Informality in the City: a Theoretical Analysis

This thesis theoretically studies the relationship between the informal sector (both in the labor and the housing market) and the city structure.

Financial inclusion and financial integrity: aligned incentives?

The Financial Action Task Force embraces financial inclusion as complementary to anti-money laundering and counterterrorist financing, as it enhances transparency. This support is based on the premise that the increased use of formal financial services leads to a reduction of usage of informal services. We present evidence on eight African countries that both are not negatively associated. Moreover, informal employment and cash preference reduce the inclination to use mobile financial services. If an increase in transparency acts as disincentive to use formal services, the alignment of financial inclusion and integrity will fail.

Projeto café do trabalhador como promotor de segurança alimentar e nutricional: avaliação da eficácia da unidade Natal-RN

The evaluation of public policies that promote Food Security and Nutrition (FSN) it s a multidisciplinary activity extremely relevant to the effectiveness of actions to legitimize the Human Right to Adequate Food (HRAF). This study aimed at assessing the effectiveness of the unit project Natal-RN Café do Trabalhador in promoting SAN to its users. The theoretical framework is based on the public and political and on the dimensions of the concept of FSN (quantity and quality-regularity). Through a qualitative approach, methodologically this was the work of an evaluation of efficiency of the unit Natal-RN of Café do Trabalhador project in light of the assumptions of the concept of SAN. Data collection was conducted through retrospective archival research in official documents of the project, semi-structured interviews with managers involved in its implementation (representative of the Secretary of State for Employment, Housing and Care of RN SETHAS and third party), socioeconomic questionnaire applied to the users of the unit, check the amount, regularity and quality of meals offered for 15 days (menu routine) using the descriptive form menu and form filling type checklist for verification of compliance with good practices . Methods of analysis, we used content analysis, descriptive statistics and compared to previously established parameters for the project. As categories of analysis were defined organizational arrangement, access, user, food quantity-regularity and food quality. The results show that, it was found in the category arrangement that will implement the project dismissed technical criteria for choosing the districts and the quantitative distribution of meals for each location. It was found that the valuation of the shares of the company outsources technical SETHA has not been performed. We observed in the access category, the unit has a strategic location, but lack of space in the refectory. The main obstacle to economic access for users is the lack of a register for the beneficiaries. In the category of users, it was identified that the clientele of the project it is predominantly men, with more than 51 years, low education, earning wages less 1 obtained through informal employment, which they move up through the unit transport collective, go to all days of operation due primarily to price. About the meals category quantity-regularity of food showed that the menu serves 95% of the desired needs, and that holidays and weekends are periods of disrupting the regularity of supply of meals. Regarding the category of food quality, it was found that the nutritional aspect on the menu are food sources rich in sodium, nitrates and low in fiber. In the aspect of hygiene and sanitation are the main limitations related to waste management, lack of exposure controls of food prepared and inadequacies of the physical structure. The results showed that in general and the institutional arrangement of the organs attached to the project should establish a systematic evaluation project is to establish as a promoter of and FSN overcome these obstacles

Institutional requirements for market-led development in Latin America

Includes bibliography

Guatemala: evolución económica durante 2005 y perspectivas para 2006

Incluye Bibliografía

Honduras: evolución económica durante 2006 y perspectivas para 2007

Incluye Bibliografía

A poverty profile and functional aspects of Brazilian labour markets

Includes bibliography

Projeto de regularização fundiária no bairro da Terra Firme: reflexões sobre os limites da intervenção para a efetivação do direito à cidade

O processo de ocupação desigual da cidade de Belém possui uma relação direta com o aumento da ocupação informal nesse município. As intervenções urbanísticas de cunho elitista resultaram em poucas intervenções do Estado no sentido de garantir o direito à moradia digna as frações de classe popular, assim as áreas de ocupação se tornaram entre as décadas de 1980 e 1990 praticamente a única forma de provisão da habitação para os pobres. O Estado, por não apresentar alternativas para o problema da moradia, cede às pressões populares de forma limitada com ações pontuais para amenizar os possíveis conflitos. A regularização fundiária urbana, apesar do discurso oficial, que apresenta a política como garantia ao direito à cidade, não foge à regra de outras políticas estatais formal, pontual, fragmentada e descontínua. Que ao contrário de representar formas de legitimar a equidade urbana acabam por exacerbar às expressões da questão social produto da desigualdade social que no Brasil se mostra cada vez mais danosa no campo ou na cidade.

