879 resultados para Interpretação perfis geofísicos
Resumo:
The Golfinho Field is located in the offshore region of the Espírito Santo Basin. Its importance is linked to the current average production about 19,000 barrels of oil per day, in turbidite reservoirs , giving it the nineteenth placement among the largest oil fields producing of Brazil. By interpretation and correlation’s methods based on 2D seismic sections and geophysical well logs, the study of tectonic-sedimentary evolution of major Golfinho Field’s reservoirs, which are located in Maastrichtian , aims understand and characterize the geological model of the area for the purpose of identify the main structures and types of reservoirs, improving the geological understanding of the area and using this knowledge at similar sets, that may present exploratory success in similar cases. By structural contour maps and geological cross-sections generated since time-depth conversion , the results defined for the geological model of the area , two distinct tectonic styles: a distensinal tectonics style , characterized by grabens and horsts , which belongs to rift phase, and a salt tectonics style, characterized by salt domes , listric faults and folds rolllover folds type, which belongs to marine phase . The interpretation of seismic sections and subsequent analysis of the main deformations present in the Maastrichtian reservoirs rocks ( turbidites ) showed that the northern region of the field is the most affected by salt tectonics . As for reservoirs, it was concluded to be associated to tectonics formed by rollover folds type, being older than listric faults
Resumo:
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Resumo:
Os folhelhos pretos devonianos da Formação Barreirinha caracterizamse pela alta radioatividade na porção basal, grande extensão areal, espessura e profundidade de soterramento variável que vão de exposição na superfície até mais de 3000 m. Eles são as principais rochas geradoras do sistema petrolífero convencional da Bacia do Amazonas, e recentemente foram consideradas como promissores plays de gás não convencional. Folhelhos são geralmente caracterizados por uma matriz fechada, que faz com que sejam relativamente impermeáveis em relação ao fluxo de gás, a menos que ocorram fraturas, e dependendo das suas características geológicas e geoquímicas podem funcionar com um Sistema Petrolífero autossuficiente, atuando tanto como rocha fonte, quanto como reservatório de gás (reservatório Shale Gas). Assim, o gás natural termogênico ou biogênico gerado pode ser armazenado em folhelhos ricos em matéria orgânica na forma livre, adsorvida, ou em estado dissolvido. Em contraste com os sistemas petrolíferos convencionais, reservatórios Shale Gas, possuem mecanismos de aprisionamento e armazenamento únicos, sendo necessária a utilização de técnicas de avaliações específicas. No entanto, folhelhos prolíficos geralmente podem ser reconhecidos a partir de alguns parâmetros básicos: arquitetura geológica e sedimentar, propriedades geoquímicas e petrofísicas e composição mineralógica. Tendo em vista a carência de pesquisas de caráter descritivo, com cunho exploratório dos folhelhos geradores da Formação Barreirinha, esta dissertação tem como objetivo introduzir uma metodologia de identificação de intervalos de folhelho gerador com potencial para reservatório Shale Gas. Começando com uma investigação regional sobre o contexto geológico e sedimentar, seguido de uma avaliação abrangente enfocando as características geoquímicas, petrofísicas e litofácies dos folhelhos a partir da integração de parâmetros obtidos de perfis geofísicos de poço, análises geoquímicas e aplicação dos conceitos de Estratigrafia de Sequencia.
Resumo:
O presente estudo centra‐se na conceptualização de pormenor do modelo de circulação do aquífero termomineral de Chaves na sua zona de descarga no campo hidromineral e geotérmico de Chaves (Norte de Portugal). Para tal, utilizam‐se as informações resultantes da bibliografia disponível, da construção das captações de água termomineral AC1 e AC2, já existentes, e, principalmente, as informações obtidas a partir dos trabalhos de pesquisa, prospecção e construção da captação CC3, obra desenvolvida no ano de 2014 para reforço de caudal das Caldas de Chaves. Incidindo fundamentalmente na análise de perfis geofísicos, de parâmetros de perfuração, “cuttings” e diagrafias diferidas inerentes à sondagem de pesquisa CC3, e da sua posterior transformação em captação, integrando‐se posteriormente toda a informação daí resultante, o estudo culmina na apresentação de um modelo conceptual de pormenor para a circulação de águas tipo “Chaves” na zona de descarga que permite, com considerável robustez, à luz dos dados conhecidos à presente data, o melhor conhecimento do aquífero para futuros projectos de desenvolvimento dos recursos hidrominerais e geotérmicos de Chaves.
