Los dos corazones del Paraguay.

Texto de la conferencia pronunciada por Román Escohotano en el Ateneo de Madrid el día 9 de abril de 1947

Hambre y desigualdad en los países andinos: la desnutrición y la vulnerabilidad alimentaria en Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador y Perú

Incluye Bibliografía

The meccano method for isogeometric solid modeling

[EN]We present a new method to construct a trivariate T-spline representation of complex solids for the application of isogeometric analysis. The proposed technique only demands the surface of the solid as input data. The key of this method lies in obtaining a volumetric parameterization between the solid and a simple parametric domain. To do that, an adaptive tetrahedral mesh of the parametric domain is isomorphically transformed onto the solid by applying the meccano method. The control points of the trivariate T-spline are calculated by imposing the interpolation conditions on points situated both on the inner and on the surface of the solid...

De la littérature considérée dans ses rapports avec les institutions sociales /

Mode of access: Internet.

Nueva luz sobre el origen de la guerra de la Triple Alianza

Introducción Este trabajo tiene tres objetivos claramente marcados: el primero, recordar el insigne amigo, cuyas paginas esclarecedoras  tanto nos han enseñado respecto al pasado de su patria, el Paraguay. El segundo, dar otro paso mas hacia el conocimiento de la verdad, respecto  de  los hechos coyunturales que dieron origen a la contienda mas cruenta en la historia moderna de la América Latina, que sumió el pueblo paraguayo en una nueva depresión económica, demográfica y social, similar a  la que experimenta durante el  largo régimen de Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia. Por ultimo, nos mueve un afán  propedéutico, dedicado a los alumnos de la cátedra de Metodología de la Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica.

Confiança como fator de redução da vulnerabilidade humana no ambiente de trabalho

O ambiente de trabalho predominante atualmente nas organizações complexas pode tanto atuar em favor da maior produtividade quanto debilitar a coesão e os laços de cooperação no trabalho. Neste último caso, faz emergir nos profissionais das empresas uma sensação de vulnerabilidade, traduzida por relacionamentos mais efêmeros e superficiais, que arrefecem a ação das pessoas. Neste artigo, trabalhou- se com a premissa de que o estabelecimento de um ambiente de confiança pode neutralizar essa sensação. O estudo teve como fim investigar se os profissionais percebem fragilidade nas relações de trabalho, como reagem à situação, e quais suas influências no processo de gestão. O material discursivo, recolhido de entrevistas em profundidade com gerentes de organizações multinacionais e nacionais de grande e médio porte, traz explicações para os motivos que levam à instalação da sensação de vulnerabilidade no trabalho. Essas reflexões permitem inferir que é possível instalar procedimentos de gestão, padrões de comportamento e cultura organizacional que atuem na reversão desse estado de coisas e desenvolvam ambientes de trabalho mais propícios.

Hydroxycinnamic acid antioxidants: an electrochemical overview

Hydroxycinnamic acids (such as ferulic, caffeic, sinapic, and p-coumaric acids) are a group of compounds highly abundant in food that may account for about one-third of the phenolic compounds in our diet. Hydroxycinnamic acids have gained an increasing interest in health because they are known to be potent antioxidants. These compounds have been described as chain-breaking antioxidants acting through radical scavenging activity, that is related to their hydrogen or electron donating capacity and to the ability to delocalize/stabilize the resulting phenoxyl radical within their structure.The free radical scavenger ability of antioxidants can be predicted from standard one-electron potentials. Thus, voltammetric methods have often been applied to characterize a diversity of natural and synthetic antioxidants essentially to get an insight into their mechanism and also as an important tool for the rational design of new and potent antioxidants.The structure-property-activity relationships (SPARs) correlations already established for this type of compounds suggest that redox potentials could be considered a good measure of antioxidant activity and an accurate guideline on the drug discovery and development process. Due to its magnitude in the antioxidant field, the electrochemistry of hydroxycinnamic acid-based antioxidants is reviewed highlighting the structure-property-activity relationships (SPARs) obtained so far.

A política de cooperação para o desenvolvimento da UE e dos EUA para Angola ( 2000-2004)

Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciência Política e Relações Internacionais

Numerical prediction of diffusion and electric field-induced iron nanoparticle transport

Zero valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI) are considered very promising for the remediation of contaminated soils and groundwaters. However, an important issue related to their limited mobility remains unsolved. Direct current can be used to enhance the nanoparticles transport, based on the same principles of electrokinetic remediation. In this work, a generalized physicochemical model was developed and solved numerically to describe the nZVI transport through porous media under electric field, and with different electrolytes (with different ionic strengths). The model consists of the Nernst–Planck coupled system of equations, which accounts for the mass balance of ionic species in a fluid medium, when both the diffusion and electromigration of the ions are considered. The diffusion and electrophoretic transport of the negatively charged nZVI particles were also considered in the system. The contribution of electroosmotic flow to the overall mass transport was included in the model for all cases. The nZVI effective mobility values in the porous medium are very low (10−7–10−4 cm2 V−1 s−1), due to the counterbalance between the positive electroosmotic flow and the electrophoretic transport of the negatively charged nanoparticles. The higher the nZVI concentration is in the matrix, the higher the aggregation; therefore, low concentration of nZVI suspensions must be used for successful field application.

