Efeitos da experimentação no cotidiano letivo no ensino médio

In this work, it was studied the effects of the experimentation in the physics teaching. Beginning from the theoretic reference and discussions, the objective was prove the efficiency of researches of this nature related to two main aspects of a class: The aroused interest in the students and the facilitating action on the understanding of the theory. For such objective, using the comparison, it was chosen two distinct classes, but the more similar possible, so that, in one of them, it was showed a tradition class, lectures and in another, a class using experimentation to contemplate the theory. To manage a way to rate these aspects, it was made a conceptual questionnaire, requiring only concepts rather than mathematics and equations, besides specific interviews to rate the opinion of the student related to each method. The observations in classes and of the reactions of the students also were of a big value to analysis. After the experimental class completed, it may analyze and conclude some positive points related to experimental methods: As for the opinion of the students, the approval was big, and the majority opined to this class as being “more interesting”. On the point of view of learning, it had a sensitive improvement of grades, but with more mature answers, deep and autonomous, if looking at a general vision

O uso de experimentos didáticos como ferramenta para o ensino de física nos anos iniciais da educação básica

When it comes to teaching physics in the early years of elementary school, the first question is: but there are opportunities to teach concepts to children of such complexity? This study sought to examine approaches and strategies to enter the Basic Education in Physics. To this end, we used low cost materials testing, taking as its starting point the work of Ferreira (1978) instrumentation for Teaching Physics, particularly with the theme electrostatics. The present study was made from the use of prototypes developed with the materials cited. Observations were made in the classroom looking for, from the records of teaching, analyzing the behavior of children and their arguments, possibilities for Physics Teaching this age group as well as some evidence of their cognitive development. In teaching discussions were held with students of the early years of elementary school involving conceptual and phenomenological aspects, adapting such knowledge at the level of logical and mathematical thinking that was still under development. The work shows that it is possible to work on electrostatic physical concepts with children belonging to the age group of nine to ten years. With the support of the group Pibid Physics city of Rio Claro, I realize my observations and practices at the Municipal School Marcelo Schmidt, which proved to be available and open for acceptance of this proposal

Instrumentos antigos para o ensino de física: o tubo de Newton e seu uso no passado

O objetivo deste estudo é buscar compreender aspectos do trabalho experimental no ensino de Física no Brasil no passado, focalizando um instrumento antigo - o tubo de Newton. Considerando que a partir da Reforma Francisco Campos, em 1931, houve uma expansão do ensino secundário brasileiro e um aumento da presença de disciplinas científicas no currículo desse curso, examinamos as recomendações oficiais para o ensino de Física de 1931até 1961, quando foi promulgada a primeira Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional. Procuramos investigar como o uso do tubo de Newton aparece em livros didáticos de Física para a educação secundária, editados em nosso país, no período delimitado. Em nossas conclusões consideramos que o conhecimento histórico pode ajudar a compreender aspectos relevantes a respeito do papel da experimentação no ensino de Física em nossos dias.

Epistemologia e experimentos nos cadernos de física do currículo do estado de São Paulo

Pós-graduação em Educação para a Ciência - FC

Estratégias experimentais de ensino visando contribuir com o ensino de Física de modo significativo: atividades de eletricidade, magnetismo e eletromagnetismo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Experimento de física controlado remotamente: uma avaliação sobre processo de ensino e de aprendizagem

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Aplicação do laboratório virtual no curso de licenciatura em física da Universidade de São Paulo - Trabalho e Apresentação.

Fazendo uso de recursos virtuais buscamos apresentar ao professor uma nova estratégia de ensino para aulas de física que atraia o aluno e o envolva de forma investigativa na busca pelo conhecimento. Para tanto será apresentado o Laboratório Virtual, espaço esse que visa complementar a ação docente em sala de aula, a fim de trabalhar conceitos abstratos de maneira experimental. Este laboratório foi desenvolvido a partir da filmagem de sistemas reais com o objetivo de observar todo o movimento do objeto em estudo junto com um instrumento que possibilitou a medida de sua posição. Posteriormente, incorporou-se ao vídeo um código de tempo, de modo que, ao transformar-se o filme em quadros independentes, as imagens extraídas permitiram medir a posição ocupada pelo corpo em instantes sucessivos e conhecidos. Com uma tabela de posição por tempo toda a evolução dinâmica do sistema pode ser obtida. Esse espaço virtual vem sendo usado desde 2004 nos cursos de mecânica da graduação em Licenciatura em Física da Universidade de São Paulo e vem se apresentando como uma inovação no método de desenvolvimento curricular, uma vez que busca na tecnologia uma nova maneira de trazer a experimentação para o contexto do ensino.