Resumo:
A seqüência evaporítica Aptiana da Bacia de Santos constitui-se num dos maiores depósitos salíferos antigos conhecidos no mundo, tanto em área como em espessura. Esta última chega a atingir 2.500 m em alguns locais com baixa deformação. Devido à intensa halocinese ocorrida a partir do Albiano, sua estratificação deposicional ficou preservada em poucos locais. O Platô de São Paulo, feição fisiográfica que se estende até as águas profundas da Bacia de Santos, teve papel importante na preservação do acamadamento original. Dois poços e traços de uma seção sísmica, localizados nesta área, foram utilizados para o estudo cicloestratigráfico do pacote evaporítico. A correlação dos dois poços, a partir de seus perfis geofísicos, permitiu a identificação de um ciclo evaporítico principal com grande continuidade lateral e de espessura variável. Este ciclo deposicional foi classificado como do tipo brining upward/downward, e caracteriza-se pela precipitação rítmica de anidrita, halita, sais complexos, halita e, novamente, anidrita, no final de um ciclo e início do seguinte. Esta ordem de deposição foi interpretada como função da variação da espessura da lâmina de água e da concentração da salmoura. A análise cicloestratigráfica dos perfis geofísicos dos dois poços (raios gama, velocidade e densidade) e dos dois traços sísmicos resultou na correlação do principal ciclo identificado com o ciclo orbital de Milankovich de precessão longa, com 22 ka. Um outro ciclo secundário, com maior espessura, foi interpretado como resultado de variações climáticas em função do ciclo de obliqüidade, com um período de 39 ka. As taxas de deposição de cada ciclo são bastante variáveis em função da quantidade de cada tipo de evaporito. Através das análises cicloestratigráficas e do estudo das proporções em que cada sal ocorre, chegou-se a uma taxa de deposição da halita entre 10 e 11,5 m/ka, e de 0,61 a 0,64 m/ka para a anidrita. Esta diferença entre as taxas de deposição da halita e da anidrita explica a grande variação de espessura do ciclo principal, especialmente entre o depocentro e a borda da bacia. A menor concentração da salmoura nas proximidades da borda justifica uma menor espessura do ciclo e uma proporção bem maior de anidrita, quando se compara com uma deposição próxima ao depocentro. A cicloestratigrafia aplicada aos traços sísmicos apresentou resultados similares aos encontrados nos dois poços. A grande variação das propriedades físicas entre os diferentes tipos de evaporitos, especialmente entre a anidrita e os sais complexos, permite a intercalação de refletores com grande amplitude e continuidade. Foram contabilizados 22 ciclos nos dois traços analisados, os quais somados com o nível superior não analisado, mais rico em anidrita, totalizam 573 ka para a idade da seqüência evaporítica. Este resultado, mais os encontrados nos dois poços, permite uma previsão de tempo para a deposição de toda a seqüência entre 400 e 600 ka. Como um modelo mais provável para a deposição de toda a seqüência evaporítica, defende-se, neste trabalho, a hipótese de uma bacia profunda com lâmina de água também profunda. Os ciclos teriam se depositados a partir de mudanças de concentração da salmoura originadas pela variação de uma lâmina de água de cerca de 1000 m, na deposição da anidrita, para menos de 200 na deposição dos sais complexos, na parte mais profunda da bacia. Corroboram para este modelo, a grande continuidade, do depocentro até as bordas, das camadas de cada ciclo, a declividade, mesmo que bastante baixa, da bacia e a impossibilidade de valores de taxas de subsidência similares aos de deposição do ciclo evaporítico.
