Treinamento de cavalos de enduro FEI*: abordagem fisiológica

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Inoculação de células-tronco mesenquimais autólogas e alogênicas, provenientes da medula óssea, em tecido muscular de equinos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Resposta das fibras musculares esqueléticas de equinos da raça puro sangue árabe ao treinamento de enduro

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FMVZ

Adaptações do músculo glúteo médio em eqüinos submetidos a treinamento de resistência e suplementados com diferentes concentrações de óleo de soja

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Ractopamina em dietas para fêmeas suínas

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Avaliação do sincronismo do sinal eletromiográfico com o equilíbrio dinâmico de jogadores de futebol durante o chute

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Características morfológicas dos músculos e qualitativas da carne de cordeiros suplementados e terminados em diferentes índices de área foliar residual

Pós-graduação em Zootecnia - FCAV

Biometry by ultrasonography of the epaxial and pelvic musculature in equines trained with Pessoa's rein

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Standardization of metachromatic staining method of myofibrillar ATPase activity of myosin to skeletal striated muscle of mules and donkeys

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Estudo da capacidade imunomoduladora in vivo de células-tronco mesenquimais obtidas da matriz do cordão umbilical equino

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Frontal Plane Biomechanics in Males and Females with and without Patellofemoral Pain

NAKAGAWA, T. H., E. T. U. MORIYA, C. D. MACIEL, and F. V. SERRAO. Frontal Plane Biomechanics in Males and Females with and without Patellofemoral Pain. Med. Sci. Sports &ere., Vol. 44, No. 9, pp. 1747-1755, 2012. Purpose: The study's purpose was to compare trunk, pelvis, hip, and knee frontal plane biomechanics in males and females with and without patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) during stepping. Methods: Eighty recreational athletes were equally divided into four groups: female PFPS, female controls, male PFPS, and male controls. Trunk, pelvis, hip, and knee frontal plane kinematics and activation of the gluteus medius were evaluated at 15 degrees, 30 degrees, 45 degrees, and 60 degrees of knee flexion during the downward and upward phases of the stepping task. Isometric hip abductor torque was also evaluated. Results: Females showed increased hip adduction and knee abduction at all knee flexion angles, greater ipsilateral trunk lean and contralateral pelvic drop from 60 degrees of knee flexion till the end of the stepping task (P = 0.027-0.001), diminished hip abductor torque (P < 0.001), and increased gluteus medius activation than males (P = 0.008-0.001). PFPS subjects presented increased knee abduction at all the angles evaluated; greater trunk, pelvis, and hip motion from 45 of knee flexion of the downward phase till the end of the maneuver; and diminished gluteus medius activation at 60 degrees of knee flexion, compared with controls (P = 0.034-0.001). Females with PFPS showed lower hip abductor torque compared with the other groups. Conclusions: Females presented with altered frontal plane biomechanics that may predispose them to knee injury. PFPS subjects showed frontal plane biomechanics that could increase the lateral patellofemoral joint stress at all the angles evaluated and could increase even more from 45 degrees of knee flexion in the downward phase untill the end of the maneuver. Hip abductor strengthening and motor control training should be considered when treating females with PFPS.

Trunk, Pelvis, Hip, and Knee Kinematics, Hip Strength, and Gluteal Muscle Activation During a Single-Leg Squat in Males and Females With and Without Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

STUDY DESIGN: Controlled laboratory study using a cross-sectional design. OBJECTIVES: To determine whether there are any differences between the sexes in trunk, pelvis, hip, and knee kinematics, hip strength, and gluteal muscle activation during the performance of a single-leg squat in individuals with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) and control participants. BACKGROUND: Though there is a greater incidence of PFPS in females, PFPS is also quite common in males. Trunk kinematics may affect hip and knee function; however, there is a lack of studies of the influence of the trunk in individuals with PFPS. METHODS: Eighty subjects were distributed into 4 groups: females with PFPS, female controls, males with PFPS, and male controls. Trunk, pelvis, hip, and knee kinematics and gluteal muscle activation were evaluated during a single-leg squat. Hip abduction and external rotation eccentric strength was measured on an isokinetic dynamometer. Group differences were assessed using a 2-way multivariate analysis of variance (sex by PFPS status). RESULTS: Compared to controls, subjects with PFPS had greater ipsilateral trunk lean (mean +/- SD, 9.3 degrees +/- 5.30 degrees versus 6.7 degrees +/- 3.0 degrees; P = .012), contralateral pelvic drop (10.3 degrees +/- 4.7 degrees versus 7.4 degrees 3.8 degrees; P = .003), hip adduction (14.8 degrees +/- 7.8 degrees versus 10.8 degrees +/- 5.6 degrees; P<.0001), and knee abduction (9.2 degrees +/- 5.0 degrees versus 5.8 degrees +/- 3.4 degrees; P<.0001) when performing a single-leg squat. Subjects with PFPS also had 18% less hip abduction and 17% less hip external rotation strength. Compared to female controls, females with PFPS had more hip internal rotation (P<.05) and less muscle activation of the gluteus medius (P = .017) during the single-leg squat. CONCLUSION: Despite many similarities in findings for males and females with PFPS, there may be specific sex differences that warrant consideration in future studies and when clinically evaluating and treating females with PFPS. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2012;42(6):491-501, Epub 8 March 2012. doi:10.2519/jospt.2012.3987

