Study of the II Network as the Compound Slot Equivalent Circuit Model

A combination of Method of Moments (MoM) and compound slot Equivalent Circuit Model for linear array design is presented in this document. From the S Matrix of the single element, the more suitable network for its characterization is analyzed and selected. Then according to the radiation requirements of the desired array, the elements are designed and then properly connected by means of Forward Matching Procedure (FMP), which takes into account impedance matters in order to keep the input matched at the designing frequency. Comparison between HFSS simulations and MoM-FMP results are also presented. First part of this work was introduced in (1)(2) but a summary is included here to make the understanding easier.

Diseño y configuración técnica de un espectáculo de directo

En primer lugar se realiza una breve introducción a la historia del refuerzo sonoro, en el cual veremos cómo a ido evolucionando hasta lo que se conoce hoy en día como Line Array, luego nos centraremos en los factores acústicos a tener en cuenta, en ellos repasaremos los conceptos de fase y la importancia de este factor en cuanto a la interacción de más de altavoz, en esta parte también repasaremos como afectan las condiciones climáticas como la atenuación del aire y la temperatura, a la propagación de sonido. A continuación nos centraremos en el diseño de arreglos de altavoces, veremos las diferentes configuraciones para diferentes rangos de trabajo, veremos sus ventajas y desventajas de cada arreglo y también se verá la forma de controlar la directividad de los arreglos para optimizar la propagación del sonido en el área a cubrir, para terminar esta parte profundizaremos en el diseño de los sistemas Line Array, analizando su estructura interna para entender su comportamiento directivo y eficaz en cuanto a la propagación de ondas. Por último se hará el análisis de un montaje real, en el cual tuve participación directa en el montaje ya que la empresa para la que trabajaba se encargó de hacer la gira del grupo español Amaral. Esta gira se realiza en el año 2008-2009, gracias a esta experiencia he podido llevar a cabo este proyecto donde también he podido comprobar algunos conceptos empleados en el diseño de arreglos. De esta Gira, se analizará la efectividad y el rendimiento del diseño de arreglo empleado, para esto se generará mediante software de predicción acústica, el mapa de presión sonora generado por el diseño empleado, una vez visto los resultados, se planteará una reorganización del arreglo de altavoces, para poder conseguir un mejor rendimiento en el área a cubrir. ABSTRACT. First is a brief introduction to the history of sound reinforcement, in which we will see how to have evolved into what is known today as Line Array, then we will focus on acoustic factors to consider in they will review phase concepts and the importance of this factor as to the interaction of the speaker more in this part also review such as climatic conditions affecting air attenuation and temperature, to the propagation of sound. Here we focus on the speaker array design, we see the different configurations for different ranges of work, we will see the advantages and disadvantages of each arrangement and also see how to control the directivity of the arrays to optimize sound propagation in the area to be covered, to finish this part will delve into the design of line array systems, analyzing its internal structure to understand its behavior management and effective in terms of wave propagation. Finally, we will analyze a real assembly, which had direct involvement in the assembly as the company for which he worked was commissioned to do the tour of the Spanish group Amaral. This tour takes place in the year 2008-2009, thanks to this experience I have been able to conduct this project where I have seen also some concepts used in the array design. In this tour, we analyze the effectiveness and performance of the array design used for this is generated by acoustical prediction software, the map of sound pressure generated by the design employed, once seen the results, he will consider reorganization under speaker, in order to achieve better performance in the area to be covered.

Design Optimization of Field Emission From A Stacked Carbon Nanotube Array

Fluctuation of field emission in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is riot desirable in many applications and the design of biomedical x-ray devices is one of them. In these applications, it is of great importance to have precise control of electron beams over multiple spatio-temporal scales. In this paper, a new design is proposed in order to optimize the field emission performance of CNT arrays. A diode configuration is used for analysis, where arrays of CNTs act as cathode. The results indicate that the linear height distribution of CNTs, as proposed in this study, shows more stable performance than the conventionally used unifrom distribution.