Resumo:
The main purpose of this study is to present complementary information on eolian systems that occur in the Center-South portion of the city of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil. The investigation focused on the identification of eolian units, absolute luminescence dating of eolian sediments, to geophysical analysis by Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), as well as qualitative identification of the use and terrain occupation in the study area. A map was elaborated in order to separate eolian geological units, and describe their deposicional and erosional characteristics, by aerial photo-interpretation. The study lead to the identification of six main units: Unit I - Blowouts (BW), Unit II - Active dunes field (DA), Unit III - Fixed dunes field (DF), Unit IV - Parabolic dunes field (DP), Unit V - Red parabolic dunes field (DV) and Unit VI - Devastated dunes surface (SD). Were analised by Termoluminescense (TL) Method Eight samples from units I, III, IV and V. The largest number of samples with similar or close resulted yielded ages about 15,000 years. Two GPR profiles were obtained in areas of the Dunes Park, near the "Natal s Conventions Center". Results showed the migration a new dune generation over on older one, the geologic contact between dunes and the Formação Barreiras (FB), and the groundwater level inside the dune unit. The qualitative study on the use and terrain occupation of the soil in some dunes fields in the study area, it was possible identify some use and occupation, as the following ones: the construction of residential and commercial buildings, dunes fields cutted for construction to access road and garbage deposition
Resumo:
This study has as a main objective to make a detailed stratigraphic analysis of the Aptian-Albian interval in the east part of Araripe Basin, NE of Brazil which correspond, litostratigraphically, to Rio Da Batateira, Crato, Ipubi and Romualdo formations. The stratigraphic analysis was based on three different stages, the 1D, 2D and 3D analysis; these ones were adapted to the sequence stratigraphy concepts in order to create a chronostratigraphic framework for the study area within the basin. The database used in the present study contains field and well information, wells that belong to Santana Project, carried out by the Ministério de Minas e Energia- DNPM- CPRM from 1977 to 1978. The analysis 1D, which was done separately for each well and outcrop allowed the recognition of 13 sedimentary facies, mainly divided based on predominant litologies and sedimentary structures. Such facies are lithologically represented by pebble, sandstones, claystones, margas and evaporates; these facies are associated in order to characterize different depositional systems, that integrate from the continental environment (fluvial system and lacustre), paralic system (delta system and lagunar) to the marine environment (shelfenvironment). The first one, the fluvial system was divided into two subtypes: meandering fluvial system, characterized by fill channel and floodplain deposits; the facies of this system are associated vertically according to the textural thinning upward cycles (dirting-up trend pattern in well logs). Lacustrine environment is mainly related with the lithotypes of the Crato Formation, it shows a good distribution within the basin, been composed by green claystone deposits and calcareous laminated. Deltaic System represented by prodelta and delta front deposits which coarsening upward tendency. Lagunar system is characterised by the presence of anhydrite and gypsum deposits besides the black claystone deposits with vegetal fragments which do not contain a fauna typically marine. The marine platform system is composed by successions of black and gray claystone with fossiliferous fauna of Dinoflagellates (Spiniferites Mantell, Subtilisphaera Jain e Subtilisphaera Millipied genre) typical of this kind of depositional system. The sedimentary facies described are vertically arranged in cycles with progradational patterns which form textural coersening upward cycles and retrogradational, represented by textural thinning dowward cycles. Based in these cycles, in their stack pattern and the vertical change between these patterns, the systems tracks and the depositional sequences were recognized. The Low System Track (LST) and High System Track (HST) are composed by cycles with progradational stack pattern, whereas the Trangessive System Track (TST) is composed by retrogradational stack pattern cycles. The 2D stratigraphic analysis was done through the carrying out of two stratigraphic sections. For the selection of the datum the deepest maximum flooding surface was chosen, inside the Sequence 1, the execution of these sections allowed to understand the behaviour of six depositional systems along the study area, which were interpreted as cycles of second order or supercycles (cycles between 3 and 10 Ma), according to the Vail, et al (1977) classification. The Sequence 1, the oldest of the six identified is composed by the low, transgressive and high systems tracks. The first two system tracks are formed exclusively by fluvial deposits of the Rio da Batateira Formation whereas the third one includes deltaic and lacustrine deposits of the Crato Formation. The sequences 2 and 3 are formed by the transgressive systems tracks (lake spreading phase) and the highstand system track (lake backward phase). The TST of these sequences are formed by lacustrine deposits whereas HST contains deltaic deposits, indicating high rates of sedimentary supply at the time of it s deposition. The sequence 4 is composed by LST, TST and HST, The TST4 shows a significant fall of the lake base level, this track was developed in conditions of low relation between the creation rate of space of accommodation and the sedimentary influx. The TST4 marks the third phase of expansion of the lacustrine system in the section after the basin´s rift, the lacustrine system established in the previous track starts a backward phase in conditions that the sedimentary supply rate exceeds the creation rate of space accommodation. The sequence 5 was developed in two different phases, the first one is related with the latest expansion stage of the lake, (TST5), the