Bulletin of the Fort Ticonderoga Museum

Cover title

Shock tube studies of the effects of sharp-rising, long-duration overpressures on biological systems /

Shock tubes have been used successfully by a number of investigators to study the biological effects of variations in environmental pressures (1,2,3). Recently an unusually versatile laboratory pressurization source became available with the capability of consistently reproducing a wide variety of pressure-time phenomena of durations equal to and well beyond those associated with the detonation of nuclear devices (4). Thus it became possible to supplement costly full-scale field research in blast biology carried out at the Nevada Test Site (5,6) by using an economical yet realistic laboratory tool. In one exploratory study employing pressure pulses of 5 to 10 sec duration wherein the times to max overpressure and the magnitudes of the overpressures were varied, a relatively high tolerance of biological media to pressures well over 150 psi was demonstrated (7). In contrast, the present paper will describe the relatively high biological susceptibility to long duration overpressures in which the pressure rises occurred in single and double fast-rising steps.

The history of Fort Myer Virginia.

"100th anniversary issue (special centennial edition of the Fort Myer post)."

Quarters One : the United States Army Chief of Staff's residence, Fort Myer, Virginia /

First printed 1981.

Fort Myer and vicinity /

Pen-and-ink and watercolor.

Whales and Sonar: Environmental Exemptions for the Navy's Mid-Frequency Active Sonar Training.

Mid-frequency active (MFA) sonar emits pulses of sound from an underwater transmitter to help determine the size, distance, and speed of objects. The sound waves bounce off objects and reflect back to underwater acoustic receivers as an echo. MFA sonar has been used since World War II, and the Navy indicates it is the only reliable way to track submarines, especially more recently designed submarines that operate more quietly, making them more difficult to detect. Scientists have asserted that sonar may harm certain marine mammals under certain conditions, especially beaked whales. Depending on the exposure, they believe that sonar may damage the ears of the mammals, causing hemorrhaging and/or disorientation. The Navy agrees that the sonar may harm some marine mammals, but says it has taken protective measures so that animals are not harmed. (PDF contains 20 pages)

Floating breakwater field experience, West Coast /

Mode of access: Internet.

Bank erosion control with vegetation, San Francisco Bay, California /

Cover title.

Guided missiles and rockets, a bibliography, 1946-1956.

Mode of access: Internet.

Sand level changes on Torrey Pines Beach, California /

Bibliography: p.34.

Concept analysis; offshore breakwater-oil storage system /

Mode of access: Internet.

Wave runup on a 1 on 10 slope /

Bibliography: p. 25.

The effect of structures and lake level on bluff and shore erosion in Berrien County, Michigan, 1970-74 /

Cover title.

Comparison of numerical and physical hydraulic models, Masonboro Inlet, North Carolina /

"June 1977."