294 resultados para Estigma


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Este artigo investiga o impacto do estigma sobre as decisões econômicas dos indivíduos beneficiados por algum programa de transferência federal. Estigma é definido aqui como a desutilidade resultante em participar de algum programa de transferência. Em particular, estima-se que o estigma afeta positivamente a procura por novos empregos e redução do desemprego dentro da família, bem como implica em maior assiduidade escolar. Isto contrasta com Moffit (1983) que sugere que o estigma reduz o número de horas trabalhadas. Em termos de políticas públicas, o trabalho sugere que os governos levem em consideração este efeito quando decidirem implementar determinados programas de transferência de renda

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O objetivo desta pesquisa é compreender como os atores públicos que participaram, direta ou indiretamente, da Operação Centro Legal de 2012, qualificaram, em seu discurso, o uso de crack e a região conhecida por “cracolândia”, em São Paulo, notadamente a Polícia Militar do Estado de São Paulo. O problema de pesquisa consiste na compreensão das diferentes falas que os atores tem em torno do uso de crack e da cracolândia de São Paulo, levando em consideração um quadro teórico que se foca no estudo do estigma, do desvio e do conhecimento enquanto instrumento de poder. A conclusão é que o estigma e o conhecimento de um determinado ramo do campo da psiquiatria foram elementos muito importantes e influentes na construção da imagem verbalizada pelos atores pesquisados com respeito ao uso do crack e à “cracolândia”.

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The tradition and living in African-Brazilian religious spaces, called yards, reveal how dynamic the reproduction and exchange of knowledge are, and that through their worldview, reveal ways of dealing with health and disease. The yards are culturally rich territories, in which people shape concepts, practices, and beliefs about health, disease and forms of healing, passed on from generation to generation through oral tradition. With the advent of HIV/AIDS from the 80s, a new challenge is established in the community of the yards and in the individual trajectories of people affected by the disease, who since an early age participate in this religious practice. The objective of this research is the analysis on the stigma in living with HIV/AIDS in yards of Umbanda in Fortaleza-Ceará, considering the (re)production of social dramas experienced by the community in question. During the investigation we adopted two basic parameters: the first one considers the understanding of the reproduction of stigma (or deteriorated identity) in relation to HIV/AIDS in its socio-historical dimension and its effects in the investigated context (Goffman, 1988). And the second one refers to the creation and reproduction of social dramas as a social experience carried through learning, handling and symbolic performance, which is reproduced in four stages: rupture, crisis, corrective action and reintegration (Turner, 1971)

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Leprosy is a chronic infectious-contagious disease, caused by Mycobacterium leprae, manifested by dermatological and neurological signs and symptoms and has great disabling power. It was marked by a strong stigma throughout its history, since its bearers represented a threat, target of fear and social contempt. Currently, leprosy has treatment and cure, and the need to separate the diseased from family and social environment is no more necessary. However, patients still suffer prejudice and discrimination. This study aimed to understand the social representations of leprosy that interfere modifying mental health of the patient with leprosy in relation to stigma and prejudice. This is a descriptive and exploratory study, with qualitative approach, which involved 22 users of the Special Care Clinic in Infectious Diseases at the Hospital Giselda Trigueiro, located in Natal / RN. They were in use of multidrug therapy in the period of data collection, were of both sexes, aged between 16 and 80 years of age and classified as paucibacillary or multibacillary. The study was approved by the UFRN Ethics in Research Committee. Data collection was performed by filling the questionnaire identification and then for conducting the semi-structured interview, which was recorded. After the end of data collection, there was the construction of tables and graphs, using the Microsoft Excel Start 2010 for proper characterization of the research subjects; and for the treatment of the data obtained from the interviews, was used the Content Analysis and based on the Theory of Social Representations. The subjects studied were mostly male (64%), married or in a stable relationship (68%), concentrated in the age group 50-60 years (36%) and 28-38 years (23%), had at most elementary education (65%) and were low-income (59%). Of the total respondents, 64% were classified as multibacillary, with predominantly dimorfous form, and 50% had disability grade I or II, with different periods of diagnosis. The reports originate two categories: 1. The negative meanings of illness and leprosy; and 2. The positive meanings of illness in leprosy, which were subsequently subdivided into subcategories. Thus, it was found that in the group studied, the social representation of leprosy experiences a moment of transition, as regards the understanding of the disease and its way of experiencing the disease process. Such representation is anchored in the quality of information on the disease of its bearers and aimed at an attempt to face the illness of leprosy as a "normal process". It was found in this study that the transition is due to the work of combating stigma and consequences of leprosy, which is able to gradually transform reality, both regarding the team work of reference, and in relation to a broader character, of actions of health education, which favors overcoming of psychosocial disabilities

