Evidence of higher photosynthetic plasticity in the early successional Guazuma ulmifolia Lam. compared to the late successional Hymenaea courbaril L. grown in contrasting light environments

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Testing the quick meal hypothesis: the effect of pulp on hoarding and seed predation of Hymenaea courbaril by red-rumped agoutis (Dasyprocta leporina)

Red-rumped agoutis (Dasyprocta leporina) are important seed dispersers/predators of Neotropical large-seeded plants. Several species of seeds cached by agoutis have an edible reward, in contrast to temperate rodent-dispersed diaspores. The quick meal hypothesis states that the presence of a reward such as edible pulp will enhance the efficiency of rodents as seed disperses by satiating the animal and, consequently, reducing seed predation and enhancing hoarding. In this study, this hypothesis was tested using as the reference system the pulp and seeds of Hymenaea courbaril. Seeds with and without pulp were offered to agoutis and the behaviour of each individual was recorded. Since the probability of predation and hoarding were complementary, we used the probability of predation. The proportion of agoutis that preyed on at least one seed was similar for seeds with (42.8% of individuals) and without (40.0% of individuals) pulp. In agoutis that preyed upon at least one seed, the probability that they killed a seed did not differ between seeds with (0.17 +/- 0.03) and without (0.20 +/- 0.08) pulp. Hence, these results do not support the 'quick meal hypothesis'.

Diversidade de ácaros (Arachnida: Acari) em Hymenaea martiana (Leguminosae) em gradiente de tamanho de plantas

Foram estudadas as comunidades de ácaros em indivíduos de Hymenaea martiana Hayne (Leguminosae) com diferentes tamanhos, localizados em fragmento de Mata Estacional Semidecidual com transição para o Cerrado. As plantas analisadas foram selecionadas com base no gradiente de altura e perímetro do tronco a 10 cm acima do solo. Foram realizadas coletas quinzenais no período de março de 2007 a março de 2008. em cada amostragem foram retiradas três folhas dos ramos externos e três dos ramos internos, ao redor da região mediana da copa de cada planta selecionada. Para comparar os padrões ecológicos das comunidades de ácaros entre as plantas, foram aplicados índices descritores da diversidade. em H. martiana, foram registrados 109.445 ácaros pertencentes a 28 espécies de 14 famílias. Nove espécies de ácaros, dentre as 19 classificadas como frequentes e acessórias, tiveram sua densidade populacional influenciada pelo tamanho da planta. Enquanto a densidade populacional de Chiapacheylus edentatus de Leon, 1962, Euseius cf. errabundus, Pronematus sp., Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes, 1939) e Tarsonemus sp., apresentou correlação positiva com a altura da planta, a de Aberoptus aff. cerostructor, Euseius sibelius (De Leon, 1962), Typhlodromalus aripo de Leon, 1967 e Phytoseius nahuatlensis de Leon, 1959, apresentou correlação negativa. Não houve influência da altura da planta sobre a riqueza de espécies e densidade total de ácaros entre ramos internos e externos das plantas com diferentes alturas. As variações fisiológicas entre os indivíduos de diferentes estágios ontogenéticos de H. martiana, juntamente com fatores abióticos, podem ter influenciado a ocorrência e a distribuição dessas espécies de ácaros sobre essa planta.

Ontogênese, anatomia e ultra-estrutura dos nectários extraflorais de Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart. ex Hayne (Fabaceae - Caesalpinioideae)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Effects of selective logging on the mating system and pollen dispersal of Hymenaea courbaril L. (Leguminosae) in the Eastern Brazilian Amazon as revealed by microsatellite analysis

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Mendelian inheritance, linkage and genotypic disequilibrium in microsatellite loci isolated from Hymenaea courbaril (Leguminosae)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Sistema de reprodução em pequenas populações fragmentadas e em árvores isoladas de Hymenaea stigonocarpa

