A review on continuous wave functional near-infrared spectroscopy and imaging instrumentation and methodology

This year marks the 20th anniversary of functional near-infrared spectroscopy and imaging (fNIRS/fNIRI). As the vast majority of commercial instruments developed until now are based on continuous wave technology, the aim of this publication is to review the current state of instrumentation and methodology of continuous wave fNIRI. For this purpose we provide an overview of the commercially available instruments and address instrumental aspects such as light sources, detectors and sensor arrangements. Methodological aspects, algorithms to calculate the concentrations of oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin and approaches for data analysis are also reviewed. From the single-location measurements of the early years, instrumentation has progressed to imaging initially in two dimensions (topography) and then three (tomography). The methods of analysis have also changed tremendously, from the simple modified Beer-Lambert law to sophisticated image reconstruction and data analysis methods used today. Due to these advances, fNIRI has become a modality that is widely used in neuroscience research and several manufacturers provide commercial instrumentation. It seems likely that fNIRI will become a clinical tool in the foreseeable future, which will enable diagnosis in single subjects.

A manual of orchestration, designed especially to enable amateurs to follow intelligently the performance of orchestral music.

Mode of access: Internet.

Automatic runway profile measuring instrumentation and runway properties.

pt. 1. Equipment.--pt. 2. Equipment trials.--pt. 3. Base surveys.

Practical instrumentation /

Pt. 1. The strings.--Pt. 2. The wood-wind.--Pt. 3. Strings and wood-wind combined.--Pt. 4. The horns.--Pt. 5. The combination of strings, wood-wind and horns.--Pt. 6. The trumpets, cornets, trombones, tubas and instruments of percussion.--Pt. 7. Harp, mandoline, zither, guitar, piano (cembalo), organ and harmonium.

The modern band: a treatise on wind instruments, symphony band and military band,

Bk.I. pt.1. Wind instruments. - pt.2. Band instrumentation. -Bk.II. Score examples.

Development of airborne electromagnetic survey instrumentation and application to the search for buried sand and gravel : a summary report /

34E1-132

A bibliography of works and articles on conductors, conducting and related fields, in various languages, from the sixteenth century to the present time.

At head of title: Brooklyn college. Music 31, 32, 35, 74, 75, and 77. Mimeographed.

Principles of orchestration, with musical examples drawn from his own works.

Mode of access: Internet.

Instrumentation and measuring systems for stratospheric research : report /

"March 1977--Cover."

COBOL instrumentation and debugging : a case study /

Includes bibliographical references (p. 10-11).

INTEGRATION OF INSTRUMENTATION AND PROCESSING SOFTWARE OF A LASER SPECKLE CONTRAST IMAGING SYSTEM

Laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) has the potential to be a powerful tool in medicine, but more research in the field is required so it can be used properly. To help in the progression of Michigan Tech's research in the field, a graphical user interface (GUI) was designed in Matlab to control the instrumentation of the experiments as well as process the raw speckle images into contrast images while they are being acquired. The design of the system was successful and is currently being used by Michigan Tech's Biomedical Engineering department. This thesis describes the development of the LSCI GUI as well as offering a full introduction into the history, theory and applications of LSCI.

Coupling instrumentation and methodology in the search for traces of life on the early Earth and Mars

Evaluating the nature of the earliest, often controversial, traces of life in the geological record (dating to the Palaeoarchaean, up to ~3.5 billion years before the present) is of fundamental relevance for placing constraints on the potential that life emerged on Mars at approximately the same time (the Noachian period). In their earliest histories, the two planets shared many palaeoenvironmental similarities, before the surface of Mars rapidly became inhospitable to life as we know it. Multi-scalar, multi-modal analyses of fossiliferous rocks from the Barberton greenstone belt of South Africa and the East Pilbara terrane of Western Australia are a window onto primitive prokaryotic ecoystems. Complementary petrographic, morphological, (bio)geochemical and nanostructural analyses of chert horizons and the carbonaceous material within using a wide range of techniques – including optical microscopy, SEM-EDS, Raman spectroscopy, PIXE, µCT, laser ablation ICP-MS, high-resolution TEM-based analytical techniques and secondary ion mass spectrometry – can characterise, at scales from macroscopic to nanoscopic, the fossilised biomes of the earliest Earth. These approaches enable the definition of the palaeoenvironments, and potentially metabolic networks, preserved in ancient rocks. Modifying these protocols is necessary for Martian exploration using rovers, since the range and power of space instrumentation is significantly reduced relative to terrestrial laboratories. Understanding the crucial observations possible using highly complementary rover-based payloads is therefore critical in scientific protocols aiming to detect traces of life on Mars.