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The increase in survival time and cure requires more extensive care about the quality of life of cancer patients, which begins soon after diagnosis. Thus, it seems reasonable to the emphasis on development of studies covering the psychosocial variables, such as stigma, treatment of childhood cancer aiming thereby to the attention of the overall needs of the child. Thus, this research aims to investigate the perception of stigma and quality of life in children with cancer. This is a cross-sectional research and understanding of the descriptive type, the type specimen being adopted for convenience. This consisted of thirty children with cancer and thirty children without chronic disease. The instruments used were the Quality of Life Questionnaire, the Perceived Stigma Scale and Technical Drawing Story with a Theme. The results indicate that the chronic condition, no interfered significantly in satisfaction with the quality of life in children with cancer and identified that the quality of life is not related to the stigma. Comparison with children with no chronic disease with infants with cancer, no significant differences were observed. However, the group mean contrast was lower, suggesting a greater impairment in quality of life of children with cancer compared to those without chronic disease. It is worth noting that the psychosocial effects and the limitations imposed by disease and treatment are presented as important factors in the design mode of subjective manifestations of children with cancer. Therefore, it is expected that knowledge elucidated by this study will assist, greatly to the promotion of improved emotional, biological and social development itself and the involvement of children with cancer treatment

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Incluye Bibliografía

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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This study approaches the ways that stigmas and stereotypes of lesbianity influence the sexuality realm of the lives of women who define themselves as lesbians. Basing on the gender and feminists studies, we questioned the legitimations of the heteronormativist society presented as arbitrary speeches about the lesbian existence - the promiscuity and the sexual illegitimacy. Starting from interviews in depth, we presented how the participants of the research (lesbian women) discourse regarding the construction of their subjectivations, through their life histories narratives. That research was financed by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo FAPESP, and accomplished by the Pos-Graduation Program of the Universidade Estadual Paulista Campus of Assis-SP.

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Pós-graduação em Docência para a Educação Básica - FC

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CONTEXTO: O estigma que pesa sobre as doenças psiquiátricas é o mais forte impedimento para que o paciente busque tratamento, mais até que a dificuldade de acesso aos serviços de saúde. A esquizofrenia também é a doença mais usada hoje como metáfora na mídia, aparecendo rotineiramente associada a crimes e violência. OBJETIVOS: Avaliação da presença do estigma estrutural na mídia brasileira por meio do levantamento de notícias em imprensa e internet que utilizam o termo "esquizofrenia" e correlatos ("esquizofrênico/a") sob três aspectos: (a) uso médico e científico; (b) atribuição do diagnóstico de esquizofrenia a suspeitos de crimes com pouco ou nenhum rigor médico ou científico; (c) uso metafórico. MÉTODOS: O estudo foi realizado em três etapas: levantamento de notícias, classificação dos itens encontrados e análise do contexto em que foram publicados. O levantamento foi realizado em dois períodos - 2008 e 2011 -, sendo o primeiro restrito ao jornal Folha de S. Paulo e o segundo ampliado para os portais dos principais veículos impressos brasileiros. RESULTADOS: Foram encontrados 229 textos, distribuídos da seguinte forma: 89 (39%) registros em ciência e saúde, com tendência à impessoalidade; 62 (27%) registros em crime e violência, em que o "diagnóstico" de esquizofrenia é feito por leigos e "corroborado" por uma arqueologia da vida do suspeito que arrola toda sorte de comportamentos fora de padrão; 78 (34%) de uso metafórico, sempre de caráter depreciativo. CONCLUSÕES: A maioria dos textos encontrados (a) não dá voz ao portador de esquizofrenia e a seu sofrimento, (b) banaliza a doença psiquiátrica ao empregá-la fora de contexto para caracterizar decisões políticas e econômicas contraditórias ou de caráter duvidoso e (c) reforça o estigma que pesa sobre o portador de esquizofrenia ao personalizá-lo apenas nos raros casos de violência em que se supõe seu diagnóstico.

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Presentación en la 4ta. Conferencia Regional del CLACAI. Reafirmando el legado de Cairo: Aborto legal y seguro. Lima, 21 y 22 de Agosto de 2014

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Este artículo se origina en una investigación llevada a cabo mediante metodologías cualitativas de las ciencias sociales. Su objetivo es compartir algunos de los avances del estudio realizado en una clínica del Gobierno del Distrito Federal para explorar los efectos de la implantación de la interrupción legal del embarazo (ILE) en el personal que proporciona este servicio sanitario. Se subraya que además de disminuir los riesgos en la salud de las mujeres, la ILE con misoprostol impulsó un cambio de actitud de muchas usuarias, lo que expresa una disminución de los efectos negativos provocados por el estigma, aunque se sigue detectando la persistencia del estigma en las opiniones del personal sanitario. El fortalecimiento personal de las mujeres que se someten a este procedimiento legal se debe a que llevan a cabo el ejercicio pleno de un derecho.

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Este video promociona la publicación "Investigación sobre aborto en América Latina y El Caribe : una agenda renovada para informar políticas públicas e incidencia", es un estado del arte que reúne el conocimiento disponible, producido en América Latina en el período 2009 a 2014. Aborda diversos aspectos de los temas más relevantes de la investigación sobre aborto inducido, desde una revisión crítica de resultados y metodologías, que apunta a identificar tendencias y resultados notables en cada temática