Sketches for country houses, villas, and rural dwellings; calculated for persons of moderate income, and for comfortable retirement. Also some designs for cottages, which may be constructed of the simplest materials; with plans and general estimates.

Mode of access: Internet.

Retreats: a series of designs, consisting of plans and elevations for cottages, villas, and ornamental buildings.

Mode of access: Internet.

The works of Martin Doyle [pseud.] containing I. Hints to small farmers on land, fences, cottages, potatoes, mangel wurzel, turnips, manures, &c. II. Hints on road-work, ventilation, health, dress, temperance, education, &c. III. Hints on planting, cattle, fowls, fisheries, agricultural implements, flax, &c. IV. Irish cottagers.

Each work has also special t-p. and titles vary from those on main t.-p. I. Hints originally intended for small farmers of the county of Wexford ... 7th ed., rev. and enl. 1831. II. Hints addressed to the small holders and peasantry of Ireland on road-making and on ventilation, &c. &c. 1830. III. Hints to small holders on planting and on cattle. &c &c. 1830. IV. Irish cottagers ... 1830.

Concrete houses & cottages ...

I. Large houses.--II. Small houses.

Examples of labourers' cottages, etc. with plans for improving the dwellings of the poor in large towns.

Mode of access: Internet.

Picturesque architectural studies and practical designs for gate lodges, cottages, cottage hospitals, villas, vicarages, country residences, schools, village churches, etc., etc,

Mode of access: Internet.

The architecture of country houses : including designs for cottages, farm houses, and villas, with remarks on interiors, furniture, and the best modes of warming and ventilating. /

Many of the illustrations engraved by Anderson.

Old cottages and farmhouses in Kent and Sussex

Mode of access: Internet.

Cottages; or, Hints on economical building, containing twenty-four plates of medium and low cost houses, contributed by different New York architects. Together with descriptive letterpress, giving practical suggestions for cottage building.

Mode of access: Internet.

Wine Cask Cottages

Builders competed with each other in constructing cottages with visual appeal. Vacation rentals designed to look like wine casks, seen here in the 1930s and 1940s were available on the shoreline between Vermilion and Huron, Ohio and on South Bass Island in Lake Erie.

Lake sediment research as a part of lake management - case studies and implications from southern Finland

In Finland one of the most important current issues in the environmental management is the quality of surface waters. The increasing social importance of lakes and water systems has generated wide-ranging interest in lake restoration and management, concerning especially lakes suffering from eutrophication, but also from other environmental impacts. Most of the factors deteriorating the water quality in Finnish lakes are connected to human activities. Especially since the 1940's, the intensified farming practices and conduction of sewage waters from scattered settlements, cottages and industry have affected the lakes, which simultaneously have developed in to recreational areas for a growing number of people. Therefore, this study was focused on small lakes, which are human impacted, located close to settlement areas and have a significant value for local population. The aim of this thesis was to obtain information from lake sediment records for on-going lake restoration activities and to prove that a well planned, properly focused lake sediment study is an essential part of the work related to evaluation, target consideration and restoration of Finnish lakes. Altogether 11 lakes were studied. The study of Lake Kaljasjärvi was related to the gradual eutrophication of the lake. In lakes Ormajärvi, Suolijärvi, Lehee, Pyhäjärvi and Iso-Roine the main focus was on sediment mapping, as well as on the long term changes of the sedimentation, which were compared to Lake Pääjärvi. In Lake Hormajärvi the role of different kind of sedimentation environments in the eutrophication development of the lake's two basins were compared. Lake Orijärvi has not been eutrophied, but the ore exploitation and related acid main drainage from the catchment area have influenced the lake drastically and the changes caused by metal load were investigated. The twin lakes Etujärvi and Takajärvi are slightly eutrophied, but also suffer problems associated with the erosion of the substantial peat accumulations covering the fringe areas of the lakes. These peat accumulations are related to Holocene water level changes, which were investigated. The methods used were chosen case-specifically for each lake. In general, acoustic soundings of the lakes, detailed description of the nature of the sediment and determinations of the physical properties of the sediment, such as water content, loss on ignition and magnetic susceptibility were used, as was grain size analysis. A wide set of chemical analyses was also used. Diatom and chrysophycean cyst analyses were applied, and the diatom inferred total phosphorus content was reconstructed. The results of these studies prove, that the ideal lake sediment study, as a part of a lake management project, should be two-phased. In the first phase, thoroughgoing mapping of sedimentation patterns should be carried out by soundings and adequate corings. The actual sampling, based on the preliminary results, must include at least one long core from the main sedimentation basin for the determining the natural background state of the lake. The recent, artificially impacted development of the lake can then be determined by short-core and surface sediment studies. The sampling must be focused on the basis of the sediment mapping again, and it should represent all different sedimentation environments and bottom dynamic zones, considering the inlets and outlets, as well as the effects of possible point loaders of the lake. In practice, the budget of the lake management projects of is usually limited and only the most essential work and analyses can be carried out. The set of chemical and biological analyses and dating methods must therefore been thoroughly considered and adapted to the specific management problem. The results show also, that information obtained from a properly performed sediment study enhances the planning of the restoration, makes possible to define the target of the remediation activities and improves the cost-efficiency of the project.

