Efeito de diferentes resíduos pós-pastejo de capim tanzânia (Panicum maximum cv Tanzânia Jacq.) pastejado por caprinos sobre a estrutura do pasto

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Características morfogênicas do dossel de Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst ex. A. Rich.) cv. Marandu manejada com diferentes ofertas de forragem sob lotação intermitente

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Influência da estrutura dos pastos de capim tanzânia (Panicum maximum Jacq.) sobre o comportamento ingestivo de cabras F1 Boer x Saanen

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Compostos de reserva das plantas e atividade enzimática do solo em pastos de Brachiaria manejados sob ofertas de forragem e lotação rotacionada

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Acúmulo e desaparecimento de forragem e variações na estrutura de pastos de capim-xaraés submetidos a intensidades de pastejo em lotação intermitente

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of residual leaf area index (rLAI), years of evaluation and grazing cycles on the accumulation and disappearance of forage, and changes in the pasture structure of xaraes palisadegrass submitted to grazing intensities and intermittent stocking in two summers. The experiment was carried out at the Faculdade de Ciencias Agrarias e Veterinaria of Unesp, Campus of Jaboticabal, SP and the intensities of grazing were defined by four rLAI: 0.8, 1.3, 1.8 and 2.3. When the canopy intercepted 95% of incident light, the animals were placed on the pasture for grazing and kept until the rLAI target has been reached. Pastures were grazed by non-lactating Holstein cows (Bos Taurus Taurus L.), using the technique of mob-stocking. It was evaluated the canopy height, accumulation, disappearance and morphological components of forage and rest period. Residual leaf area index from 1.3 to 1.8 are the best in the accumulation and disappearance of forage and pasture structure. It is observed variability of the accumulation and disappearance of forage and pasture structure for years of assessment and grazing cycles within each year.

Chemical composition, in vitro digestibility and gas production of Brachiaria managed under different forage allowances

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Massa de forragem, composição química do capim-massai e comportamento ingestivo de ovinos durante a fase de implantação do eucalipto em sistema silvipastoril

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV

Fluxo de gases de efeito estufa na implantação de sistema silvipastoril em pastejo com ovinos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Metano entérico e consumo de ovinos em sistema silvipastoril com diferentes espaçamentos arbóreos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Test and develop sustainable and profitable grazing strategies to manage for rainfall variability

The Wambiana grazing trial started in 1997 to test and develop sustainable and profitable grazing strategies to manage for rainfall variability. It is important that this trial continue as the results are still relatively short-term relative to rainfall cycles and significant treatment changes are still occurring. This new proposal will maintain baseline treatments but will modify others based on trial learning’s to date. It builds on treatment differences and evidence collected over the last 12 years to deliver evidence-based guidelines and principles for sustainable and productive management. The trial also links to other projects modelling water quality, climate change, methane emissions and soil C sequestration on grazing lands.

Role of zooplankton dynamics for Southern Ocean phytoplankton biomass and global biogeochemical cycles

Global ocean biogeochemistry models currently employed in climate change projections use highly simplified representations of pelagic food webs. These food webs do not necessarily include critical pathways by which ecosystems interact with ocean biogeochemistry and climate. Here we present a global biogeochemical model which incorporates ecosystem dynamics based on the representation of ten plankton functional types (PFTs); six types of phytoplankton, three types of zooplankton, and heterotrophic bacteria. We improved the representation of zooplankton dynamics in our model through (a) the explicit inclusion of large, slow-growing zooplankton, and (b) the introduction of trophic cascades among the three zooplankton types. We use the model to quantitatively assess the relative roles of iron vs. grazing in determining phytoplankton biomass in the Southern Ocean High Nutrient Low Chlorophyll (HNLC) region during summer. When model simulations do not represent crustacean macrozooplankton grazing, they systematically overestimate Southern Ocean chlorophyll biomass during the summer, even when there was no iron deposition from dust. When model simulations included the developments of the zooplankton component, the simulation of phytoplankton biomass improved and the high chlorophyll summer bias in the Southern Ocean HNLC region largely disappeared. Our model results suggest that the observed low phytoplankton biomass in the Southern Ocean during summer is primarily explained by the dynamics of the Southern Ocean zooplankton community rather than iron limitation. This result has implications for the representation of global biogeochemical cycles in models as zooplankton faecal pellets sink rapidly and partly control the carbon export to the intermediate and deep ocean.

Characterization of grazing bifurcation in airfoils with control surface freeplay nonlinearity

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)