Burnout en estudiantes de odontolog��a: evaluaci��n atrav��s MBI versi��n estudiantes

The Dentistry is considerably stressful profession in all career phases. The aim of this study was verify the presence and level of Burnout syndrome in students, to compare it in the beginning and in the end of graduation course and verify the correlation among subscales and group of social and demographic variables. Was performed study an exploratory, descriptive and cross-sectional that with the sample by 174 students coursing different periods. It was used two instrument one with social and demographic questions and MBI-SS. Among 174 students participants of study, 112 (64.37%) were girls and 62 (35.63%) were boys. There was no significant difference between dimensions of Burnout and the gender (p<0.05), professional efficacy (p<0.01) and the period whose the students were coursing. The undergraduates that are in preclinical period showed average ehigher in the two first item of scale average lower in the third item in relation to those that exercise clinically the dentistry. The level of emotional exhausting had significance. There was correlation among three levels of Burnout and the preclinical period is a fact that should be observed.

Contexto de trabalho e S��ndrome de Burnout na equipe de enfermagem da Estrat��gia Sa��de da Fam��lia

Objetivo: Verificar a rela����o entre o contexto de trabalho e a S��ndrome de Burnout dos profissionais de enfermagem da Estrat��gia Sa��de da Fam��lia de um munic��pio mineiro. M��todo: Estudo seccional, de abordagem quantitativa. O grupo de estudo foi composto por 50 profissionais de enfermagem que responderam o question��rio de caracteriza����o sociodemogr��fica e profissional, Escala de Avalia����o de Contexto de Trabalho (EACT) e Invent��rio da S��ndrome de Burnout. Foram utilizadas an��lises explorat��ria e bivariada, considerando n��vel de signific��ncia de 5%. Resultados: A dimens��o Exaust��o Emocional apresentou correla����es significativas com todos os fatores da EACT; Despersonaliza����o apresentou diferen��a com as Rela����es Socioprofissionais e Organiza����o do Trabalho; Diminui����o da Realiza����o Pessoal correlacionou-se com Organiza����o do Trabalho. Conclus��o: Quanto pior sejam as condi����es e organiza����o do trabalho e as rela����es socioprofissionais, maior a possibilidade de insatisfa����o, desenvolvimento de atitudes de insensibilidade, adoecimento e exaust��o emocional do profissional de enfermagem da aten����o prim��ria.

Burnout em personal trainers da cidade de Macei��-AL : estudo dos seus determinantes

Introdu����o ��� A s��ndrome de burnout �� um tipo de estresse ocupacional que acomete profissionais envolvidos com qualquer tipo de cuidado em uma rela����o de aten����o direta, cont��nua e altamente emocional (MASLACH, 1993). O trabalho do Personal Trainer, favorece o desenvolvimento da s��ndrome de burnout, pois os mesmos t��m rela����o estreita com seus clientes, podendo causar o adoecimento deste profissional. Deste modo, os mesmos merecem aten����o por desenvolverem diversas fun����es no cotidiano de suas atividades de trabalho relacionadas aos fatores biopsicossociais, como a qualidade de vida (QV) que �� um importante aspecto a ser considerado na promo����o de sa��de destes profissionais. Deste modo, o objetivo central consiste em estudar determinantes de contexto s��ciodemogr��fico, laboral e biopsicossocial da s��ndrome de burnout em personal trainers da cidade de Macei��-AL. M��todos - Este estudo �� de natureza quantitativa, descritivo-correlacional e transversal, com recurso a uma amostra n��o probabil��stica, acidental e por conveni��ncia, composta por 100 (cem) personal trainers, com idades entre os 22 - 47 anos (

