Muerte en Venecia de Thomas Mann o la via plutarquea hacia Eros

En Muerte en Venecia Thomas Mann se refiere explícitamente al Simposio y al Fedro de Platón para explicar la relación entre Gustav von Aschenbach y Tadzio, pero oculta que su novela se inspira también en el Erótico de Plutarco. ¿Por qué? El objetivo de este artículo es justamente revelar las razones de este proceder. En efecto, Plutarco elogia el amor matrimonial en el Erótico y éste no es el camino que sigue Mann, pero, al mismo tiempo, el escritor alemán halla en el diálogo plutarqueo todo lo necesario para construir su historia de amor masculino y decide no prescindir de él.

Thomas Mann's Death in Venice or Plutarch's way towards Eros

In Death in Venice Thomas Mann refers explicitly to Plato's Symposium and Phaedrus in order to explain the relationship between Gustav von Aschenbach and Tadzio but he hides that his novel also depends on Plutarch's Eroticus. Why? The aim of this article is precisely to reveal the different reasons for such an attitude. Indeed, Plutarch speaks highly of conjugal love in his Eroticus and this way is not followed by Mann in Death in Venice but, at the same, the German writer finds in this Plutarch's philosophical dialogue all the necessary elements to build his story of masculine love and decides not to manage without it.

La mort a Venècia de Thomas Mann o la via plutarquea vers Eros

A Mort a Venècia Thomas Mann es refereix explícitament al Simposi i al Fedre de Plató per explicar la relació entre Gustav von Aschenbach i Tadzio, però amaga que la seva novel·la s'inspira també en l'Eròtic de Plutarc. Per què? L'objectiu d'aquest article és justament revelar les raons d'aquest capteniment. En efecte, Plutarc elogia l'amor matrimonial a l'Eròtic i aquest no és el camí que segueix Mann, però, alhora, l'escriptor alemany troba en el diàleg plutarqueu tot el que necessita per bastir la seva història d'amor masculí i decideix no prescindir-ne.

Barnbyn Skå (Skå, la vila dels infants) 1947-1972: L’experiència terapèutica de Gustav Jonsson amb infants «irrecuperables»

The article presents the trajectory of the Swedish psychiatrist Gustav Jonsson (1907-1994) who, in the 1940s, revolutionised the therapeutic and educational treatment of children and young people, considered irreclaimable from the social point of view, who were committed to educational institutions. It analyses the social development of the Welfare State in Sweden, the legal framework of child protection, as well as the context of Swedish residential care centres for children and young people in the first half of the 20th century in order to go further into the psychological and educational work conducted with the Barnbyn Skå group. Jonsson redirected the analysis of violent behaviours that were manifest in these children and young people which made them intractable from the educational point of view and established elements of psychoanalytical understanding, based on a systemic approach in which the family context became essential in order to understand the children’s difficulties. Barnbyn Skå was the centre which, under the guidance of Jonsson, developed this new therapeutic and pedagogic approach. The educational work carried out there exceeded the traditional model in terms of control and surveillance. The methods were considered radical from within pedagogy and caused great controversy which led the centre to continuous investigations on behalf of the Social Services of Stockholm between 1960 and 1970. For several decades Barnbyn Skå has been considered a pioneering experience in the field of Scandinavian child psychiatry.