Evaluation of the physical and chemical properties of two commercial and three experimental root-end filling materials

Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pH, calcium release, setting time, and solubility of two commercially available mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) cements (white MTA Angelus and MTA Bio), and of three experimental cements (light-cured MTA, Portland cement with 20% bismuth oxide and 5% calcium sulfate, and an epoxy resin-based cement).Study design. For evaluation of pH and calcium ion release, polyethylene tubes with 1.0 mm internal diameter and 10.0 mm length were filled with the cements and immediately immersed in flasks containing 10 mL deionized water. After 3, 24, 72, and 168 hours, the tubes were removed and the water from the previous container was measured for its pH and calcium content with a pH meter and an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. For analysis of the setting time, Gilmore needles weighing 100 g and 456.5 g were used, in accordance with the American Society for Testing and Materials specification no. C266-03. Solubility of each cement was also tested.Results. All the cements were alkaline and released calcium ions, with a declining trend over time. After 3 hours, Portland cement + bismuth oxide and MTA Bio had the highest pH and light-cured MTA the lowest. After 1 week, MTA Bio had the highest pH and light-cured MTA and epoxy resin-based cement the lowest. Regarding calcium ion release, after 3 hours, Portland cement + bismuth oxide showed the highest release. After 1 week, MTA Bio had the highest. Epoxy resin-based cement and light-cured MTA had the lowest calcium release in all evaluation periods. Regarding setting times, white MTA Angelus and MTA Bio had the shortest, Portland cement + bismuth oxide had an intermediate setting time, and the epoxy resin-based cement had the longest. The materials that showed the lowest solubility values were the epoxy resin-based cement, Portland cement + bismuth oxide, and light-cured MTA. The highest solubility values were presented in white MTA Angelus and MTA Bio.Conclusions. The white MTA Angelus and MTA Bio had the shortest setting times, higher pH and calcium ion release, and the highest solubility. In contrast, the epoxy resin-based cement and light-cured MTA showed lower values of solubility, pH, and calcium ion release. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2010; 110: 250-256)

Influência da utilização de aditivos químicos no perfil da fermentação, no valor nutritivo e nas perdas de silagens de cana-de-açúcar

Avaliou-se o efeito do uso de aditivos químicos nas perdas de matéria seca, no perfil fermentativo e no valor nutritivo de silagens de cana-de-açúcar. O experimento foi realizado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições por tratamento (sete tratamentos). Os seguintes aditivos foram utilizados na confecção das silagens: controle (sem aditivo), L. buchneri, óxido e carbonato de cálcio em doses de 1,0 e 1,5% da massa verde e sulfato de cálcio a 1,0% da massa verde, diluídos em 40 litros de água por tonelada de forragem. As variáveis analisadas foram: perdas totais e gasosas, produção de efluente, recuperação de matéria seca, composição química e valor nutritivo. As menores perdas fermentativas e gasosas foram observadas nas silagens com óxido ou carbonato de cálcio, que resultaram em maior taxa de recuperação de matéria seca. da mesma forma, as silagens tratadas com estes aditivos apresentaram maior teor de carboidratos solúveis residuais e de ácido lático e reduzida fermentação alcoólica. As silagens tratadas com óxido e carbonato apresentaram, no momento da abertura, maior teor de cinzas, menor concentração de componentes fibrosos e maiores coeficientes digestibilidade da matéria seca e da matéria orgânica. O teor de proteína encontrado nessas silagens foi semelhante ao observado na forragem fresca. A ensilagem de cana-de-açúcar com L. buchneri e sulfato de cálcio possibilitou a obtenção de desempenho similar ao determinado com a silagem sem aditivos. Silagens tratadas com carbonato e óxido de cálcio apresentam maior desempenho durante o processo fermentativo.

Thermogravimetry on calcined mass basis - hydrated cement phases and pozzolanic activity quantitative analysis

When cement hydrated compositions are analyzed by usual initial mass basis TG curves to calculate mass losses, the higher is the amount of additive added or is the combined water content, the higher is the cement 'dilution' in the initial mass of the sample. In such cases, smaller mass changes in the different mass loss steps are obtained, due to the actual smaller content of cement in the initial mass compositions. To have a same mass basis of comparison, and to avoid erroneous results of initial components content there from, thermal analysis data and curves have to be transformed on cement calcined basis, i.e. on the basis of cement oxides mass present in the calcined samples or on the sample cement initial mass basis.The paper shows and discusses the fundamentals of these bases of calculation, with examples on free and combined water analysis, on calcium sulfate hydration during false cement set and on quantitative evaluation and comparison of pozzolanic materials activity.

Effect of disinfectant agents on dimensional stability of elastomeric impression materials.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Difficulties in sterilizing impressions by traditional methods have led to chemical disinfection as an alternative, and some studies have shown that disinfectants may adversely affect impressions. PURPOSE: This study investigated the effect of disinfection methods on the dimensional stability of 6 elastomeric materials. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Impression materials were submitted to the following treatments: immersion in 5.25% sodium hypochlorite solution for 10 minutes, immersion in 2% glutaraldehyde solution for 30 minutes, and no immersion (control). After treatments, impressions were poured, and respective stone casts were measured with a Nikon Profile projector and compared with the master model. RESULTS: The elastomeric materials had different reproduction capacities, and the disinfecting treatments did not differ from the control.