O ensino de conceitos de física quântica no ensino médio utilizando experimentos de baixo custo

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Física, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Física, Mestrado Nacional Profissional em Ensino de Física, 2015.

Estruturas metodológicas direcionadas ao ensino de cinemática para educandos diagnosticados com TDAH : utilizando o modellus como interface interativa entre a teoria e a experimentação

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Física, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Física, 2015.

Experimentação em química de compostos organometálicos: preparação do cloreto de dicarbonilciclopentadienilferro(II)

In this work, we describe a new method for obtaining [Fe(CO)2[(eta5-C5H5)Cl] employing simple techniques and low-cost reagents. It is worth mentioning that this method is faster than others reported in the literature. It was applied in laboratory classes for undergraduate students, exploring different concepts in organometallic chemistry and discussing the steps involved in the synthetic route.

Avaliação física do tomate de mesa 'Romana' durante manuseio na pós-colheita

Tomato postharvest losses are very high in Brazil and the goal of this research was to evaluate the effect of handling and the transport of tomato fruits, cultivar Romana on the steps of harvesting, weight and transportation to the packinghouse, pointing some critical points. Tomatoes were harvested at plastic boxes, weighted and shipped to a packinghouse. Fruits taken directly from the plant were determined as reference. The parameters evaluated were weight loss and mechanical injury and tomato physical quality after storage during 21 days. It was observed an increasing on the weight loss, external damage, and postharvest losses, after storage. Handling and transportation were the cause of an increase in 6.6% in external damage and 1.93% of weight loss after storage, when comparing harvested fruits and fruits evaluated on the packing-house. The main reason for postharvest losses was due to mechanical injury caused during transportation mainly due to the compressure force among fruits and against the plastic boxes.

Caracterização física e mecânica de argamassas à base de cimento Portland e cinza de casca de arroz residual

Rice husk, employed as an energy source at milling industries in Brazil generates, after burning, a dark ash. This residue is not yet conveniently disposed, being currently dumped on large areas, causing environmental problems. This research intended to evaluate the applications of residual rice husk ashes (RHA) as a partial replacement of cement for mortar production. Rice husk ash was chemically characterized through X-ray fluorescence, determination of carbon content, X-ray diffraction, and laser granulometric analysis. Mortar specimens were submitted to two different exposure conditions: internal and external environments at a maximum period of five months. Physical-mechanical testing were compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV). Although presenting good mechanical performance, the mortar based on ash (RHA) did not present pozolanicity but it can be employed in cement matrices as inert material (filler).

Pesquisa qualitativa em Educação Física: possibilidades de construção de conhecimento a partir do referencial cultural

This work indicates presuppositions for the qualitative research in Physical Education, starting with a literature review based on the cultural frame of reference. Firstly, we introduce the debate concerning the natural and the human sciences and implications for the Physical Education; we then use a cultural axis as a ground basis for the research in the area, proposing the 'dense description' as a possibility for knowledge building; finally, we bring up examples of studies conducted with such an approach. This theoretical methodological approach allows the study of the human being as a cultural being, thus opposed to the naturalised view of a human - predominant in Physical Education.

Influência da atividade física na qualidade de vida e auto-imagem de mulheres incontinentes

Our aim was to verify the influence of a physical activities proposal in the quality of life and self image of incontinent women. This study was comparative and exploratory and was developed in 16 weeks. Thirty-seven women with and without urinary incontinence (IU) participated in the study. After the study, significant improvement in general health perception (p < 0.001), UI impact (p = 0.035), physical limitations (p = 0.015), personal relations, (p = 0.048), sleep and disposition (p = 0.012) and concerned with the gravity measurements (p = 0.011) was observed. Concerning self image, alterations in appearance were not observed; however, concerning body satisfaction, the women felt less satisfied with their bodies (p = 0.007). There was a reduction in the number of regions where they felt pain (p = 0.0003) and that they did not like (p = 0.0017). In conclusion, the Physical Education professionals using a systematized and integrated physical activities program can lead the women with IU to significant improvement in the perception of their quality of life and health concerning their self image with improvement of the IU symptoms and reduction of frequency and amount of urinary loss.

Qualidade de vida de portadores de Diabetes Mellitus tipo II frente às oscilações no nível de atividade física, aspectos socioeconômicos e presença de comorbidades

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física