Burnout em profissionais da sa��de portugueses: Uma an��lise a n��vel nacional

Introdu����o: O burnout �� uma s��ndrome psicol��gica, caracterizada por elevada exaust��o emocional, elevada despersonaliza����o e baixa realiza����o profissional, que conduz �� eros��o dos valores pessoais, profissionais e de sa��de. Este estudo reporta a preval��ncia do burnout em profissionais de sa��de Portugueses. Material e M��todos: Os n��veis de burnout foram estimados pelo Maslach Burnout Inventory - Human Services Survey numa escala ordinal de zero (nunca) a seis (sempre) pontos. A amostra foi constitu��da por 1 262 enfermeiros e 466 m��dicos com m��dias de idade de 36,8 anos (DP = 12,2) e 38,7 (DP = 11,0), respetivamente. Os participantes foram provenientes de todos os distritos nacionais (35% Lisboa; 18% Porto; 6% Aveiro, 6% Set��bal, 5% Coimbra; 5% regi��es aut��nomas), com atua����o em meio hospitalar (54%), centros de sa��de (Unidade de Sa��de Familiar - 30%; Unidades de Cuidados de Sa��de Prim��rios - 8%) e outras institui����es p��blicas/privadas (8%). Resultados: A an��lise dos n��veis de burnout revelou que ambas as categorias profissionais apresentaram n��veis moderados a elevados de burnout (M = 3,0; DP = 1,7) n��o sendo significativas as diferen��as entre as duas profiss��es. Vila Real (M = 3,8; SD = 1,7) e a Madeira (M = 2,5; DP = 1,5) s��o as regi��es onde os n��veis de burnout s��o mais e menos elevados, respetivamente. Os n��veis de burnout n��o diferiram significativamente entre Hospitais, Unidades de Cuidados de Sa��de Personalizados e Unidades de Sa��de Familiares. Os profissionais com maior tempo na fun����o s��o menos acometidos por burnout (r = -0,15) n��o ocorrendo associa����o significativa com a dura����o da jornada de trabalho (r = 0,04). A m�� qualidade das condi����es de trabalho foi o melhor preditor do burnout (r = -0,35). Discuss��o: A ocorr��ncia da s��ndrome de burnout em profissionais de sa��de portugueses �� frequente, estando associada �� percep����o de m��s condi����es de trabalho e �� menor dura����o do tempo de servi��o. A incid��ncia de burnout apresenta diferen��as regionais que podem estar associadas ao aumento do stress imposto pelo exerc��cio da profiss��o em condi����es sub-��timas para a presta����o dos cuidados de sa��de. Os resultados alertam para a necessidade de interven����es para melhorar as condi����es de trabalho e forma����o inicial dos profissionais de sa��de de forma a garantir a qualidade do servi��o prestado aos utentes e o bem-estar pessoal destes profissionais. Conclus��es: A n��vel nacional, entre 2011 e 2013, 21,6% dos profissionais de sa��de apresentaram burnout moderado e 47,8% burnout elevado. A perce����o de m��s condi����es de trabalho foi o principal preditor da ocorr��ncia de burnout nos profissionais de sa��de Portugueses.

Work-related stress and occupational therapy

Occupational stress and burnout have been studied extensively in the human services. It has been suggested that healthcare professionals in particular are at risk of stress owing to the caring nature of their work. Articles related to occupational therapy and work-related stress were reviewed in regard to practice in Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, the United States and Sweden. Although the empirical literature is relatively weak for occupational therapy, it has been argued that occupational therapists in health care share risk factors with other healthcare professionals. These risk factors include repeated exposure to distress and difficult behaviour, prolonged interventions and uncertain outcome. Issues such as professional status, staffing issues and the nature of the profession have been identified as additional risk factors for occupational therapists. However, empirical studies that enable burnout rates of occupational therapists to be compared with those of related occupational groups suggest that this may not be the case. Occupational therapists may in fact be protected from some stress and burnout factors. Further research is recommended to clarify the nature of stress experienced by occupational therapists and to identify both risk and protective factors characteristic of the profession. Copyright �� 2001 Whurr Publishers Ltd.

Riscos psicossociais no trabalho: estresse e estrat��gias de coping em enfermeiros em oncologia

Objetivo: identificar fontes de estresse e estrat��gias de coping em enfermeiros que exercem fun����es em tr��s Servi��os de Oncologia de Cirurgia Cabe��a e Pesco��o, de tr��s hospitais centrais de Portugal. M��todo: estudo transversal, de car��cter descritivo e explorat��rio, cuja amostra foi constitu��da pelos 96 enfermeiros dos tr��s servi��os. Na recolha de dados, foram utilizados: Question��rio Sociodemogr��fico, Question��rio de Sa��de Geral-12, Invent��rio de Estressores Ocupacionais e Brief COPE. Resultados: verificaram-se n��veis razo��veis de sa��de geral. Os estressores mais referidos foram: sobrecarga de trabalho, baixa remunera����o salarial, espa��o f��sico onde se desenvolve a profiss��o, situa����es emocionalmente perturbadoras e falta de reconhecimento da profiss��o. As estrat��gias de coping mais utilizadas foram: planeamento, coping ativo, aceita����o e autodistra����o. Conclus��o: os estressores identificados relacionam-se principalmente a aspetos organizacionais e condi����es de trabalho, e as estrat��gias de coping escolhidas est��o direcionadas para a resolu����o de problemas e melhoria do bemestar dos enfermeiros. Percentagem expressiva de enfermeiros apresentou n��veis elevados de press��o e emo����es deprimidas. Os resultados apresentados corroboram estudos anteriores que alertam para a import��ncia do desenvolvimento de estrat��gias de preven����o dos n��veis de estresse.