Marginal fit of nickel-chromium copings before and after internal adjustments with duplicated stone dies and disclosing agent.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Despite careful procedures, master stone dies may be damaged during laboratory procedures. The dentist routinely adjusts castings because the marginal fit of casting is not as accurate as on the dies. PURPOSE: This study evaluated the technique of internal adjustment of castings with use of duplicated stone dies and a disclosing agent to improve marginal fit discrepancy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty-two nickel-chromium copings were fabricated and simulated standard clinical and laboratory procedures with 2 variables: tooth preparation convergence angles of 6 and 18 degrees, with or without internal relief. Master stone dies and their duplicates were selected for coping construction and internal adjustment, respectively. A specimen positioning device was coupled with a Toolmakers microscope to allow reproducibility of measurements. Each coping was evaluated at 8 locations of its marginal perimeter, before and after internal adjustment. RESULTS: Marginal fit discrepancy of copings were significantly reduced with an internal adjustment technique (mean > 52%) for all experimental groups. Tooth preparations with greater convergence and internally relieved castings recorded a better marginal fit. CONCLUSION: The casting internal adjustment technique with use of duplicated stone dies and a disclosing agent substantially reduced marginal fit discrepancy.

Periapical tissue healing after post space preparation with or without use of a protection plug and root canal exposure to the oral environment. Study in dogs

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of coronal leakage on the healing of dogs' periapical tissues after root canal filling, post space preparation and protection or not with a temporary sealer plug. Forty root canals of dogs' teeth were instrumented and filled by the lateral condensation technique with gutta-percha points and Endomethasone or CRCS sealers. After post space preparation, the remaining filling material was protected or not with a plug of temporary Coltosol sealer and exposed to the oral environment for 90 days. Thereafter, the animals were sacrificed and the specimens were removed and prepared for histomorphological and histobacteriological analysis. The findings revealed 35% of microbial leakage in the groups without plugs and 15% of leakage in the groups with plugs. Statistical analysis showed that the use of a Coltosol plug improved significantly the histomorphological results regardless of the type of root canal sealer (p=0.05) and that CRCS and Endomethasone sealers showed similar results (p>0.05).

Accuracy of impression techniques for implants. Part 1 - Influence of transfer copings surface abrasion

Purpose: This study evaluated the influence of surface abrasion of transfer copings to obtain a precise master cast for a partially edentulous restoration with different inclinations. Materials and Methods: Replicas (N = 30) of a metal matrix (control group) containing two implants at 90° and 65° in relation to the benchtop were obtained using a polyether impression material and three impression techniques: square impression copings splint with dental floss and autopolymerizing acrylic resin (TRS), square impression copings abraded with aluminum oxide (TA), and square impression copings abraded with aluminum oxide and adhesive-coated (TAA). The replicas obtained in type V stone were digitalized, and the images were exported to AutoCAD software to perform the readings of possible degree alterations in implant inclinations. The results were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test (α < 0.05). Results: Comparing the techniques with regard to the 90° implant inclination, no statistical difference was observed between the three techniques and the control group. Analyzing the three techniques with regard to the 65° implant inclination, no significant difference was seen between technique TA and the control group. Conclusions: Technique TA presented more accurate master casts than TRS and TAA techniques. The angulated implant (65°) tended to generate more imprecise master casts than implants perpendicular to the surface. © 2008 by The American College of Prosthodontists.

Produção e teores de nutrientes no capim braquiária adubado com nitrogênio e enxofre

Among the production factors, adequate fertilization is an important tool to raise the productivity of pastoral systems and consequently increase the share of Brazil in the supply chain of primary agricultural products at the global level. The objective of this study was to evaluate the interaction of nitrogen and sulfur fertilization in Brachiaria decumbens Stapf. The experiment in pots with Dystrophic Oxisol was evaluated in a completely randomized design with four replications in a 5 x 3 factorial arrangement, involving five N doses (0, 100, 200, 400, and 800 mg dm-3) in the form of ammonium nitrate and three S doses (0, 20 and 80 mg dm-3) in the form of calcium sulfate, with a total of 15 treatments. In the treatments with low S dose, calcium was provided as calcium chloride, to ensure a homogeneous Ca supply in all treatments. The results showed that the tiller production and dry weight of green leaves and of stems + sheaths and total dry weight were favored by the combination of N and S fertilizer, while the proportion of dry leaves was reduced. Nitrogen fertilization raised the N contents in green leaves and stems + sheaths and reduced K contents in fresh and dry leaves. The response to S rates in the N content of green leaves was quadratic.

Enxerto de osso autógeno e barreira de sulfato de cálcio no tratamento de defeitos de furca classe II. Estudo histológico e histométrico em cães

Pós-graduação em Odontologia - FOA

Processo de cicatrização óssea em defeitos cirúrgicos de tamanho crítico tratados com partículas de vidro bioativo associadas ou não à barreira de sulfato de cálcio: estudo histológico e histométrico em calvárias de rato

Pós-graduação em Odontologia - FOA

Efeito da incorporação de soluções desinfetantes no tempo de presa, reprodução de detalhes e estabilidade dimensional de um gesso tipo IV

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A atividade antimicrobiana de agentes desinfetantes incorporados ao gesso tipo IV

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Processo de cicatrização óssea em defeitos cirúrgicos de tamanho crítico tratados com partículas do novo vidro bioativo associadas ou não à barreira de sulfato de cálcio: estudo histológico e histométrico em calvárias de rato

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Associação do plasma rico em plaquetas, novo vidro bioativo e sulfato de cálcio no tratamento de defeitos de furca classe II: estudo histológico e histométrico em cães

Pós-graduação em Odontologia - FOA

Avaliação da influência da incorporação de substâncias desinfetantes na resistência à compressão e à tração diametral de dois gessos tipo IV

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)