Euskadiko landa-etxeen eskaintzaren analisia

[EN] The following study aims at analyzing which variable changes the average price of cottages in the Basque Autonomous Community. Historically, there have been more cottages in Gipuzkoa and nowadays it remains the same, even if the number of cottages in the other two provinces has raised. Geographically, the fact of having a coast, lakes, reservoirs and mountains in Bizkaia and Gipuzkoa has lead to having more cottages in the two provinces as well as a growing tourism. For this reason, this study analyzes if that is caused by the same variable in the three provinces or if there is a difference between them, and also in which province lies the biggest difference. For achieving the mentioned goals, the information of 2012 taken from the web page of Nekatur Nekazalturismo Elkartea has been a very useful source.

From marginality to resurgence: the case of the Irish islands

Abstract: The islands off the coast of Ireland declined after the Irish famine of the 1840s. The number inhabited and the size of the population on those that remain populated both fell dramatically, faring worse collectively than the Irish mainland to which they were marginal in every sense. The reasons for this decline are examined. In the early 20th Century there are some signs of resurgence. The article considers that this might be put down to the efforts of islanders themselves, coupled with state and European Union support. There is an interest in and regard for the islands associated with their being seen as repositories of Irish culture and heritage. This has had positive benefits regarding the attitude of the state agencies and also for tourism, which is an important factor in many contemporary island economies. In fact, some of the resurgence as measured by population totals can be put down to people having holiday cottages on the islands rather than an increase in the size of traditional communities.

The Casual Buttress:Certainty and Contingency in the Study of the Vernacular

Impromptu accretions such as the buttresses in Robin Walkers photograph are moments that are familiar in the architecture of the everyday. Indeed the buttress is a very common occurrence with these cottages in particular, their mud walls being poor at resisting concentrated lateral loading. While not always required the buttress emerges when requirements to create spaces to support inhabitation are at odds with the external form and construction of the buildings. These points of disjunction are resolved in an additive fashion externally. The location varies from structure to structure, occasionally the buttress is be used as a point of connection for further structures, becoming subsumed in outbuildings or walls. This preponderance to variety means that it is omitted from the reductive drawings of type that classify these buildings and yet it occurs in enough for it to have a fundamental and transformative relationship to the generality of cottages.
What is of interest is not so much what these structures hold in common, but rather what differentiates them. It is their capacity for variety within a defined range which allows them at once to speak at once of broader social structures and of a specific place and person.
Using the above observation this paper treats of the failure of architectural typological studies of the vernacular to derive anything other than formal exemplars, and posits an alternative approach based on a focus on the technical construction of such buildings.