Occupational stress and coping resources in physiotherapists: a survey of physiotherapists in three general hospitals

Objectives - To identify occupational stressors and coping resources in a group of physiotherapists, and to analyse interactions between subjective levels of stress, efficacy in stress resolution and coping resources used by these professionals. Design - A sample of 55 physiotherapists working in three general hospitals in Portugal completed the Coping Resources Inventory for Stress, the Occupational Stressors Inventory and two subjective scales for stress and stress resolution. Main results - Most physiotherapists perceived that they were moderately stressed (19/55, 35%) or stressed (20/55, 36%) due to work, and reported that their efficacy in stress resolution was moderate (25/54, 46%) or efficient (23/54, 42%). Issues related to lack of professional autonomy, lack of organisation in the hierarchical command chain, lack of professional and social recognition, disorganisation in task distribution and interpersonal conflicts with superiors were identified as the main sources of stress. The most frequently used coping resources were social support, stress monitoring, physical health and structuring. Perceived efficacy in stress resolution was inversely related to perceived level of occupational stress (r = ���0.61, P < 0.01). Significant correlations were found between several coping resources and the perceived level of stress and efficacy in stress resolution. Associations between problem solving, cognitive restructuring and stress monitoring and both low levels of perceived stress and high levels of perceived efficacy were particularly strong. Implications for practice - The importance of identifying stressors and coping resources related to physiotherapists��� occupational stress, and the need for the development of specific training programmes to cope with stress are supported.

Work, malaise, and well-being in Spanish and Latin-American doctors

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze the relations between the meanings of working and the levels of doctors work well-being in the context of their working conditions. METHOD The research combined the qualitative methodology of textual analysis and the quantitative one of correspondence factor analysis. A convenience, intentional, and stratified sample composed of 305 Spanish and Latin American doctors completed an extensive questionnaire on the topics of the research. RESULTS The general meaning of working for the group located in the quartile of malaise included perceptions of discomfort, frustration, and exhaustion. However, those showing higher levels of well-being, located on the opposite quartile, associated their working experience with good conditions and the development of their professional and personal competences. CONCLUSIONS The study provides empirical evidence of the relationship between contextual factors and the meanings of working for participants with higher levels of malaise, and of the importance granted both to intrinsic and extrinsic factors by those who scored highest on well-being.

Prestadores de cuidados familiares a doentes com VIH/SIDA: perfil psico-emocional e social

RESUMO: Com o presente estudo pretendemos identificar a sobrecarga resultante do envolvimento familiar com os doentes portadores de VIH/SIDA. Numa breve introdu����o te��rica, procedemos �� revis��o dos conceitos sobrecarga familiar e dos sentimentos/emo����es vivenciados pelos prestadores de cuidados. Metodologia: Estudo do tipo descritivo e explorat��rio, com uma amostra de 51 indiv��duos, cuja finalidade consiste na caracteriza����o dos prestadores de cuidados familiares a doentes com VIH/SIDA. Objectivos: Identificar quem o doente com VIH/SIDA, considera ser a pessoa significativa nos cuidados informais. Caracterizar, do ponto de vista s��cio-demogr��fico, os doentes e os prestadores de cuidados familiares. Identificar sentimentos e emo����es de viv��ncias, que justifiquem o sofrimento emocional e as repercuss��es na sobrecarga familiar nos prestadores de cuidados informais. Instrumentos: Na avalia����o da sobrecarga familiar, utiliz��mos o Question��rio de Problemas Familiares���- FPQ (Family Problemas Questionnaire). Para identifica����o dos Acontecimentos de Vida, adopt��mos a escala de Holmes e Rahe (Life Events); Para identifica����o do estrato social escolhemos escala de Graffar. Finalmente, para a caracteriza����o s��cio-demografica concebemos dois question��rios: um dirigido aos doentes e o outro aos prestadores de cuidados informais. Conclus��es: A sobrecarga da doen��a VIH/SIDA, nos prestadores de cuidados familiares, n��o �� uniforme nas diferentes dimens��es. A dimens��o sobrecarga subjectiva �� superior �� objectiva. O suporte social revela-se fraco, relacionado com as perdas familiares, devidas a morte, pelas rela����es familiares disfuncionais, entre os membros da fam��lia, pela falta de apoio e informa����o dos t��cnicos de sa��de. O sexo feminino �� predominante nos cuidadores. As m��es e esposas s��o o grau de parentesco dominante. Os solteiros s��o o grupo mais afectado pelo VIH/SIDA. Os cuidadores apresentam idade superior �� dos doentes. O estrato social preponderante �� o m��dio baixo e o baixo. Os familiares, apesar da atitude negativa dos doentes perante os cuidadores, mant��m-se envolvidos. Segundo a avalia����o multiaxial proposta pelo DM-IV, constat��mos, ao n��vel do eixo I, sintomatologia cl��nica do tipo das perturba����es depressivas e perturba����es da ansiedade. No eixo IV, os cuidadores evidenciam problemas psicossociais e ambientais, nomeadamente nas categorias problemas com o grupo de apoio prim��rio, problemas relacionados como grupo social, problemas educacionais, problemas de alojamento, problemas econ��micos. Os problemas relacionados com o grupo de apoio prim��rio, s��o os que mais parecem contribuir para os problemas psicossociais e ambientais.---------------------------------------ABSTRACT: This study wants to describe several problems as a result of the family���s relationship with HIV/AIDS patients, like overload. In a brief theoric introduction, we made a small revision about the concepts of family���s overload, and feelings or emotions that have been lived by the people who provide cares to the patients with this chronic disease. Methodology: This is a describing and exploratory study, with a sample with 51 individuals, with the aim to characterize the people inside the family who give care HIV/AIDS patients. Aim: To identify who are the most important people in informal cares from the patient perspective. To characterize, in a social-demographic point of view, patients and the people who take care of them. To identify feelings and emotions that could explain an emotional suffer, and some causes in the family burden. Means: to evaluate the family���s overload we used the Family Problems Questionnaire (FPQ). To identify life events we adopted the Holmes and Rahe scale. To identify the social stratum we used the Graffer scale. Finally to do a socio-economic characterization we did two kinds of questionnaire, the first one was directed for the patients, and the second one was chosen for the people who give care. Conclusions: The HIV/AIDS disease burden on the people who takes familiar cares isn���t uniform on several areas that we studied. The subjective overload it is superior to the objective. The social support is weak and poor, and related with family losses by dead, dysfunctional family relationships, and the lack of support and information by the medical staff. Mothers and wives are the dominant relative degree. And the singles are the major group with HIV/AIDS disease. The people who take care are usually older than the sick. The major social status is low or medium-low. The relatives keep evolved though the negative attitude of the sick. According with the evaluation multiaxial proposed by the DM-IV, in axle 1 we note clinic sintomatologic belonging to the type depressive perturbations and perturbations of the anxiety. Regarding with axle IV the caretakers show up psycho-social and environmental problems, namely on the categories: problems with the primary support group and problems related as social group, educational problems, accommodation problems and.

