Design de equipamento médico

Dissertação de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Design de Produto, apresentada na Universidade de Lisboa - Faculdade de Arquitectura.

Pesquisa-design formação: uma proposta metodológica para a produção de Recursos Educacionais Abertos na cibercultura

Essa pesquisa inspirou-se nos movimentos sociais recentes relacionados à abertura de materiais digitais para compartilhamento, (re) uso e remixagem no ciberespaço. Assim, partimos da seguinte problemática: como desenvolver atos de currículo capazes de contribuir para a produção de Recursos Educacionais Abertos (REA) para a docência e aprendizagem na cibercultura? O objetivo foi desenvolver um dispositivo-metodológico como ato de currículo que atualiza a pesquisa-formação para o design de situações de aprendizagemensino e de artefatos pedagógicos que contemplem a autoria dos praticantes culturais. Para atingir o proposto, foi desenvolvido um dispositivo que atualiza o método da pesquisa-formação para a docência e aprendizagem na cibercultura (SANTOS, 2005; 2014) com alguns princípios da pesquisa-design (GRAVEMEIJER; COBB, 2006; van den AKKER, 1999; BROWN, 1992; COLLINS, 1992; NEWMAN, 1990; KELLY, 2003; RAMOS; STRUCHINER, 2008) para propiciar a produção de artefatos digitais utilizando os recursos oferecidos pelas plataformas da Web 2.0. A pesquisa-design formação, como método e o design interativo aberto como dispositivo, foram criados com o objetivo de sistematizar o processo de construção e implementação de atos de currículos e arquitetar percursos abertos em plataformas da Web 2.0. A metodologia proposta parte da bricolagem da pesquisa-formação multirreferencial na cibercultura com a pesquisa-design. A pesquisa está estruturada em quatro conceitos-tema importantes: a) educar na cibercultura: mídias em destaque; b) Design na Web 2.0: faça você mesmo e de preferência acompanhado; c) Professor-autor e a sua construção epistemológica e metodológica, e; d) Professor-autor em formação: enunciação, negociação e autoria. Essa pesquisa revelou alguns achados nas dimensões referente ao design como produto e processo, método e atos de currículo, que têm a intenção de contribuir para: a) a sistematização de processos de aprendizagemensino, promovendo a produção de artefatos digitais abertos por professores e alunos; b) o design estrutural e proposicional das atividades pedagógicas; c) a formação de sujeitos-autores na cibercultura. Portanto, esta pesquisa contribuiu para a autorização e autonomização dos praticantes culturais através da metodologia pesquisa-design formação bem como a disponibilização de materiais digitais abertos na cibercultura.

Polaroid : um caso singular no design

O presente texto assinala os 75 anos da formação da Polaroid e celebra a memória da popularização da fotografia instantânea e do inventor Edwin Herbert Land, fundador da Polaroid Corporation, sendo um exemplo do espírito empreendedor norte-americano que conseguia tornar as invenções em produtos de acesso fácil, chegando aos utilizadores através da sua produção massificada. A constituição da empresa é também contemporânea do nascimento do design industrial nos EUA. Os primeiros exemplares foram concebidos pelos mais notáveis pioneiros do design industrial norte-americano, nomeadamente Walter Dorwin Teague, Henry Dreyfuss e Albrecht Goertz, bem como os últimos modelos são também representativos do design de produto contemporâneo deste país, com projectos liderados pelo inovador gabinete IDEO.