basal track of this sequence. In this phase the base level of the lake rose considerably. The second phase (related to the TST5) indicates the end of the lacustrine domain in the Araripe Basin and the change to lagunar system ant tidal flat, with great portions in the supratidal. These systems were formed by restricted lagoons, with shallow level of water and with intermittent connections with the sea. This, was the phase when the Araripe Basin recorded the most several arid conditions of the whole interval studied, Aptian Albian, conditions that allow the formation of evaporitic deposits. The sequence 6 began its deposition after a significant fall of the sea (LST6). The sequence 6 is without any doubtlessly, the sequence that has deposits that prove the effective entrance of the sea into the Araripe Basin. The TST6, end of this sequence, represents the moment which the sea reaches its maximum level during the Aptian Albian time. The stratigraphic analysis of the Aptian Albian interval made possible the understanding that the main control in the development of the depositional sequences recognized in the Araripe Basin were the variations of the local base level, which are controlled itself by the climate changes
Resumo:
There is yet enthusiastic debate in the literature about the environmental conditions that originated the Cretaceous deposits of the Bauru Group, despite many authors accept that arid climatic conditions widely dominant at the base, evolved to chiefly fluvial-lacustrine conditions at the intermediate portion, and to arid conditions again at the top of the unit. The Bauru Group covers an area of about 117.000 km 2 of the Paraná Basin in São Paulo State territory. Core samples of this lithostratigraphic unit collected from a drill hole at Pirapozinho (Southwest of the São Paulo State) are described and together with well log data brought new information that do not agree with the described model. It was identified in this well the Caiuá, Pirapozinho, Santo Anastácio, Araçatuba and Adamantina formations. The study of these core samples clearly showed the dominance of hydrodynamic sedimentary structures and high to medium intensity of bioturbation in whole profile. These characteristics observed in core samples and compared to patterns of geophysical logs testify the dominance of fluvial processes in the Bauru Group deposition at the studied area. These new data suggests that the paleo-environmental evolution of the unit was much more complex, showing strong lateral and vertical changes that diverges from the model more widely accepted in the literature.
Resumo:
Pós-graduação em Geologia Regional - IGCE
Resumo:
The Lagoa Feia Group (Early Cretaceous) is widely distributed around the Campos Basin, forming deep prospects in the basin. It has two large coquinas platforms shellfish, and the lower deck constituent important reservoir in the southwestern of this basin, a producer of oil in the trend-Badejo-Linguado-Pampo. Due to the rising national energy demand is necessary to see the incorporation of technical knowledge and training of human resources in the knowledge of petroleum reservoirs. In this sense, the Pampo Field, as well as other fields of the trend, fall as interesting target area for study. Accumulations of hydrocarbons are partitioning structural - stratigraphic only for the three fields. They are mixed origin of traps, with influence of structural, stratigraphic and diagenetic. With the development of catchment areas of the latter condition has manifested itself in such a way to verify parts with nonproducing wells, which are observed in the intervals coquinas are closed, with reduced thickness and / or low quality porous. The understanding of these accumulations, by testing structural, stratigraphic and reservoir and the use of geological and geophysical techniques, will bring a better understanding of the portions relating to economic accumulation or subeconomic development of hydrocarbons in this region, contributing to the scientific knowledge of the Pampo Field.
Resumo:
Pós-graduação em Geologia Regional - IGCE
Resumo:
Pós-graduação em Geologia Regional - IGCE
Resumo:
Subsurface stratigraphic analysis of Devonian strata from the Rio do Peixe Basin, newly recognized by palynological studies, has resulted in the identification of two new lithostratigraphic units assembled in the Santa Helena Group. The Pilões Formation, the lower unit, is composed mainly of dark mudstones and medium-tovery fine-grained sandstones, with minor conglomerates and breccias. The Triunfo Formation, the upper unit, comprises whitish grey, kaolinitic, coarse-grained to conglomeratic, cross stratified sandstones and conglomerates, with interbedded mudstones and fine-grained sandstones. These units were characterized using cores, sidewall and cuttings samples, conventional logs and image log, from three wells drilled by PETROBRAS, and 3D seismic data. The Pilões Formation is interpreted as prodeltaic facies, with lesser associated subaqueous talus, debrite and sandy turbidite lobe facies, distal part of fandelta and braided fluviodeltaic facies of Triunfo Formation. The Santa Helena Group corresponds to the Lower Devonian tectono-sequence deposited in a NW-SE-trending graben during a transgressiveregressive cycle. With 343 meters of thickness (isochore) in well 1-PIL-1-PB (Pilões 1), this sequence has a non-conformity at the lower boundary and its upper boundary is an unconformity with the Lower Cretaceous tectono-sequence (Rio do Peixe Group), that represents a hiatus of about 265 million years. Ignimbrites and coignimbrite breccias (Poço da Jurema volcanic breccia), related to an unknown pyroclastic volcanic event, were recognized at the northern margin of the Sousa halfgraben. Evidence from well data suggests that this event is coeval with the Devonian graben filling. The present study indicates a polyhistorical tectono-volcanosedimentary evolution of the basin. This lithostratigraphic update brings new perspectives for geological research in the Rio do Peixe Basin, as well as in other inland basins of the Northeastern of Brazil. The results of the research also contribute to the kwnoledge of the Borborema Province and western Gondwana paleogeography during the Early Devonian.
