Managing drought economic effects through insurance schemes based on local water availability.

In many arid or semi-arid Mediterranean regions, agriculture is dependent on irrigation. When hydrological drought phenomena occur, farmers suffer from water shortages, incurring important economic losses. Yet, there is not agricultural insurance available for lack of irrigation water. This work attempts to evaluate hydrological drought risk and its economic impact on crop production in order to provide the basis for the design of drought insurance for irrigated arable crops. With this objective a model that relates water availability with expected yields is developed. Crop water requirements are calculated from evapotranspiration, effective rainfall and soil water balance. FAO?s methodology and AquaCrop software have been used to establish the relationship between water allocations and crop yields. The analysis is applied to the irrigation zone ?Riegos de Bardenas?, which is located in the Ebro river basin, northeast Spain, to the main arable crops in the area. Results show the fair premiums of different hydrological drought insurance products. Whole-farm insurance or irrigation district insurance should be preferable to crop specific insurance due to the drought management strategies used by farmers.

The environmental and economic effects of innovative measures in urban parcels delivery

The main scope of this research is to identify and evaluate solutions to redesign the parcels delivery logistic process to achieve higher level of quality, lower operational costs, energy consumptions and air pollution. The study is starting from the analysis of the delivery process managed by a leader company operating in Rome. Main delivery flows, personnel and fleet management costs, quality performances and environmental impacts are investigated. The results of this analysis are benchmarked with other European situations. On the basis of the feedback of this analysis, a set of operational measures, potentially able tackle the objectives, are identified and assessed by means of a simulative approach. The assessment is based on environmental and economic indicators allowing the comparison between new and reference scenarios from the viewpoints of the key players: operator, customer and Society. Moreover, the operational measures are combined into alternative packages by looking for the sets capable to maximize the benefits for the key players. The methodology, tested on Rome case study, is general and flexible enough to be extended to parcels delivery problem in different urban contexts, as well as to similar urban distribution problems (e.g. press, food, security, school)

The Surface Transportation Assistance Act of 1982: comparative economic effects on the trucking industry. Comptroller General's report to the Committee on Finance, United States Senate.

Mode of access: Internet.

Generic substitution and prescription drug prices : economic effects of state drug product selection laws /

Item 535.

Multipiece rims for trucks, buses, and trailers - economic effects caused by further regulation of rims in Standard No. 120. Final report.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

Economic effects of metallic corrosion in the United States.

Appendix C published in PB-279 430.

The economic effects of underground mining upon land used for Illinois agriculture /

"February 1985."

Aggregate economic effects of alternative land retirement programs : a linear programming analysis /

Includes bibliographical references (p. 53-54).

A method of estimating the economic effects of planned conservation on an individual farm /

"Soil Conservation Service and Bureau of Agricultural Economics, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, in cooperation with the Iowa Agricultural Experiment Station."