L'exigence de coopération dans les contrats internationaux de franchise

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Analyse ludique de la franchise Saw

La saga Saw est une franchise qui a marqué le cinéma d’horreur des années 2000. Le présent mémoire tâchera d’en faire une étude détaillée et rigoureuse en utilisant la notion de jeu. En élaborant tout d’abord un survol du cinéma d’horreur contemporain et en observant la réception critique de la saga à travers l’étude de différents articles, ce travail tentera en majeure partie d’analyser la franchise Saw en rapport avec l’approche ludique du cinéma en général et celle adoptée par Bernard Perron. Cette étude, qui s’élaborera tant au niveau diégétique que spectatoriel, aura pour but de montrer l’importance de la place qu’occupe la notion de jeu dans cette série de films.

Don't make war, make elections : Franchise extension and violence in XIXth-century Colombia

This paper studies the effect of strengthening democracy, as captured by an increase in voting rights, on the incidence of violent civil conflict in nineteenth-century Colombia. Empirically studying the relationship between democracy and conflict is challenging, not only because of conceptual problems in defining and measuring democracy, but also because political institutions and violence are jointly determined. We take advantage of an experiment of history to examine the impact of one simple, measurable dimension of democracy (the size of the franchise) on con- flict, while at the same time attempting to overcome the identification problem. In 1853, Colombia established universal male suffrage. Using a simple difference-indifferences specification at the municipal level, we find that municipalities where more voters were enfranchised relative to their population experienced fewer violent political battles while the reform was in effect. The results are robust to including a number of additional controls. Moreover, we investigate the potential mechanisms driving the results. In particular, we look at which components of the proportion of new voters in 1853 explain the results, and we examine if results are stronger in places with more political competition and state capacity. We interpret our findings as suggesting that violence in nineteenth-century Colombia was a technology for political elites to compete for the rents from power, and that democracy constituted an alternative way to compete which substituted violence.

Retail franchising : management and support within the franchise network

Management and support within the franchise network has been an underdeveloped area in the literature to date, especially in the international context. In light of this acknowledgment, the current paper will focus on management and support within the franchise network, by looking at coercive and non-coercive power sources, as methods used for control in the franchisor-franchisee relationship. The relationships between these power sources, the degree of uniformity and the franchise offering will subsequently be addressed.

Allocation of authority in franchise chains

This article investigates the level of delegation in franchise chains, distinguishing the two most relevant franchising models: Business Format Franchising and Learning Network Franchising. The two models basically differ on the level of real authority (effective control over decisions) exercised by the franchisors. Differences in business features, such as the required standardization, monitoring costs and consumer sensitivity to variations in product attributes (consumer measurement costs), explain the adoption of the different models of franchising. These variables affect the trade-off between the risk of brand name loss and the gains in knowledge sharing and learning within the network. The higher the need for standardization, the higher is the risk of brand name loss, and, consequently, the more likely the franchisor will adopt an organizational design that confers more control over franchisees’ decisions, such as business format franchising. This paper presents two case studies with Brazilian food franchise chains that illustrate the main argument and suggest additional propositions. Moreover, an empirical analysis of 223 franchise chains provides additional support to the hypothesis of a negative the effect of required standardization on the level of delegation.

Sistema de "franchise": uma estratégia alternativa para a hotelaria brasileira

O tema central da dissertação é o sistema de franchise, método de distribuição de bens ou serviços, largamente difundido nos Estados Unidos e Europa. O franchise é, em linhas gerais, um sistema que visa a distribuição seletiva de bens e/ou serviços, sob uma determinada marca, através de estabelecimentos comerciais independentes. Através de um contrato de franchising uma empresa concede a uma outra o direito de explorar um certo tipo de negócio, de acordo com os procedimentos estabelecidos por ela.

Unfair franchise practices [microform] : hearing before the Subcommittee on Antitrust, Impact of Deregulation, and Privatization of the Committee on Small Business, House of Representatives, One Hundredth Congress, second session, Washington, DC, August 4, 1988.

"Serial no. 100-72."

Franchise opportunities handbook.

This is a directory of companies that grant franchises with detailed information for each listed franchise.