Resumo:
The distribution of diagenetic alterations in Late Cenomanian siliciclastic reservoirs from Potiguar Basin was influenced by the stratigraphic framework and the depositional system. Seismic sections and geophysical logs of two wells drilled in the SW portion of the mentioned basin above register regional stratigraphic surfaces representing maximum floods related to a transgressive event. The sequential analysis of 80 m of drill core (~450 m deep) recognized nine depositional facies with an upwards granodecrescent standard piling that limits cycles with an erosional conglomeratic base (lag) overlain by intercalations of medium to very fine sandstones showing cross bedding (channel, planar and low angled) and horizontal bedding (plane-parallel , wave and flaser). The top of the cycles is marked by the deposition of pelites and the development of paleosoils and lagoons. The correlation of genetically related facies reveals associations of channel fillings, crevasse, and flood plains deposited in a transgressive system. Detailed descriptions of seventy nine thin sections aided by MEV-EBSD/EDS, DRX and stable isotope analyses in sandstones revealed an arcosian composition and complex textural arrays with abundant smectite fringes continuously covering primary components, mechanically infiltrated cuticles and moldic and intragrain pores. K-feldspar epitaxial overgrowth covers microcline and orthoclase grains before any other phase. Abundant pseudomatrix due to the compactation of mud intraclasts concentrate along the stratification planes, locally replaced by macrocristalline calcite and microcrystalline and framboidal pyrite. Kaolinite (booklets and vermicular), microcrystalline smectite, microcrystalline titanium minerals and pyrite replace the primary components. The intergrain porosity prevails over the moldic, intragrain and contraction porosities. The pores are poorly connected due to the presence of intergranular smectite, k-feldspar overgrowth, infiltrated mud and pseudomatrix. The sandstones were subjected to eodiagenetic conditions next to the surface and shallow burial mesodiagenetic conditions. The diagenetic alterations reduced the porosity and the permeability mainly due to the precipitation of smectite fringes, compactation of mud intraclasts onto the pseudomatrix and cementing by poikilotopic calcite characterizing different reservoir petrofacies. These diagenetic products acted as barriers and detours to the flow of fluids thus reducing the quality of the reservoir.
Resumo:
A Bacia de São José de Itaboraí está localizada no Município de Itaboraí, no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Ela foi descoberta em 1928, pelo Engenheiro Carlos Euler, que após analisar um suposto caulim encontrado na Fazenda São José pelo seu então proprietário, Sr. Ernesto Coube, verificou que se tratava de calcário. Os Professores Rui Lima e Silva e Othon H. Leonardos, enviados ao local para estudos, encontraram uma grande quantidade de fósseis de gastrópodes continentais, despertando o interesse científico pela região. Os estudos preliminares de campo e análises químicas evidenciaram boas perspectivas de exploração do calcário para a fabricação de cimento do tipo Portland. Por mais de 50 anos, a Companhia Nacional de Cimento Portland Mauá (CNCPM) explorou a pedreira. Desde sua descoberta, a Bacia de São José, paralelamente às atividades de mineração, foi objeto de pesquisas científicas realizadas por geólogos, paleontólogos e arqueólogos. No início da década de 80, a Cia. de Cimento Mauá decidiu abandonar a área em função do esgotamento econômico da reserva de minério. Com a retirada das bombas que impediam a inundação da pedreira, formou-se uma lagoa que passou a impedir o livre acesso aos afloramentos. Desde então as pesquisas sobre a Bacia ficaram concentradas aos materiais coletados no período de exploração de calcário. Material esse distribuído no Museu Nacional (MN), Departamento Nacional da Produção Mineral (DNPM), Instituto de Geociências da UFRJ, entre outros. Em 1990, a área que pertencia a CNCPM foi desapropriada por pressão da comunidade científica. A mesma passou a pertencer ao Município de Itaboraí, que criou o Parque Paleontológico de São José de Itaboraí, por meio da Lei 1.346, de 12 de dezembro de 1995. O objetivo desse trabalho foi gerar novos dados através do método geofísico conhecido como magnetometria. Para isso foram realizados levantamentos de campo utilizando um magnetômetro portátil e GPS, foram analisados e corrigidos dados utilizando softwares específicos, elaborados modelos e criados perfis a partir de descrições de testemunhos de sondagem. Os resultados obtidos visam possibilitar uma nova interpretação da geologia e da estratigrafia da bacia, dando condições para que se possa ter uma atualização dos conhecimentos relacionados à região, após quase meio século de atividade mineradora.