail sales and act between wholesales and retail sales. The theoretical portion of this thesis was done as a study of existing literature of ECR and Category Management, individual competencies, job description and the work of Sales Representatives. The theoretical framework of the thesis is named as "stages to determining the job description of Sales Representative who follows the practices of Category Management". The empirical approach was qualitative and the data was collected by theme interviews and the existing written documents from the company. The empirical findings supported mainly the theoretical framework and a model of "stages to determining the job description of Category Adviser" was build. It created new information because the job title is not being used in other compa¬nies and the environment where Category Adviser acts at the same time as member of retail chain and a supplier is quite unique in Finland. The stages to determining of job description are being governed by the changes in retail sector, Category Management and the retail chain business strategy. The goals of ECR-model and its demands for competence, tasks and organiza¬tional structure also affect the stages to job description. One should also follow the guidelines of job analysis and rules of defining the tasks in written job desciption. The most significant thing affecting the process was retail chain business strategy. It started the process and it affects the environment where Category Adviser works. The study also proved that the co-operation between the interest groups is vey importand but it must be defined in a better way. Through that the co-operation will be better and the work of Category Adviser will be more efficient.

Some theoretical and methodological considerations for the development of a critical competences model (CCM): an operant approach

This paper develops some theoretical and methodological considerations for the development of a critical competence model (CCM). The model is defined as a set of skills and knowledge functionally organized allowing measurable results with positive consequences for the strategic business objectives. The theoretical approaches of classical model of competences, the contemporary model of competencies and human competencies model were revised for the proposal development. implementation of the model includes 5 steps: 1) conducting a job analysis considering which dimensions or facets are subject to revision, 2) identify people with the opposite performance (the higher performance and lower performance); 3) identify critical incidents most relevant to the job position, 4) develop behavioral expectation scales (bes) and 5) validate BES obtained for experts in the field. As a final consideration, is determined that the competence models require accurate measurement. Approaches considering excessive theoreticism may cause the issue of competence become a fashion business with low or minimal impact, affecting its validity, reliability and deployment in organizations.

Hombro doloroso en trabajadores afiliados a eps-privada

Objetivo: Describir los elementos diagnósticos de la patología de hombro doloroso, en trabajadores calificados en medicina laboral EPS-privada, Bogotá (Colombia), año 2012. Método: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal sobre una muestra de trabajadores afiliados a EPS-privada año 2012 calificados por patología de hombro doloroso de origen profesional. La muestra estudiada fue de 343 registros de trabajadores, que representa el 2.3% del total de la enfermedades profesionales y accidentes de trabajo de todas las patologías calificadas. Resultados: Los diagnósticos de hombro doloroso encontrados son: Bursitis 91.54%, Manguito Rotador 6.13% y otros 2.33%. En el 100% de los casos de manguito rotador secundarios a accidentes de trabajo solo se les practicó rayos X. Para los casos de enfermedad laboral, bursitis y otros, los laboratorios practicados en el 100% de los casos fueron factor reumatoide, velocidad de eritro-sedimentación y proteína C reactiva. Las interconsultas médicas por fisiatría fueron el 100% y ortopedia el 81%; en el 30% fue necesario la realización de resonancia nuclear magnética y tomografía axial computarizada en el 44%. Se les realizó análisis de puesto de trabajo empleando el método ANSI al 61% y RULA al 32%. Conclusión: Con los elementos diagnósticos empleados en la calificación de las patologías de hombro doloroso en medicina laboral EPS-privada, Bogotá (Colombia), año 2012, solo se logra diagnosticar la Bursitis y el Manguito Rotador. Dentro de otros diagnósticos se encuentra una gran oportunidad para afinar los elementos que permitan establecer con certeza la entidad nosológica.

