Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Applied Innovations in IT

This volume contains publications of the 1st International Conference on Applied Innovations in IT (ICAIIT), which took place in Koethen March 25th 2013. The conference is devoted to problems of applied research in the fields of mechanical and economical engineering, auotmation and communications as well as of data mining. The research results can be of interest for researchers and development engineers, who deal with theoretical base and the application of the knowledge in the respective areas.

Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Applied Innovations in IT

This volume contains publications of the 2nd International Conference on Applied Innovations in IT (ICAIIT), which took place in Koethen March 27th 2014. The conference is devoted to problems of applied research in the fields of automation and communications. The research results can be of interest for researchers and development engineers, who deal with theoretical base and the application of the knowledge in the respective areas.

Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Applied Innovations in IT

This volume contains publications of the 3rd International Conference on Applied Innovations in IT (ICAIIT), which took place in Koethen March 19th 2015. The conference is devoted to problems of applied research in the fields of automation and communications. The research results can be of interest for researchers and development engineers, who deal with theoretical base and the application of the knowledge in the respective areas.

Environment conditions and biological innovations in the european agrarian growth, 1819-1939

The circumstances that were the driving forces behind Europe's economic growth beginning in the 19th century are diverse, and not easily prioritized. Until the 1970's, specifically, in Economy and Economic History, attention was focused on different institutional and technological variables, and various regularities were proposed. Nevertheless, new studies also underlined that the evolution of economic activity could not be understood considering only the new production possibilities offered by market economies. As a result, today it is also accepted that those processes can not be explained without considering two additional circumstances: the energy flows that sustained them, and the changes undergone in their transformation In this context, a question arises that takes on special importance. Which was the influence of the biological change in the economic growth?. A part of the flows of energy must be made into food, and this transformation can only happen with the participation.

Technical innovations at the service of cheaper labour in pre-industrial Europe. The Enlightened agenda to transform the gender division of labour in silk manufacturing

In 1749, Jacques de Vaucanson patented his or tour pour tirer la soie or spindle for silk reeling. In that same year he presented his invention to the Academy of the Sciences in Paris, of which he was a member1. Jacques de Vaucanson was born in Grenoble, France, in 1709, and died in Paris in 1782. In 1741 he had been appointed inspector of silk manufactures by Louis XV. He set about reorganizing the silk industry in France, in considerable difficulty at the time due to foreign competition. Given Vaucanson’s position, his invention was intended to replace the traditional Piémontes method, and had an immediate impact upon the silk industry in France and all over Europe.

Disentangling the effects of key innovations on the diversification of Bromelioideae (bromeliaceae).

The evolution of key innovations, novel traits that promote diversification, is often seen as major driver for the unequal distribution of species richness within the tree of life. In this study, we aim to determine the factors underlying the extraordinary radiation of the subfamily Bromelioideae, one of the most diverse clades among the neotropical plant family Bromeliaceae. Based on an extended molecular phylogenetic data set, we examine the effect of two putative key innovations, that is, the Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) and the water-impounding tank, on speciation and extinction rates. To this aim, we develop a novel Bayesian implementation of the phylogenetic comparative method, binary state speciation and extinction, which enables hypotheses testing by Bayes factors and accommodates the uncertainty on model selection by Bayesian model averaging. Both CAM and tank habit were found to correlate with increased net diversification, thus fulfilling the criteria for key innovations. Our analyses further revealed that CAM photosynthesis is correlated with a twofold increase in speciation rate, whereas the evolution of the tank had primarily an effect on extinction rates that were found five times lower in tank-forming lineages compared to tank-less clades. These differences are discussed in the light of biogeography, ecology, and past climate change.

Tests de dépistage de drogues dans les écoles et les entreprises

Problématiques sur le plan éthique, mais aussi sur le plan juridique, les tests de dépistage des substances psychoactives en milieu scolaire et en milieu professionnel renvoient d'abord et avant tout à un examen d'aptitude. Celui-ci est du ressort de l'intervenant médical, sous couvert des garanties d'adéquation, de pertinence et de proportionnalité des moyens d'évaluation mis en oeuvre, ainsi que des règles relatives au consentement et à la confidentialité.

Nouveautés en médecine ambutatoire: dépistage, traitement et iatrogénicité [Innovations in ambulatory care: screening, treatment and iatrogenicity]

Cette année, six études utiles pour la pratique ont été retenues. L'indication à la mammographie entre 40 et 49 ans devrait être évaluée individuellement et en tenant compte des risques/bénéfices de cet examen. Au-delà de 65 ans, un dépistage systématique de la fibrillation auriculaire avec prise de pouls puis ECG (si pouls irrégulier) pourrait être réalisé de manière systématique. Les risques de complications postcolonoscopie existent, particulièrement suite à des biopsies/polypectomies, et ce risque devrait être discuté. Les inhibiteurs de la pompe à protons au long court sont un facteur de risque de fracture de hanche. S'il est important de prendre en charge des pressions artérielles élevées au-delà de 80 ans, il faut être prudent (orthostatisme). Une corticothérapie précoce suite à une paralysie faciale périphérique est efficace. This year we have selected six studies useful for the day to day practice. A mammography in women 40 to 49 years of age should be evaluated taking into account the patient's profile and the possible risks and benefits of this exam. In patients over 65 years of age, a systematic atrial fibrillation screening, with pulse rate measuring then ECG (if irregular beat) should be realised on a regular basis. The risks for complications following colonoscopies do exist, especially after biopsies/polypectomies and this risk should be discussed. Long term proton pump inhibitor treatment is a risk factor for hip fracture. It is important to treat high blood pressure problems in the elderly, but the orthostatic risks should be adressed. A corticoid treatment started quickly for Bell's palsy is efficient

Les délits commis par les employés dans les secteurs commercial et financier : certaines formes de la criminalité économique à la lumière d'une étude de victimisation et de prévention dans les entreprises du canton de Genève

Summary: Victims of crime are not only physical persons. Firms also experience some different forms of victimization either from outsiders or front employees. Crimes committed inside the firm are various: theft, embezzlement, fraud, fraudulent management, money laundering, vandalism etc. Assessed damage could be considerable. But in general, most of the criminological studies relating to victimization have been interested in individuals as victims. In Switzerland, to date, research on firms'victimization is simply rare and traditional research methods such as victimization survey, self-reported delinquency or controlled experiments are not very much utilized in Swiss white-collar crime studies. Thus, in order to improve the situation, we have decided to start a victimization study on white-collar crime committed in firms of the canton of Geneva. To narrow the field of research, our project seeks to apprehend white-collar crime as a series of offences committed by employees inside the firm, by fraud or deceit, aiming at an illegitimate enrichment. The phenomenon of white-collar crime perpetrated has been evaluated by examining the presence of risk factors and prevention strategies. Furthermore, the correlation between the victimization rate and some aspects of vulnerability has also been investigated. Using data collected from the victimization survey carried out in 2005, some of the key research questions are the following: - which are the types of offences committed? - Which types of measure of prevention are the most efficient to prevent such offences ? - Which type of business is more vulnerable? - Which are the risk factors? - Which is the profile of the authors? - Which are the motivations?, etc. Findings show that companies which valorize their employees and pursue a transparent management style suffer a lower victimization rate. Further, the retail sector seems to be more affected than the financial sector and big firms are more vulnerable.