Hip abductor defect repair by means of a vastus lateralis muscle shift

Scarring or detachment of the hip abductors, particularly of the gluteus medius, from their insertion may lead to severe abductor weakness, recurrent dislocations, pain, and diminished quality of life. We performed a retrospective study to evaluate whether vastus lateralis shift is associated with satisfactory results and low rate of complications. Eleven adults underwent vastus lateralis shift to bridge a well-documented abductor muscles' insertion defect. Preoperative and postoperative hip functions were assessed applying the Merle d'Aubigne score, British Medical Council scale, and Visual Analog Scale. Significant postoperative improvement was noted in mean Merle d'Aubigne score, gluteus medius muscle force, and quality of life. Vastus lateralis shift represents a viable treatment option for hip abductor deficiency, significantly improving abductor strength and overall quality of life.

Trochanteric flip osteotomy for cranial extension and muscle protection in acetabular fracture fixation using a Kocher-Langenbeck approach

OBJECTIVE: To describe the advantages and surgical technique of a trochanteric flip osteotomy in combination with a Kocher-Langenbeck approach for the treatment of selected acetabular fractures. DESIGN: Consecutive series, teaching hospital. METHODS: Through mobilization of the vastus lateralis muscle, a slice of the greater trochanter with the attached gluteus medius muscle can be flipped anteriorly. The gluteus minimus muscle can then be easily mobilized, giving free access to the posterosuperior and superior acetabular wall area. Damage to the abductor muscles by vigorous retraction can be avoided, potentially resulting in less ectopic ossification. Ten consecutive cases of acetabular fractures treated with this approach are reported. In eight cases, an anatomic reduction was achieved; in the remaining two cases with severe comminution, the reduction was within one to three millimeters. The trochanteric fragment was fixed with two 3.5-millimeter cortical screws. RESULTS: All osteotomies healed in anatomic position within six to eight weeks postoperatively. Abductor strength was symmetric in eight patients and mildly reduced in two patients. Heterotopic ossification was limited to Brooker classes 1 and 2 without functional impairment at an average follow-up of twenty months. No femoral head necrosis was observed. CONCLUSION: This technique allows better visualization, more accurate reduction, and easier fixation of cranial acetabular fragments. Cranial migration of the greater trochanter after fixation with two screws is unlikely to occur because of the distal pull of the vastus lateralis muscle, balancing the cranial pull of the gluteus medius muscle.

Operative treatment of congenital hip osteoarthritis with high hip luxation (Crowe type IV)

OBJECTIVE The aim of the therapy is mechanical and functional stabilization of high dislocated hips with dysplasia coxarthrosis using total hip arthroplasty (THA). INDICATIONS Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in adults, symptomatic dysplasia coxarthrosis, high hip dislocation according to Crowe type III/IV, and symptomatic leg length inequality. CONTRAINDICATIONS Cerebrospinal dysfunction, muscular dystrophy, apparent disturbance of bone metabolism, acute or chronic infections, and immunocompromised patients. SURGICAL TECHNIQUE With the patient in a lateral decubitus position an incision is made between the anterior border of the gluteus maximus muscle and the posterior border of the gluteus medius muscle (Gibson interval). Identification of the sciatic nerve to protect the nerve from traction disorders by visual control. After performing trochanter flip osteotomy, preparation of the true actetabulum if possible. Implantation of the reinforcement ring, preparation of the femur and if necessary for mobilization, resection until the trochanter minor. Test repositioning under control of the sciatic nerve. Finally, refixation of the trochanteric crest. POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT During hospital stay, intensive mobilization of the hip joint using a continuous passive motion machine with maximum flexion of 70°. No active abduction and passive adduction over the body midline. Maximum weight bearing 10-15 kg for 8 weeks, subsequently, first clinical and radiographic follow-up and deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis until full weight bearing. RESULTS From 1995 to 2012, 28 THAs of a Crow type IV high hip-dislocation were performed in our institute. Until now 14 patients have been analyzed during a follow-up of 8 years in 2012. Mid-term results showed an improvement of the postoperative clinical score (Merle d'Aubigné score) in 86 % of patients. Good to excellent results were obtained in 79 % of cases. Long-term results are not yet available. In one case an iatrogenic neuropraxia of the sciatic nerve was observed and after trauma a redislocation of the arthroplasty appeared in another case. In 2 cases an infection of the THA appeared 8 and 15 months after index surgery. No pseudoarthrosis of the trochanter or aseptic loosening was noticed.