Fatigue and workability in Brazilian textile companies in different corporate social responsibility score groups

The aim of this study was to evaluate working conditions in the textile industry for different stages of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) development, and workers` perception of fatigue and workability. A cross-sectional study was undertaken with 126 workers in the production areas of five Brazilian textile plants. The corporate executive officers and managers of each company provided their personal evaluations of CSR. Companies were divided into 2 groups (higher and lower) of CSR scores. Workers completed questionnaires on fatigue, workability and working conditions. Ergonomic job analysis showed similar results for working conditions, independent of their CSR score. Multivariate analysis models were developed for fatigue and workability, indicating that they are both associated to factors related to working conditions and individual workers` characteristics and life styles. Work organization, (what, how, when, where and for how long the work is done), is also an associated factor for fatigue. This study suggests that workers` opinions should be taken into greater consideration when companies develop their CSR programs, in particular for those relating to working conditions. Relevance to industry: This paper underlines the importance of considering working conditions and workers` opinions of them, work organization and individual workers` characteristics and life styles in order to restore or to maintain workability and to reduce fatigue, independently of how developed a company may be in the field of Corporate Social Responsibility. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

A tarefa crítica: uma nova perspectiva em analise ocupacional

Uma nova abordagem sobre Análise de Trabalho é o que norteia esta dissertação. Partindo de uma. avaliação preliminar sobre as metodologias existentes, visa oferecer uma perspectiva inovadora no plano técnico e metodológico, através de um m:x3.elo especifico, aqui, denominado - TAREFA CRÍTICA. Nesta trajetória a temática envolve, preliminarmente, uma. reavaliação em termos organizacionais dos aspectos administrativos e comportamentais, vinculados ao estudo do trabalho humano. Sucessivamente, são postos em discussão os problemas específicos das metodologias utilizadas em Análise de Trabalhe, revistos em suas noções básicas. Esta primeira avaliação permite enfrentar uma análise subsequente englobando uma revisão dos métodos, através de termos coordenadores aptos a levantar a diretriz lógica dos processos classificatórios existentes. Desta forma, são fixados e discutidos critérios destinados a classificar as classificações dos métodos, no intuito de se entender a própria lógica subjacente ao sentido e aos objetivos de cada um. A Análise, até certo ponto, exaustiva desses termos, além de propiciar a sistematização conceitual da relação e interação dos métodos frente aos seus objetivos e respectivos resultados, conduziu à proposta metodológica que constitui objeto desta tese. A TAREFA CRÍTICA pretende conciliar, definitivamente, a análise do binômio trabalho-trabalhador, pelo emprego de um raciocínio em parte construtivista, e em parte essencialista; superando, de um lado, os radicalismos operacionais e, de outro, os impasses empiristas em análise de Trabalho. Seu desenvolvimento se originou da hipótese de que sempre há um núcleo fundamental no comportamento do trabalhador a ser definido a partir dos eventos ou dados positivos do trabalho, e susceptivel de explicitar uma significação enucleada nas metas organizacionais que lhe correspondem.

Informação e organização: um modelo de diagnostico e intervenção na administração da universidade

Este trabalho, concebido dentro de uma perspectiva humanista, propõe-se a elaborar e testar um modelo de Diagnóstico e Intervenção Organizacional. A abordagem sistêmica permitiu a aplicação de conceitos da Teoria da Informação, tendo em vista a ideia de se elaborar uma sistemática de tratamento de dados coleta dos, que possibilite uma nova forma de Descrição de Cargos e consequente Especificações de Trabalho. O objetivo de tal colocação visa minorar as principais falhas existentes na passagem ' dos requisitos de Trabalho às Especificações decorrentes, tornando este "salto" menos subjetivo, mais operacional e melhor quantificável. Por outro lado, o tratamento de dados à luz da Teoria da Informação, permite a elaboração de novas categorizações e avaliações para fins psicológicos. Além de se obter uma classificação objetiva, operacional e dinâmica em termos de análise de trabalho, são formulados novos recursos com vista s a uma seleção adequada, um tratamento útil e específico, fundamentados nos elementos discriminantes de cada cargo. Finalmente, através de uma análise da estrutura e da dinâmica de uma organização específica, fundamentada em processos de análise de trabalho e de avaliação de pessoal, baseadas na teoria da, informação é também possível planejar-se mudanças organizacionais - com perspectivas ergonômicas - na área considera da crítica, para minimizar a eficiência dos recursos humanos de uma organização, isto é, a adaptação do trabalho ao Homem.