La polémica identidad de los valencianos: a propósito de las reformas de los Estatutos de Autonomía

La cuestión de las nacionalidades se ha reabierto en España al calor de las reformas de los Estatutos de Autonomía impulsadas por el gobierno socialista de José Luís Rodríguez Zapatero. Sin embargo, no todas las reformas emprendidas por las Comunidades Autónomas han reivindicado el mismo tratamiento identitario en sus Estatutos. Este trabajo pretende ofrecer alguna luz, desde la ciencia política, para explicar el diferente curso identitario que caracteriza a la Comunidad Valenciana en relación a otras comunidades, como es el caso de Cataluña o Andalucía. A tal fin se exponen los modelos de autopercepción identitaria y su distribución o anclaje entre los valencianos, junto con el análisis de la repercusión de esta dimensión en términos electorales. Esos datos permiten al autor sugerir algunas explicaciones sobre el pacto estatutario alcanzado en torno a la identidad de los valencianos y sobre el comportamiento de los principales actores políticos valencianos en el proceso de reforma estatutaria de 2006.

Hallazgos oculares y sistémicos en pacientes con linfomas coroideos

Els limfomes coroideus (LC) secundaris són freqüentment bilaterals i representen malaltia limfomatosa sistèmica disseminada. Generalment són limfomes de cèl•lules B grans d’alt grau (agressius). Els LC primaris són freqüentment unilaterals, generalment de cèl•lules B de baix grau i poc agressius. L’extensió extraocular és freqüent. En tots dos tipus de LC, el tractament amb radioteràpia externa presenta excel•lents resultats. El LC primari aparentment té un millor pronòstic que el limfoma vitreoretinià. Per tant, és important identificar correctament tots dos tipus de limfomes ja que la diferència en el pronòstic pot influir en el pla de tractament.

Lupus eritematoso túmido. Estudio clínico, microscópico y fotobiológico

Hem realitzat un estudi retrospectiu de les característiques de 25 pacients amb lupus eritematós túmid (LET) i hem dut a terme un estudi fotobiológic en 9 pacients. Resultats: tots els pacients presentaren les lesions característiques de LET. Només un 20% associaren ANA positius i tan sols un pacient anti Ro positius. Cap pacient presentà complicacions sistèmiques. El 40% de les biòpsies mostraren alteracions epidérmiques lleus, sent el més freqüent la vaquolització de la basal. Estudi fotobiológic: fou positiu en el 55’5% dels pacients, amb un 80% de lesions provocades per UVB. Conclusions: El LET és una variant de LEC amb unes característiques clíniques i evolutives particulars. Microscòpicament, la presència d’alteracions epidérmiques lleus és molt més habitual del que alguns treballs reflecteixen. La fotoprovocació fou positiva en un percentatge significatiu de casos, predominantment dins de l’espectre UVB.

Atención a la caries dental y a las inclusiones dentarias : proceso asistencial integrado

Publicado en la página web de la Consejería de Igualdad, Salud y Políticas Sociales: www.juntadeandalucia.es/salud (Consejería de Igualdad, Salud y Políticas Sociales/ Profesionales / Nuestro Compromiso por la Calidad / Procesos Asistenciales Integrados)

"The 3/3 strategy": a successful multifaceted hospital wide hand hygiene intervention based on WHO and continuous quality improvement methodology.

BACKGROUND Only multifaceted hospital wide interventions have been successful in achieving sustained improvements in hand hygiene (HH) compliance. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Pre-post intervention study of HH performance at baseline (October 2007-December 2009) and during intervention, which included two phases. Phase 1 (2010) included multimodal WHO approach. Phase 2 (2011) added Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) tools and was based on: a) Increase of alcohol hand rub (AHR) solution placement (from 0.57 dispensers/bed to 1.56); b) Increase in frequency of audits (three days every three weeks: "3/3 strategy"); c) Implementation of a standardized register form of HH corrective actions; d) Statistical Process Control (SPC) as time series analysis methodology through appropriate control charts. During the intervention period we performed 819 scheduled direct observation audits which provided data from 11,714 HH opportunities. The most remarkable findings were: a) significant improvements in HH compliance with respect to baseline (25% mean increase); b) sustained high level (82%) of HH compliance during intervention; c) significant increase in AHRs consumption over time; c) significant decrease in the rate of healthcare-acquired MRSA; d) small but significant improvements in HH compliance when comparing phase 2 to phase 1 [79.5% (95% CI: 78.2-80.7) vs 84.6% (95% CI:83.8-85.4), p<0.05]; e) successful use of control charts to identify significant negative and positive deviations (special causes) related to the HH compliance process over time ("positive": 90.1% as highest HH compliance coinciding with the "World hygiene day"; and "negative":73.7% as lowest HH compliance coinciding with a statutory lay-off proceeding). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE CQI tools may be a key addition to WHO strategy to maintain a good HH performance over time. In addition, SPC has shown to be a powerful methodology to detect special causes in HH performance (positive and negative) and to help establishing adequate feedback to healthcare workers.