The anatomy of Russian information warfare. The Crimean operation, a case study. OSW Point of View Number 42, May 2014

The Crimean operation has served as an occasion for Russia to demonstrate to the entire world the capabilities and the potential of information warfare. Its goal is to use difficult to detect methods to subordinate the elites and societies in other countries by making use of various kinds of secret and overt channels (secret services, diplomacy and the media), psychological impact, and ideological and political sabotage. Russian politicians and journalists have argued that information battles are necessary for “the Russian/Eurasian civilisation” to counteract “informational aggression from the Atlantic civilisation led by the USA”. This argument from the arsenal of applied geopolitics has been used for years. This text is an attempt to provide an interpretation of information warfare with the background of Russian geopolitical theory and practice.

The history of England from the commencement of the XIXth century to the Crimean War.

Book I of v.1, begun by Charles Knight and finished by G. L. Craik. cf. Pref.

The history of Russia, from the earliest period to the Crimean war.

"Reprinted from the stereotype plates."

The history of Russia from the earliest period to the Crimean war,

Mode of access: Internet.

The history of England from the commencement of the XIXth century to the Crimean war /

Published also inder title: History of the peace: being a history of England from 1816 to 1854. With an introduction 1800 to 1815.

The autobiography of William Simpson, R. I. (Crimean Simpson),

Mode of access: Internet.

The Shajrat ul Atrak; or, Genealogical tree of the Turks and Tatars,

The original title is Shejereh i Turk.

Diplomatic study on the Crimean war, 1852 to 1856 : Russian official publication.

Includes index.

A soldier's experience : or, A voice from the ranks, showing the cost of war in blood and treasure. A personal narrative of the Crimean campaign ... Also, sketches of the lives and deaths of Sir H. Havelock, and Captain Hedley Vicars ... by one of the Royal Fusiliers.

Mode of access: Internet.

Nursing research : the Australian College of Nursing position statement

Background Nursing perspectives play an important role in addressing the health priorities of today’s society. The Australian College of Nursing (ACN) acknowledges the significant contribution that nursing research has made since the first nurse researcher, Florence Nightingale, documented the factors that affected the morbidity and mortality of soldiers wounded in the Crimean war in the 1800s. The nursing profession continues to celebrate the significant contribution nursing research made to improving nursing practice and health outcomes. These significant contributions over recent years include, but are not limited to: 1. Health services research that has demonstrated the importance of nursing services and how such services are designed/organised to ensure safety and quality of care (Duffield, et al., 2011; Fernandez, et al., 2012; Middleton, et al., 2011); 2. Clinical research that has demonstrated the value of specific nursing interventions to improved health outcomes, including enhanced survival, reduced morbidity, and improved quality of life and consumer engagement (Cancer Australia and Cancer Voices Australia, 2011; Kitson, et al., 2013; Middleton, et al., 2012; Rickard, et al., 2012; Zeitz, et al., 2011); 3. Basic science research that has advanced discoveries in terms of understanding the biological mechanisms underpinning nursing interventions (Illi, et al., 2012; Kim, et al., 2012; Miaskowski, et al., 2010; Simonova, et al., 2012); 4. Epidemiological research that has advanced understanding about how individuals and populations respond to health problems (Carrington, et al., 2012); 5. Qualitative research that has advanced understanding about experiences of and responses to health and illness and the processes of care that are important to optimal outcomes (Schulman-Green, et al., 2012; Scott, et al., 2011).