Taxocenoses de serpentes em grupos fitofisionômicos de cerrado no Parque Nacional de Sete Cidades, Piracuruca, Piauí, Brasil

Este trabalho teve como objetivo principal inventariar a fauna de serpentes do Parque Nacional de Sete Cidades, Piraracuruca, Piauí, Brasil, enfocando os seguintes aspectos: composição, riqueza e abundância de espécies nos seus diversos habitats, padrões de atividade diária, dieta, reprodução e comparação de composição com outras áreas estudadas por outros autores. Foram realizadas seis expedições ao Parque, entre setembro de 2005 e agosto de 2006, que totalizaram 120 dias de trabalho de campo. Para a amostragem de campo, foram utilizados três métodos: procura limitada por tempo, armadilhas de interceptação e queda e encontros ocasionais. Foram registradas 87 serpentes, distribuídas em quatro famílias (Boidae, Colubridae, Elapidae, Viperidae), 18 gêneros e 24 espécies. A espécie dominante foi Thamnodynastes sp. A (13,1%), seguida de Oxyrhopus trigeminus e Micrurus ibiboboca (10, 3%). Houve um predomínio de espécies terrestres e com períodos de atividade diurna. Como em outras taxocenoses de áreas abertas os colubrídeos mostraram-se dominantes. A fitofisionomia Cerrado Típico apresentou maior diversidade de espécies, sendo as menores diversidades registradas no Campo Limpo e Cerrado Rupestre. O método que apresentou melhor desempenho foi procura limitada por tempo, contudo, a utilização dos métodos de coleta isolados não se mostrou eficiente para inventariar a fauna de serpentes, sendo necessário o uso conjunto destes métodos para uma melhor amostragem da área. Através da análise de ACOP e da análise de agrupamento, foi possível observar que apesar de haver uma semelhança florística e fisionomicamente com Cerrado, a composição de espécies mostrou maior similaridade faunística com taxocenoses de áreas transição Cerrado/Caatinga e Caatinga.

Determinação de hemogregarina em Boa constrictor constrictor mantidos em cativeiro

O presente estudo teve como objetivo determinar a presença de hemogregarina em boídeos mantidos em cativeiro no Estado do Pará, bem como, relacionar a hemoparasitose com pre-disposição sexual, alterações clínicas e hematológicas e a presença de ectoparasitos. Esta pesquisa teve autorização do Sistema de Autorização e Informação em Biodiversidade do Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis para ser realizado. Utilizaram-se 19 serpentes da família Boidae mantidas em cativeiro, pertencentes ao "Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi" (Belém/PA) e "Sítio Xerimbabo" (Santo Antônio do Tauá/PA). A pesquisa de hemogregarina foi realizada em esfregaços sanguíneos examinados no aumento de 400x, enquanto que a parasitemia foi determinada contando- se 550 hemácias em aumento de 1000x. Do total de animais estudados (n=19), nove encontraram-se parasitados (47,36%), não havendo correlação entre presença de hemogregarina, pré-disposição sexual, alterações clínicas e hematológicas nas serpentes hospedeiras. A correlação da hemoparasitose foi detectada apenas quanto à presença de ectoparasitas nas serpentes, no entanto, estudos adicionais são necessários para verificar a prevalência de hemogregarinas em animais mantidos em cativeiro no Estado do Pará, visto que, existe grande lacuna de dados na literatura veterinária especializada no que diz respeito à fauna da região amazônica.

Helmintofauna associada a répteis provenientes da Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Foz do Rio Aguapeí, estado de São Paulo

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Zoologia) - IBB

Diversity, natural history, and geographic distribution of snakes in the Caatinga, Northeastern Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Levantamento das espécies de serpentes de Botucatu

Throughout the analysis of the collections JJ, CEVAP, IBSP, ZUEC and UEL, a study on the ophiofauna of Botucatu was made. We present a preliminary list of the species of snakes here found, with small comments on their natural history. The number of specimens studied was 943. We registered, for Botucatu, 51 species of snakes, distributed in 31 genera and 6 families. The families here found were Anomalepididae (1 spp.), Boidae (1 spp.), Colubridae (7 spp.), Dipsadidae (32 spp.), Elapidae (3 spp.) and Viperidae (7 spp.). The analysis of the relative abundance shows that Dipsadidae was the most abundant family, with n=425 (44,83%), followed by Viperidae, with n=388 (40,93%), Boidae, n=62 (6,54%), Colubridae, n=57 (6,01%), Elapidae, n=15 (1,6%) and, at last, Anomalepididae, with n=1 (0,1%). The five more representative species were Crotalus durissus (n=135, 14,31%), Oxyrhopus guibei (n=123, 12,8%) Bothropoides jararaca (N=121, 12,6%), Bothropoides neuwiedi (N=95, 9,88%) and Sibynomorphus mikani (N=65, 6,76%). A higher number of individuals collected was registered for the months of january to april that, together, sum up to almost 50% of the total. The months of june to september registered a lower number of individuals. The spacial distribution analysis shows that a higher number of snakes was found on the country areas of Botucatu (n=270, 41,54%), specially on pastures. Due to the lack of studies of Botucatu’s ophiofauna, this list is probably underestimated. It is mandatory that future studies approaching this group and its ecological components on this region are made, using appropriate sampling methodologies, in order to form an accurate list of the species of snakes of Botucatu

