Highlights from the III International Symposium of Thrombosis and Anticoagulation (ISTA), October 14-16, 2010, Sao Paulo, Brazil

To discuss and share knowledge around advances in the care of patients with thrombotic disorders, the Third International Symposium of Thrombosis and Anticoagulation was held in So Paulo, Brazil, from October 14-16, 2010. This scientific program was developed by clinicians for clinicians, and was promoted by four major clinical research institutes: the Brazilian Clinical Research Institute, the Duke Clinical Research Institute of the Duke University School of Medicine, the Canadian VIGOUR Centre, and the Uppsala Clinical Research Center. Comprising 3 days of academic presentations and open discussion, the symposium had as its primary goal to educate, motivate, and inspire internists, cardiologists, hematologists, and other physicians by convening national and international visionaries, thought-leaders, and dedicated clinician-scientists. This paper summarizes the symposium proceedings.

The Thrombin Receptor Antagonist for Clinical Event Reduction in Acute Coronary Syndrome (TRA.CER) trial: study design and rationale

Background The protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR-1), the main platelet receptor for thrombin, represents a novel target for treatment of arterial thrombosis, and SCH 530348 is an orally active, selective, competitive PAR-1 antagonist. We designed TRA.CER to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SCH 530348 compared with placebo in addition to standard of care in patients with non-ST-segment elevation (NSTE) acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and high-risk features. Trial design TRA.CER is a prospective, randomized, double-blind, multicenter, phase III trial with an original estimated sample size of 10,000 subjects. Our primary objective is to demonstrate that SCH 530348 in addition to standard of care will reduce the incidence of the composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, recurrent ischemia with rehospitalization, and urgent coronary revascularization compared with standard of care alone. Our key secondary objective is to determine whether SCH 530348 will reduce the composite of cardiovascular death, MI, or stroke compared with standard of care alone. Secondary objectives related to safety are the composite of moderate and severe GUSTO bleeding and clinically significant TIMI bleeding. The trial will continue until a predetermined minimum number of centrally adjudicated primary and key secondary end point events have occurred and all subjects have participated in the study for at least I year. The TRA.CER trial is part of the large phase III SCH 530348 development program that includes a concomitant evaluation in secondary prevention. Conclusion TRA.CER will define efficacy and safety of the novel platelet PAR-1 inhibitor SCH 530348 in the treatment of high-risk patients with NSTE ACS in the setting of current treatment strategies. (Am Heart J 2009; 158:327-34.)

Do dois ao m��ltiplo na terra do um: a experiência antropológica de David Maybury-Lewis

Este artigo busca uma compreensão da trajetória do antropólogo britânico, radicado nos EUA, David Maybury-Lewis. Aborda aspectos de sua formação intelectual, que envolveram uma longa pesquisa entre os Xavante e um estudo comparativo sobre os povos de língua jê e bororo do Brasil Central. Maybury-Lewis é um nome central para o desenvolvimento de um "americanismo tropical". Entre suas contribuições etnográficas e teóricas, pode-se citar a elaboração de um modelo analítico jê e bororo, a renovação dos estudos de parentesco e a reflexão sobre a relação entre povos indígenas e o Estado. Um tema parece, com efeito, permear a sua obra: o das organizações dualistas. Não por menos, esse foi o motivo de um longo debate com a obra de Lévi-Strauss, que será aqui destacado.

O metacinema norte-americano e o storytelling : de Orson Welles a David Lynch

ABSTRACT: The American metacinema which, by tradition, is narrative but extremely formulaic favours the story above the telling. No man contributed more to alter this state of affairs than Orson Welles, whose cinematic practice exalted the filmic enunciation and linked it more explicitly to the narrative intentions of the creator, making it obvious that metanarrative is synonymous with metacinema. With Citizen Kane (1941), in particular, the cinema was made more disnarrative, as meant by French writer/director Alain Robbe–Grillet, well ahead of Modernism. The fragmented narration, the temporal convolutions, a tendency for paradox and the interpretative obstacles all come together to anticipate the serial practice of David Lynch in his last four features. Structuring the films in segments which constitute different but complementary versions of the same events, Lynch manages to express the director’s enunciation along with the narration of the characters, reinforcing the role of the telling in the midst of the story. In INLAND EMPIRE (2006) the use of mise-en-abyme as a way of duplicating stories and tellers further increases the objective and complicates what is clearly the reign of the puzzle or mind-game film. In the footsteps of Welles, Lynch contributed for an outbreak of metanarrative / metacinematic crossover indie films closer to the European aesthetic practice but still very much within the American narrative tradition.

Glucose-6-Phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in children from 0 to 14 years hospitalized at the Pediatric Hospital David Bernardino, Luanda, Angola

The Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common enzymatic defect in the world. The most common clinical manifestations are acute hemolytic anemia associated with drugs, infections, neonatal jaundice and hemolytic non-spherocytic chronic anemia. The main aim of this study was to determine the frequency of major genetic variants of G6PD leading to enzyme deficiency in children from 0 to 14 years at a Pediatric Hospital in Luanda, Angola. A cross-sectional and descriptive analytical study covered a total of 194 children aged from 0 to 14 years, of both genders and hospitalized at the Pediatric Hospital David Bernardino, Luanda between November and December, 2011. The G202A, A376G and C563T mutations of the G6PD gene were determined by real-time PCR with Taqman probes. The disabled A-/A- genotype was detected in 10 girls (10.9%). Among the boys, 21 (20.6%) presented the genotype A-. Considering all the samples, the A- variant was observed in 22.4% of cases. The Mediterranean mutation was not detected in the Angolan sample. Furthermore, no association was found between genotype and anemia, nutritional state and mucosa color. A significant association, however, was observed with jaundice. Based on the results obtained, there is a clear need to identify those with the disabled genotype in the Angolan population in order to avoid cases of drug-induced anemia, particularly in the treatment of malaria, so prevalent in Angola.

O espectador (in)visível: reflexividade na óptica do espectador em Inland empire de David Lynch

Com INLAND EMPIRE (2006) David Lynch realiza uma obra inteiramente metacinematográfica, provando que este género transversal à História do cinema é passível de coexistir com uma poética arrojada, de pendor moderno, segundo a divisão que Gilles Deleuze faz da Sétima Arte. A produção teórica sobre esta vertente fílmica de Lynch é em termos internacionais muito escassa e em Portugal virtualmente inexistente, justificando que se proceda um trabalho de investigação nestes moldes. Ademais, INLAND EMPIRE não é um exemplo isolado na obra do cineasta, mas sim o ponto culminante de uma carreira que tem vindo a prestar cada vez mais atenção à tem��tica meta-espectatorial. A abordagem de Lynch tem a particularidade de congregar num único trabalho o desejo de manifestar o vidente espelhando igualmente o filme, o que permite abordar INLAND EMPIRE como reflexividade na óptica do espectador. Trata-se de encenar uma alegoria do vidente, mas equacionando produção com recepção. Deste modo, o presente livro adopta o mecanismo da enunciação como base da reflexividade institucional e narrativa em duas secções teóricas distintas versando, respectivamente, a (re)duplicação especular e a mise en abyme. A cada um destes capítulos corresponde uma análise prática directamente relacionada com os factores teóricos apontados. A obra culmina com um areflexão sobre as implicações do cinema digital para a execução de alegorias cinematográficas e a sua influência em INLAND EMPIRE, que já foi inteiramente produzido com esta tecnologia.