Effort, reward and self-reported mental health: a simulation study on negative affectivity bias.

Background : In the present article, we propose an alternative method for dealing with negative affectivity (NA) biases in research, while investigating the association between a deleterious psychosocial environment at work and poor mental health. First, we investigated how strong NA must be to cause an observed correlation between the independent and dependent variables. Second, we subjectively assessed whether NA can have a large enough impact on a large enough number of subjects to invalidate the observed correlations between dependent and independent variables.Methods : We simulated 10,000 populations of 300 subjects each, using the marginal distribution of workers in an actual population that had answered the Siegrist's questionnaire on effort and reward imbalance (ERI) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ).Results : The results of the present study suggested that simulated NA has a minimal effect on the mean scores for effort and reward. However, the correlations between the effort and reward imbalance (ERI) ratio and the GHQ score might be important, even in simulated populations with a limited NA.Conclusions : When investigating the relationship between the ERI ratio and the GHQ score, we suggest the following rules for the interpretation of the results: correlations with an explained variance of 5% and below should be considered with caution; correlations with an explained variance between 5% and 10% may result from NA, although this effect does not seem likely; and correlations with an explained variance of 10% and above are not likely to be the result of NA biases. [Authors]

La reconnaissance et le sens du travail : deux dimensions au coeur des processus de pr��servation de la sant�� mentale chez les professionnels des interventions d'urgences m��dicales pr��hospitali��res

Le travail en situations d'urgence, notamment m��dicale, comporte de nombreux facteurs de risque pour la sant�� mentale. Cependant, des ��tudes r��centes sugg��rent que la reconnaissance de m��me que certains aspects relatifs au sens du travail pourraient permettre aux individus de pr��server leur ��quilibre psychique malgr�� la pr��sence de stresseurs importants.Nous avons effectu�� une ��tude portant sur la sant�� au travail pour des ambulanciers travaillant en Suisse romande. Dans un premier temps, une phase qualitative centr��e sur l'observation du travail r��el a ��t�� effectu��e. Les observations ont ��t�� effectu��es dans 11 services pour un total de 416 heures d'observation. Dans un second temps, un questionnaire a ��t�� d��velopp�� et administr�� �� l'ensemble des ambulanciers de Suisse romande.Notre ��tude a notamment permis de confirmer l'importance de la reconnaissance et du sens du travail pour les ambulanciers. [Auteurs]

Une cons��quence d'un ��tat de stress chronique au travail : dossier

Le burn-out ou syndrome d'��puisement professionnel (Z73.0 selon le CIM-10) a ��t�� d��crit la premi��re fois en 1980 par le psychanalyste Freudenberger puis repris par Maslach et Jackson en 1986. [Auteure]