LIZARDS AND SNAKES (LEPIDOSAURIA, SQUAMATA) FROM THE LATE QUATERNARY OF THE STATE OF CEARA IN NORTHEASTERN BRAZIL

We present the first formal report on the squamate assemblage from Parque Nacional de Ubajara. This park contains the most important cave complex in the state of Ceara in northeastern Brazil, called Provincia Espeleologica de Ubajara. The material comes from the Urso Fossil cave at Pendurado Hill. All previously reported fossil remains found in this cave are tentatively attributed to the Quaternary (late Pleistocene-early Holocene). Probably only Arctotherium brasiliense represents a relictual fossil bear from the late Pleistocene megafauna. The taxa recognized in this paper belong to Tropidurus sp., Ameiva sp., cf. Epicrates, and cf. Crotalus durissus, adding to the knowledge of the Brazilian Quaternary squamate fauna as a whole, and contribute to a major taxonomic refinement of the squamate assemblages from the early Holocene of northeastern Brazil.

Herpetofauna associada à bromélia rupícola, encholirium spectabile, no semiárido brasileiro: revisão da literatura, ecologia das espécies e comportamento de psychosaura agmosticha (squamata: mabuyidae)

Bromeliads are an important microhabitat for the herpetofauna, for being widely used as refuge from predators and their leaf architecture allows humidity maintenance and relatively constant temperature inside, setting a favorable environment for amphibians and reptiles, especially in areas under hydric stress. However, studies addressing this relationship are still incipient and more concentrated in fitotelmatas bromeliad. For non-fitotelmatas rupicolous bromeliads of the gender Encholirium, which develops into rocky outcrops and contains species of semi-arid regions such as the Caatinga, animal-plant relationships are almost unknown. In this context, this study aimed to know the herpetological fauna inhabitant of macambiras bromeliads, Encholirium spectabile, analyzing occupation and use of these bromeliads by different taxa, and the behavioral ecology of the lizard Psychosaura agmosticha, seeking to identify factors associated with this strict relationship in Caatinga. An extensive review of the world literature on the subject “lizards in bromeliads” subsidized this study from the ecological perspective of this association. The field work was carried out at Fazenda Tanques, municipality of Santa Maria / RN, mesoregion of Agreste Potiguar. The observations and/or data collection in daytime and in the evening was conducted monthly during three consecutive days, from January 2011 to August 2012, totaling 450 hour.man of sampling effort. Sixteen species were registered: six lizards (Mabuyidae, Tropiduridae, Gekkonidae and Phyllodactylidae Families), six snakes (Boidae and Dipsadidae Families) and four of amphibians of Hylidae Family. The effect of the forest edge on the distribution of species along the outcrop was significant, with most species found in outcrop edges. Significant difference was found between some pairs of species concerning use of bromeliads, and almost total niche overlap in the use of microhabitat. 62.5% of the species are nocturnal and use these plants for sheltering, breeding and feeding. Regarding the relations between 4 the lizard Psychosaura agmosticha and macambiras bromeliads, behaviors of thermoregulation and foraging in the dry and wet seasons were recorded. Activity periods were concentrated between 7 and 10 am and between 3 and 5 pm in both seasons, showing a clear bimodal pattern. The species basically used the green leaves and there were no significant differences between males and females in the use of bromeliads. Positive associations were found between body temperature and temperatures of bromeliads and air. This species spent 1.95% ± 3.8 of the time moving (PTM) and moved on average 0:36 ± 2.1 seconds per minute (MPM), with significant differences between the wet and dry to PTM, and between the average time of stop and average duration of movements, being considered a sedentary forager. Psychosaura agmosticha, in the study area, is bromelicolous and uses macambiras primarily for thermoregulation and foraging. The results of this study elevate the rupicolous bromeliads Encholirium spectabile as key elements for the maintenance of amphibians and reptiles associated with it, and a clear advantageous association for the conservation of the groups involved.