Six microsatellite loci were used to quantify the mating system of two small fragmented populations (Selviria - SEL and Aparecida do Tabuado - APT, Mato Grosso do Sul State) and isolated trees in pastures, of the bat-pollinated tropical tree Hymenaea stignocarpa, growing in the Center-west region of Brazil. In SEL population, seeds were collected from 11 mother-trees; in APT, from three trees and, in the case of isolated trees, from six individuals growing at least 500 m apart in pastures. To investigate if there are differences on mating system between trees in populations and isolated trees, trees from populations were pooled as a group and, likewise, the isolated trees were pooled to another group. The outcrossing rate was higher in the populations (t̂ m= 0.873) than in isolated trees (t̂ m=0.857), but the difference was not significant. Significant and high differences between multi-locus and single-locus outcrossing rate were detected in populations (t̂ m- t̂ s=0.301, P<0.05) and isolated trees (t̂ m- t̂ s=0.276, P<0.05), suggesting mating between relatives. Higher paternity correlation was observed in trees from population (r̂ p=0.636) than in isolated trees (r̂ p=0.377), indicating the occurrence of some correlated matings and that part of offspring are full-sibs. It was not observed increased in self-fertilization rate in isolated trees in pastures. In general terms, the unique observed difference in mating system between populations and isolate trees was the high rate of correlated matings in trees from populations, due probably to the small distance among coespecifics and the pollinator behavior, visiting near trees.

Micorrização e crescimento de progênies de hymenaea stignocarpa mart. ex. Hayne em subsolo de área degradada degraded area

In tropical ecosystems, little is known about the relationship between arbuscular mycorhizal fungi (AMF) and the host genetic variability, especially among tree species. This study aimed to examine the response of 19 progenies of jatobá-do-cerrado (Hymenaea stignocarpa Mart. Ex. Hayne) inoculated with AMF, the root colonization and seedlings early growth were evaluated, growing in cultivated in subsoil from the loading area, under greenhouse conditions. The seedlings, germinated in the laboratory, were transferred to plastic bags containing subsoil and sand mixture (4:1). For the inoculation, each replicate received 100 g of soil (with about 48 spores of AMF) from a preserved Cerrado area, to reintroduce microorganisms. After 120 days, the mycorrhiza colonization (COL), the number of spores of AMF, the plant height (PH), the weight of shoot dry matter (SDM) and the root fresh matter (RFM) were assessed. The highest values of COL, SDM and RFM were observed in the progenies JC7, JC18, JC29, JC27 and JC14; the JC7 andJC18 also increased number of spores. There were significant and positive correlations between COL and the others variables (AP, NE, RFM and SDM, and between RFM and other variables (NE, AP and SDM). The conclusion is that, there is variability among the genotypes of Hymenaea stignocarpa growth (AP MFSR and DMAP) and mycorrhization (COL and NE), with emphasis on two progenies (JC7 and JC18), that showed the highest values, which can be resulted of a greater affinity to strains of AMF- soil inoculum.

Physicochemical and bioactive properties of Hymenaea courbaril L. pulp and seed lipid fraction

This study aimed to assess the nutritional composition of the fruit and the physicochemical and bioactive properties of jatoba (Hymenaea courbaril L.) pulp and seed oils. The lipid content of both fractions was below 6%. There was a significant presence of minerals, especially, sodium, potassium and phosphorus. The main macronutrient in pulp and seed was crude fiber, and considerable amounts of Vitamin C, 51.87 and 121.45. mg/100. g respectively, were found. The physicochemical properties demonstrated the good quality of the oils. The oxidative stability index was influenced by the composition of fatty acids reaching a value of 45.97. h for the jatoba pulp oil. The most abundant bioactive compounds were α-tocopherol (886.37 and 993.63. mg/kg) and β-sitosterol (61.83 and 91.09. mg/kg) for pulp and seed oils, respectively. Among the unsaturated fatty acids in the pulp, the oleic (46.09%) and linolenic acid (14.54%) stood out. The pulp and seed oils can be considered a valuable source for new industrial, cosmetic and pharmaceutical products. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.

Preparação e caracterização de filmes a base de xiloglucana extraída de sementes de Hymenaea Courbaril (Jatobá)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Efeitos do corte seletivo de árvores sobre o sistema de reprodução e dispersão de pólen em uma população de Hymenaea courbaril na Amazônia brasileira

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Atividade antiinflamatória intestinal e antiulcerogênica gástrica e duodenal de Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart. ex Hayne

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart. ex Hayne: A tropical medicinal plant with intestinal anti-inflammatory activity in TNBS model of intestinal inflammation in rats

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Estratégias de propagação de barueiro (Dipteryx alata Vog.) e jatobazeiro do cerrado (Hymenaea stigonocarpa MART)

Pós-graduação em Agronomia - FEIS