Design of bio-inspired ionic liquids for protein stabilisation

Ionic Liquids (ILs) consist in organic salts that are liquid at/or near room temperature. Since ILs are entirely composed of ions, the formation of ion pairs is expected to be one essential feature for describing solvation in ILs. In recent years, protein - ionic liquid (P-IL) interactions have been the subject of intensive studies mainly because of their capability to promote folding/unfolding of proteins. However, the ion pairs and their lifetimes in ILs in P-IL thematic is dismissed, since the action of ILs is therefore the result of a subtle equilibrium between anion-cation interaction, ion-solvent and ion-protein interaction. The work developed in this thesis innovates in this thematic, once the design of ILs for protein stabilisation was bio-inspired in the high concentration of organic charged metabolites found in cell milieu. Although this perception is overlooked, those combined concentrations have been estimated to be ~300 mM among the macromolecules at concentrations exceeding 300 g/L (macromolecular crowding) and transient ion-pair can naturally occur with a potential specific biological role. Hence the main objective of this work is to develop new bio-ILs with a detectable ion-pair and understand its effects on protein structure and stability, under crowding environment, using advanced NMR techniques and calorimetric techniques. The choline-glutamate ([Ch][Glu]) IL was synthesized and characterized. The ion-pair was detected in water solutions using mainly the selective NOE NMR technique. Through the same technique, it was possible to detect a similar ion-pair promotion under synthetic and natural crowding environments. Using NMR spectroscopy (protein diffusion, HSQC experiments, and hydrogen-deuterium exchange) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), the model protein GB1 (production and purification in isotopic enrichment media) it was studied in the presence of [Ch][Glu] under macromolecular crowding conditions (PEG, BSA, lysozyme). Under dilute condition, it is possible to assert that the [Ch][Glu] induces a preferential hydration by weak and non-specific interactions, which leads to a significant stabilisation. On the other hand, under crowding environment, the [Ch][Glu] ion pair is promoted, destabilising the protein by favourable weak hydrophobic interactions , which disrupt the hydration layer of the protein. However, this capability can mitigates the effect of protein crowders. Overall, this work explored the ion-pair existence and its consequences on proteins in conditions similar to cell milieu. In this way, the charged metabolites found in cell can be understood as key for protein stabilisation.

Uma contribuição crítica para o redesenho de cadeiras de rodas adaptadas para crianças e adolescentes com paralisia cerebral

This work was aimed at making a critical analysis of the product wheelchair, both for using four different models, which were objects of study of the dissertation of Cláudia Regina Cabral Galvão, entitled Critical Analysis of the Mobility Products Seated a wheelchair - Used by Children and Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy in Natal / RN and other municipalities of Rio Grande do Norte . This product is considered an instrument in the social rehabilitation of great importance for people with physical disabilities. This study aims to position the issue and develop comments on technical up grading of certain models according to the needs of the user. Describes features of four models in search searched through catalogs in order to know its advantages and disadvantages of use. Were presented the definitions of ergonomics and ergonomic aspects to be considered on a design, the study of anthropometry and its recommendations. Discussions the methodology of project design in two parts: the first, on the structuring of design problem (formulation, analysis, synthesis and evaluation.) And the second on the project (design and development, implementation and evaluation and solution). With that review will include the possibilities for a new redesign of the wheelchair, based on forms of adaptation in order to achieve the target that was compressed by the average population studied. Seeks to that this project makes an improvement in quality of life of people in wheelchairs by including these people in society but also the improvement of rehabilitation

Análise crítica dos produtos de mobilidade sentada - cadeiras de rodas - utilizados por crianças e adolescentes com paralisia cerebral em Natal/RN e outros municípios do Rio Grande do Norte

The objective of this work is to critically analyze the seated mobility adaptive equipment, wheelchair, used by non-ambulatory children/adolescents diagnosed with cerebral palsy of the quadriplegy type with ages in between 0-18 years old in the municipal city of Natal/RN and of other ones in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. This study is characterized as descriptive as it took into consideration the individualized conditions of each child/adolescent and of their home environment, and also evaluates the condition of the used seated mobility devices such as wheelchairs or strollers. Thirty three (33) subjects which had a wheelchair prescribed by a healthcare professional specialist in adaptive equipment within the past 3 years were selected. A questionnaire was applied through a phone with the patient s primary care giver or parents. The results obtained showed that all the equipment being used had an anatomical seat and back and the tilt system mechanism and even though most of the patients required small individual adjustments upon receiving the wheelchair in order to accommodate to the patients characteristics. From the point of view of the caregiver/parents interviewed, 97% described satisfied with the equipment and report assistance with mobility (97%), comfort (82%) and good posture (82%) as the main positive aspects from the equipment. The results also describe the aspects related to the maintenance, time used and activities developed that were reported by the patients. The conclusion therefore is that in order to select the equipment to meet the needs of the consumer it is necessary that: an appropriate wheelchair prescription takes place, the up-to-date knowledge of equipment available in the market, the appropriate use of the resources from the concession programs of the government that purchase equipment and the establishment of link in between the manufacturers, patients and the caregivers