Characterization of operational safety in offshore oil wells

The main concern of activities developed in oil and gas well construction is safety. But safety during the well construction process is not a trivial subject. Today risk evaluation approaches are based in static analyses of existent systems. In other words, those approaches do not allow a dynamic analysis that evaluates the risk for each alteration of the context. This paper proposes the use of Quantitative and Dynamic Risk Assessment (QDRA) to assess the degree of safety of each planned job. The QDRA can be understood as a safe job analysis approach, developed with the purpose of quantifying the safety degree in entire well construction and maintenance activities. The QDRA is intended to be used in the planning stages of well construction and maintenance, where the effects of hazard on job sequence are important unknowns. This paper also presents definitions of barrier, and barriers integrated set (BIS), and a modeling technique showing their relationships. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Virtual simulator for mobile robots navigation systems

This paper presents the virtual environment implementation for project simulation and conception of supervision and control systems for mobile robots, that are capable to operate and adapting in different environments and conditions. This virtual system has as purpose to facilitate the development of embedded architecture systems, emphasizing the implementation of tools that allow the simulation of the kinematic conditions, dynamic and control, with real time monitoring of all important system points. For this, an open control architecture is proposal, integrating the two main techniques of robotic control implementation in the hardware level: systems microprocessors and reconfigurable hardware devices. The implemented simulator system is composed of a trajectory generating module, a kinematic and dynamic simulator module and of a analysis module of results and errors. All the kinematic and dynamic results shown during the simulation can be evaluated and visualized in graphs and tables formats, in the results analysis module, allowing an improvement in the system, minimizing the errors with the necessary adjustments optimization. For controller implementation in the embedded system, it uses the rapid prototyping, that is the technology that allows, in set with the virtual simulation environment, the development of a controller project for mobile robots. The validation and tests had been accomplish with nonholonomics mobile robots models with diferencial transmission. © 2008 IEEE.

Métodos de seleção de pessoal: discussões preliminares sob o enfoque do behaviorismo radical

A seleção de pessoal visa a introduzir na organização os candidatos mais apropriados as suas necessidades. Existe uma carência de literatura behaviorista radical acerca desse tema, sendo necessário o desenvolvimento de trabalhos que orientem atuações coerentes com essa teoria. O objetivo deste estudo é discutir os métodos utilizados na seleção à luz dos pressupostos conceituais do behaviorismo radical. Os métodos de seleção existentes são analisados e discutidos em termos de aumento do controle das variáveis presentes no contexto da seleção a fim de proceder à identificação dos repertórios comportamentais dos candidatos. Propõe-se uma análise de cargo baseada nos conceitos behavioristas, discute-se a possibilidade de condução de entrevistas de seleção focadas no comportamento bem como o uso de técnicas de simulação que permitam a identificação de repertórios comportamentais. Conclui-se que é necessário desenvolver discussões teóricas e instrumentos operacionais facilitadores de uma prática psicológica vinculada aos pressupostos behavioristas radicais.

The Psychosocial Quality of Nursing Home Work

Trained observers used components of the functional job analysis technique to categorize 3,371 tasks performed by 214 nursing assistants in four nursing homes on five occasions over 12 months. The extent to which each task was oriented toward residents versus data or things was coded along with the "level of complexity" of each of these orientations. A psychosocial index was created by multiplying orientation by complexity. Three questions structured the analyses: (a) To what extent do nursing assistants' tasks involve interacting with residents, as opposed to focusing on data or manipulating things? (b) How complex are these tasks? (c) What are the implications of the task analysis data for assessing the quality of psychosocial care? Findings reveal that even among the direct care tasks (69% of total), the orientation was not predominantly toward the resident. Functional complexity of the tasks observed was consistently low. Those task types with the greatest psychosocial quality were those performed least frequently and vice versa. Implications of these results for restructuring nursing assistants' work are discussed.