Design, simulation and testing of large area silicon drift detectors and detector array for X-ray spectroscopy

Large area (25 mm(2)) silicon drift detectors and detector arrays (5x5) have been designed, simulated, and fabricated for X-ray spectroscopy. On the anode side, the hexagonal drift detector was designed with self-biasing spiral cathode rings (p(+)) of fixed resistance between rings and with a grounded guard anode to separate surface current from the anode current. Two designs have been used for the P-side: symmetric self-biasing spiral cathode rings (p(+)) and a uniform backside p(+) implant. Only 3 to 5 electrodes are needed to bias the detector plus an anode for signal collection. With graded electrical potential, a sub-nanoamper anode current, and a very small anode capacitance, an initial FWHM of 1.3 keV, without optimization of all parameters, has been obtained for 5.9 keV Fe-55 X-ray at RT using a uniform backside detector.

Design for an IO block array in a tile-based FPGA

A design for an IO block array in a tile-based FPGA is presented.Corresponding with the characteristics of the FPGA, each IO cell is composed of a signal path, local routing pool and configurable input/output buffers.Shared programmable registers in the signal path can be configured for the function of JTAG, without specific boundary scan registers/latches, saving layout area.The local routing pool increases the flexibility of routing and the routability of the whole FPGA.An auxiliary power supply is adopted to increase the performance of the IO buffers at different configured IO standards.The organization of the IO block array is described in an architecture description file, from which the array layout can be accomplished through use of an automated layout assembly tool.This design strategy facilitates the design of FPGAs with different capacities or architectures in an FPGA family series.The bond-out schemes of the same FPGA chip in different packages are also considered.The layout is based on SMIC 0.13μm logic 1P8M salicide 1.2/2.5 V CMOS technology.Our performance is comparable with commercial SRAM-based FPGAs which use a similar process.

Design, simulation and testing of large area silicon drift detectors and detector array for X-ray spectroscopy

Large area (25 mm(2)) silicon drift detectors and detector arrays (5x5) have been designed, simulated, and fabricated for X-ray spectroscopy. On the anode side, the hexagonal drift detector was designed with self-biasing spiral cathode rings (p(+)) of fixed resistance between rings and with a grounded guard anode to separate surface current from the anode current. Two designs have been used for the P-side: symmetric self-biasing spiral cathode rings (p(+)) and a uniform backside p(+) implant. Only 3 to 5 electrodes are needed to bias the detector plus an anode for signal collection. With graded electrical potential, a sub-nanoamper anode current, and a very small anode capacitance, an initial FWHM of 1.3 keV, without optimization of all parameters, has been obtained for 5.9 keV Fe-55 X-ray at RT using a uniform backside detector.

Automated design of DSP array processor chips

Details are presented of the DAC (DSP ASIC Compiler) silicon compiler framework. DAC allows a non-specialist to automatically design DSP ASICs and DSP ASIC cores directly form a high level specification. Typical designs take only several minutes and the resulting layouts are comparable in area and performance to handcrafted designs.

Design of a wideband conformal array antenna system with beamforming and null steering, for application in a DVB-T based passive radar

The use of radars in detecting low flying, small targets is being explored for several decades now. However radar with counter-stealth abilities namely the passive, multistatic, low frequency radars are in the focus recently. Passive radar that uses Digital Video Broadcast Terrestrial (DVB-T) signals as illuminator of opportunity is a major contender in this area. A DVB-T based passive radar requires the development of an antenna array that performs satisfactorily over the entire DVB-T band. At Fraunhofer FHR, there is currently a need for an array antenna to be designed for operation over the 450-900 MHz range with wideband beamforming and null steering capabilities. This would add to the ability of the passive radar in detecting covert targets and would improve the performance of the system. The array should require no mechanical adjustments to inter-element spacing to correspond to the DVB-T carrier frequency used for any particular measurement. Such an array would have an increased flexibility of operation in different environment or locations.

The design of such an array antenna and the applied techniques for wideband beamforming and null steering are presented in the thesis. The interaction between the inter-element spacing, the grating lobes and the mutual couplings had to be carefully studied and an optimal solution was to be reached at that meets all the specifications of the antenna array for wideband applications. Directional beams, nulls along interference directions, low sidelobe levels, polarization aspects and operation along a wide bandwidth of 450-900 MHz were some of the key considerations.

The systolic array genetic algorithm, an example of systolic arrays as a reconfigurable design methodology

We advocate the use of systolic design techniques to create custom hardware for Custom Computing Machines. We have developed a hardware genetic algorithm based on systolic arrays to illustrate the feasibility of the approach. The architecture is independent of the lengths of chromosomes used and can be scaled in size to accommodate different population sizes. An FPGA prototype design can process 16 million genes per second.