O produto de moda para o portador de deficiência física: análise de desconforto

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Tecnologias que influenciam no processo de concepção do design para a indústria da moda: projeto MEG: um estudo de caso

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

A ornamentação contemporânea em arte e design: função estética, anagógica, terapêutica

Taking as a starting point the reflection on the ornament, is delineated an interpretative analysis of delimitation between art and design in the extent of the aesthetics. Presupposing the ornament as an elementary and universal form of the all aesthetics’ manifestations, trying to work, through recent contributions and in an unified way, concepts regarding the aesthetics in parallel with the phenomenon of the perception. The ornament as element previously “ordered” front to the organization need that the interpretation demands, it constitutes fertile philosophical instrument, for all the art forms and of design, which seeks to provide an aesthetic sensation. Returned to the thoughtful function, the ornament has as essential purpose to stimulate the aesthetic experimentation, capable to induce the perception to subtler states of conscience similar of to the ecstasy, where the spirit from whom contemplates, can live experiences of extreme freedom and intense pleasure. . Establishing semiotics foundations capable of evidencing a function anagogic-therapeutics in the action of conceiving and to meditating, alternately, an object with function strictly ornamental (aesthetics), also intending the reflection of moral stamp on the ornamental concept of the decency as conciliatory solution in the intersection between art and design, concerning the creativity of the formative process.

Aplicação de objetos de uso cotidiano em ambiente lúdico e o impacto do design em sua adoção

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

O design inclusivo e o portador de deficiência visual : a estimulação sensorial na arquitectura através da terapia Snoezelen

Somos rodeados por arquitetura mas nem sempre a vivemos da melhor forma, nem sempre sabemos tirar o melhor partido do que nos rodeia e nem sempre o que nos rodeia é o melhor para nós nem o que nos faz mais felizes. Esta realidade é ainda maior para indivíduos portadores de deficiência. Nota-se, hoje em dia, uma crescente preocupação para que as casas, e não só os espaços comerciais e públicos, sejam acessíveis a todas as pessoas. Pensando nisto, muitos profissionais da área da Arquitectura, Engenharia e Design de Interiores, desenvolvem os seus projetos levando em conta o design universal ou inclusivo. Os princípios deste design não são exclusivos às pessoas portadoras de deficiência, a aplicação dos mesmos pode garantir, por exemplo, que uma mesma pessoa resida na mesma casa dos 0 aos 80 anos. As necessidades mudam ao longo da nossa vida. Uma casa inclusiva é por isso uma casa para toda a vida.

Estratégias do design para a sustentabilidade da embalagem

The main subject of this dissertation is packaging, which is an inescapable product in our society nowadays. Every product we consume daily is generally protected and sheltered by a package that visually represents the product – the main feature of packaging. This research aims to assess the importance of packaging today as well as its role in the past, while searching for ways to improve its qualities as a design project. From the sustainability’s perspective, packaging is a factor that must be observed in dealing with its production, use and disposal and that is precisely the point of view that it is explored within this dissertation: packages’ ability of being sustainable and matching more ecological design practices. The main goal of this research is being able to take advantage of the package and its qualities as a selling means and at the same time make it a product that doesn’t harm our planet and the environment. Although packaging is targeted to match trade and economic issues, environmental factors have been addressed more incisively, as those are one of the biggest problems about this matter: the disposal of the package generates the accumulation of waste after the product is consumed. That being said, the challenge is to produce sustainable packaging and also to redefine the concept of packaging itself. Therefore this research intends to look for the link between packaging and sustainability and how that linkage can add value to the trade market and also to our planet’s health and well-being