Griggs' Folly: An Essay on the Theory, Problems, and Origin of the Adverse Impact Definition of Employment Discrimination and a Recommendation for Reform

This Article examines the adverse impact theory of employment discrimination under Title VII. The author begins by discussing the development of adverse impact in the case law, and by scrutinizing its theoretical underpinnings. He demonstrates that Congress did not intend to mandate adoption of adverse impact theory when it established Title VII. The author then argues that the Courts have exceeded their authority under Title VII by embracing the theory of adverse impact. He concludes that the courts should therefore return to a narrower theory of employment discrimination, namely, a theory based on the legal concept of “intent.”

Convolution: A Woven Sculptural Installation. Catalogue essay

The catalogue essay contextualises the creative practices of Casselle Mountford and Anaheke Matua, in terms of their involvement with the Lines in the Sand Art and Environment festivals on Minjerribah, and in terms of their own operational and ethical processes and ethos. It seeks to express the intertwining and blurring of nature and culture in the traditional methods and idiosyncratic expression of these two artists.

Seltsame Kaempfer der Neuzeit : Ein Essay und Hörspiel.

Annotated typescript of a radio play about Jewish history from 1492 to the 19th century; philosophers - Moses Mendelssohn and others - striving for right, justice, and humanity.

About the limits of metalanguage: An essay on the modelisation of Latin grammatical lexicography

[EN] Progress in methodology in specific fields is usually very closely linked to the technological progress in other areas of knowledge. This justifies the fact that lexicographical techniques have had to wait for the arrival of the IT era of the last decades of the 20th century in order to be able to create specialised electronic dictionaries which can house and systemise enormous amounts of information which can later be dealt with quickly and efficiently. This study proposes a practical-methodological model which aims to solve the grammatical treatment of adverbs in Ancient Latin. We have suggested a list of 5 types, in a decreasing order from a greater to lesser degree of specialisation; technical (T), semi-technical (S-T), instrumental-valued (I-V), instrumental- descriptive (I-D), instrumental-expository (I-E).

Inklusion als Verstrickung. Essay

Im Anschluß an das narrative Verständnis der Zeit bei Paul Ricoeur und Wilhelm Schapp entwickelt der Text die These, daß Lebenszeit die Summe der erzählten und erzählbaren Geschichten ist, die wir über uns und die wir einander zu erzählen haben. Wenn diese These Geltung besitzt, plausibel und nachvollziehbar ist, dann sind Sonderpädagogen Geschichtenerzähler. Allerdings (re-)konstruieren sie nur eine Geschichte, nämlich die der Behinderung. Nur in diesem Fokus sind andere Menschen sonderpädagogisch überhaupt interessant. Dieser unauflösliche Widerspruch fundiert Sonderpädagogik. Fatal im Sinne von „end-gültig“ist die Konsequenz für den so Erzählten: wer nur eine Geschichte von sich zu erzählen hat, über wen es nur eine Geschichte zu erzählen gibt, der ist arm dran. Behinderung ist ein Geschichtsmonopol. Dem ist nur durch disziplinkritische Auswilderung zu entgehen. Die pädagogische Aufgabe liegt in der Eröffnung eines Horizontes von Geschichten. Dies kann die verengenden institutionellen und organisatorischen Fragestellungen gegenwärtiger inklusiver Bewegungsforschung erweitern und ergänzen. Es ist dabei gleichgültig, ob dies zu einer Neubestimmung von akademischer Sonderpädagogik oder ihrer Substituierung führt. Die weißen Handschuhe auszuziehen gilt es allemal. (DIPF/Orig.)

Hand arthritis in systemic lupus erythematosus: an ultrasound pictorial essay.

A small minority of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients may develop a deforming arthritis, typically with a non-erosive (Jaccoud's) pattern, although erosive features indistinguishable from rheumatoid arthritis may also occur. High-resolution ultrasonography (HRUS) allows detailed 'real time' imaging of joint and tendon morphostructural changes involving the hand in patients with several rheumatic diseases. The main aim of this pictorial essay is to provide the first descriptive HRUS and power Doppler (PD) findings of joint and tendon involvement of the hand and wrist in patients with SLE arthritis. Seventeen patients with SLE and hand involvement were examined. HRUS of the wrist, 2nd and 3rd MCP joints, 3rd PIP joint and 2nd, 3rd and 4th finger flexor tendons were studied in the dominant hand for each patient. Sixteen (94%) patients had joint effusion or synovial hypertrophy in the wrist. Twelve (71%) patients had joint effusion or synovial hypertrophy in 2nd or 3rd MCPJs. Eight (47%) patients had erosion at 2nd or 3rd MCPJs. In three cases erosions were not present radiologically. Eleven (65%) patients had evidence of tenosynovitis. In SLE, HRUS with PD detects a high prevalence of inflammatory pathology in the tendons and synovium of the hand and wrist, and a high prevalence of MCP joint erosions. HRUS offers a sensitive, real-time and readily repeatable assessment of soft-tissue, inflammatory and bony changes in SLE hands.

Crossing borders: Space and identity in the essay by Angelina Muñiz

In this study, we establish a relation between the representation of space in Muñiz’s essays and the construction of the essayist’s complex identity which combines Spanish, Jewish and Mexican traits. We concentrate on Angelina Muñiz’s essays Las raíces y las ramas (1993) and El canto del peregrino (1999). Methodologically, we rely on Maingueneau’s concept of ‘scenography’, according to which the text stages its own situation of enunciation. Our starting point is the triple Spanish-Jewish-Mexican identity of the essayist. Our research question is about how the essayist deals with the space corresponding to respectively the Spanish and Mexican part of her identity. Secondly, we analyse the representation in the essays of a space corresponding to her Jewish roots. We find that Muñiz’s vision of space is not static; the essayist’s vision on space is dynamic, open, free and characterized by a constant free movement across national borders. Similar to the concept of space of the ‘diaspora’, her vision is constructed without the limitations imposed by national borderlines or geographical distances.

The circle in the relationship between space and body. Photo-essay based on Isidro Blasco and the BAPNE method

This article demonstrates a visual study on the educational space in which the teaching of body percussion is carried out in universities. The methodological framework is chosen by the Visual Arts Based Educational Research, using the work of an artist as a conceptual and methodological model. The research remains notable (1) due to the theoretical reference to the BAPNE method, (2) due to the visual reference to the work of Isidro Blasco – especially with the piece “Shanghai Planet 2009” - ;(3) due to the parallelisms established between the object of study in this investigation -the spatial analysis- and the focuses of interest revealed by the art critics in relation to the work of this artist. By means of a visual speech formed with 7 photo-collages the relationship between body and educational space is visualized in the basic disposition of circular learning. The visual constructions by way of photo-collage and their aesthetic charge brings us closer to the intimacy of the educational space, in the style in which it is distributed to the students in the music classroom, the materialization of interpersonal relationships, the occupied and empty volumes.