A nova morfologia do trabalho no Brasil na década de 2000

O objetivo do texto é expor os elementos da nova morfologia do trabalho organizado no Brasil no contexto sóciohistórico da reorganização do capitalismo. Para isso, são apresentados alguns indicadores do mercado de trabalho nas duas últimas décadas, enfatizando-se as principais características do processo de precarização do trabalho vivenciado no país. Se na década de 1990 o crescente desemprego e a informalização das relações de emprego foram a tônica do mundo do trabalho no Brasil, na década de 2000, principalmente a partir de 2003, é a natureza flexível do emprego e da organização do trabalho que se torna a tendência dominante, potencializada pelo cenário de expansão da economia capitalista.

Work Precariousness and Risk of Accidents in Civil Construction: A study based on the Collective Work Analysis

This paper aims to describe the construction workers' activities, as well as their perceptions about risks and workload. The study, based on the Collective Work Analysis, is part of a broader public policies project for the improvement of SIVAT (Surveillance System of Work Accidents) - in the city of Piracicaba (Southeastern Brazil). Civil construction was prioritized given the epidemiological magnitude of the occurrence of work accidents and the limited efficacy of traditional surveillance initiatives in this sector due to informal employment practices, outsourcing, high staff turnover, etc. The workers have a high level of awareness concerning the risk of accidents, but they believe that the main preventive measures hinder or even make it impossible for them to carry out the tasks. Our findings question the efficacy of traditional training for adherence to safety practices, thus highlighting the need for a transformative pedagogy for preventive practices and the health promotion of workers.

Informalidad laboral, pobreza y regiones : Un análisis desde la coyuntura argentina

El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar comparativamente el impacto sobre la pobreza de la informalidad laboral en las distintas regiones argentinas. Los resultados obtenidos indican que el Empleo Informal reduce el nivel de ingreso entre un 53 y un 71, y el empleo en el Sector Informal disminuye el nivel de salario entre un 46 y un 63, según la región considerada. En tanto, la formalización de los empleados informales implica reducciones de la pobreza de entre un 10 y un 16, y la erradicación del empleo en el Sector Informal conlleva disminuciones de la incidencia de la pobreza que se ubican entre el 7 y el 14, según la región que se considere. La metodología adoptada consistió, en una primera etapa, en estimar el efecto ceteris paribus de la informalidad en la pobreza. De este modo, fue posible obtener el diferencial de ingreso laboral causado por la informalidad. Luego, sobre la base de las brechas salariales estimadas, se realizó una microsimulación de la incidencia de la pobreza en un escenario contrafactual en el que se formalizaran todos los ocupados informales (o los trabajadores del Sector Informal). Con este procedimiento, se pudo cuantificar el efecto de la informalidad en la pobreza

Informalidad laboral, pobreza y regiones : Un análisis desde la coyuntura argentina

El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar comparativamente el impacto sobre la pobreza de la informalidad laboral en las distintas regiones argentinas. Los resultados obtenidos indican que el Empleo Informal reduce el nivel de ingreso entre un 53 y un 71, y el empleo en el Sector Informal disminuye el nivel de salario entre un 46 y un 63, según la región considerada. En tanto, la formalización de los empleados informales implica reducciones de la pobreza de entre un 10 y un 16, y la erradicación del empleo en el Sector Informal conlleva disminuciones de la incidencia de la pobreza que se ubican entre el 7 y el 14, según la región que se considere. La metodología adoptada consistió, en una primera etapa, en estimar el efecto ceteris paribus de la informalidad en la pobreza. De este modo, fue posible obtener el diferencial de ingreso laboral causado por la informalidad. Luego, sobre la base de las brechas salariales estimadas, se realizó una microsimulación de la incidencia de la pobreza en un escenario contrafactual en el que se formalizaran todos los ocupados informales (o los trabajadores del Sector Informal). Con este procedimiento, se pudo cuantificar el efecto de la informalidad en la pobreza

Informalidad laboral, pobreza y regiones : Un análisis desde la coyuntura argentina

El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar comparativamente el impacto sobre la pobreza de la informalidad laboral en las distintas regiones argentinas. Los resultados obtenidos indican que el Empleo Informal reduce el nivel de ingreso entre un 53 y un 71, y el empleo en el Sector Informal disminuye el nivel de salario entre un 46 y un 63, según la región considerada. En tanto, la formalización de los empleados informales implica reducciones de la pobreza de entre un 10 y un 16, y la erradicación del empleo en el Sector Informal conlleva disminuciones de la incidencia de la pobreza que se ubican entre el 7 y el 14, según la región que se considere. La metodología adoptada consistió, en una primera etapa, en estimar el efecto ceteris paribus de la informalidad en la pobreza. De este modo, fue posible obtener el diferencial de ingreso laboral causado por la informalidad. Luego, sobre la base de las brechas salariales estimadas, se realizó una microsimulación de la incidencia de la pobreza en un escenario contrafactual en el que se formalizaran todos los ocupados informales (o los trabajadores del Sector Informal). Con este procedimiento, se pudo cuantificar el efecto de la informalidad en la pobreza