Study of the enthalpy-entropy mechanism from water sorption of orange seeds (C. sinensis cv. Brazilian) for the use of agro-industrial residues as a possible source of vegetable oil production

Orange seeds are a promising agroindustry-waste which can be implemented in the extraction and production of vegetable oil. The relationship between moisture content and water activity provides useful information for the processing and storage of this waste item. The aim of this study was to determine the mechanism of water sorption enthalpy-entropy of orange seeds (C. sinensis cv. Brazilians) according to the moisture content. Therefore, desorption isotherms were determined at five different temperature (30, 40, 50, 60, and 70 ºC) under a wide range of moisture content (0.005-0.057 kg kg-1 d.b.) and water activity (0.02-0.756). Theoretical and empirical models were used for modeling the desorption isotherms. An analytical solution of the Clausius-Clapeyron equation was proposed to compute the isosteric heat of sorption, the differential entropy, and Gibbs free energy using the Oswin model when the effect of temperature on the hygroscopic equilibrium was considered.

A governança na cadeia agro-industrial da erva-mate na região do Alto Uruguai Rio-grandense, sob a ótica da cadeia de suprimentos

O setor ervateiro, na microrregião de Erechim, compreende 9.363 famílias de produtores rurais, que têm na atividade ervateira uma importante fonte de renda e 42 empresas agroindústrias que produzem e comercializam erva-mate para diversas regiões do Brasil e também para exportação. Para o desenvolvimento do trabalho foram selecionadas, de sete estabelecimentos varejistas, seis agroindústrias privadas, uma agroindústria privada cooperativa e vinte e quatro produtores rurais. No presente estudo, buscou-se: Caracterizar as cadeias de suprimentos de seis empresas privadas e uma empresa privada cooperativa. Descrever os fluxos de informações, de produtos, de recursos e de serviços. Verificar se existe uma lógica de mercado ou um maior poder de barganha de alguns elos sobre outros nas cadeias de suprimentos. Verificar a influência do fluxo de informações, de produtos, de recursos e de serviços na governança das cadeias estudadas, verificar a estrutura de governança nas cadeias de suprimentos em estudo. O trabalho conclui que o conhecimento dos fluxos de informações, de produtos, de recursos e de serviços, associados ao conhecimento do canal de distribuição, permite uma melhor compreensão da cadeia de suprimentos e da cadeia genérica, de seus potenciais e de seus gargalos. Também se concluiu que o custo de colheita é um dos problemas mais relevantes para os produtores e que, associado a dificuldades no fluxo de informações, cria dificuldades que precisam ser resolvidas. Quanto às agroindústrias, elas têm diversas dificuldades, entre elas, o maior poder de barganha do varejo sobre as agroindústrias como na comercialização com as grandes redes de hipermercados, que impõe uma série de normas as quais acabam por elevar os custos destas empresas. Espera-se que os conhecimentos gerados neste trabalho possam contribuir para a elaboração de políticas setoriais, estratégias empresariais e proposições de ferramentas gerenciais que possam melhorar a eficiência e a eficácia desta cadeia na região do Alto Uruguai Rio-grandense.

Production of fibrolytic enzymes by Aspergillus japonicus C03 using agro-industrial residues with potential application as additives in animal feed

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Pectinase production by fungal strains in solid-state fermentation using agro-industrial bioproduct

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Study of the enthalpy-entropy mechanism from water sorption of orange seeds (C. sinensis cv. Brazilian) for the use of agro-industrial residues as a possible source of vegetable oil production

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Usefulness of Mycobacterium tuberculosis molecular typing in a tuberculosis low-endemic agro-industrial setting of Brazil

To highlight the transmission and major phylogenetic clades of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a retrospective study was carried out at two health facilities in a small agro-industrial area in São Paulo, Brazil, that has a low tuberculosis incidence rate. IS6110-RFLP and spoligotyping were performed on the isolates, with the former revealing that 31.3% (35/112) of strains were clustered. Epidemiological links were found in 16 of the 35 clustered patients and were associated with transmission among patients living in public housing. Spoligotyping grouped 62.8% of the strains. The T genetic family predominated among the isolates. Of interest is that five strains had a pattern characteristic of African or Asian origin (ST535), and two others were of the rare localized type ST1888 (BRA, VEN). In addition, three new types-1889, 1890, and 1891-were identified. Spoligotyping showed that some ST may be circulating to or from Brazil, and RFLP revealed ongoing transmission in inadequately ventilated public-housing buildings. This may point to a failure in tuberculosis control policy.

La economía agro-industrial de Jujuy: desde el azúcar al bioetanol

Incluye Bibliografía

Comparing submerged and solid-state fermentation of agro-industrial residues for the production and characterization of lipase by Trichoderma harzianum

Lipase production by Trichoderma harzianum was evaluated in submerged fermentation (SF) and solid-state fermentation (SSF) using a variety of agro-industrial residues. Cultures in SF showed the highest activity (1.4 U/mL) in medium containing 0.5 % (w/v) yeast extract, 1 % (v/v) olive oil and 2.5 C:N ratio. This paper is the first to report lipase production by T. harzianum in SSF. A 1:2 mixture of castor oil cake and sugarcane bagasse supplemented with 1 % (v/w) olive oil showed the best results among the cultures in SSF (4 U/g ds). Lipolytic activity was stable in a slightly acidic to neutral pH, maintaining 50 % activity after 30 min at 50 C. Eighty percent of the activity remained after 1 h in 25 % (v/v) methanol, ethanol, isopropanol or acetone. Activity was observed with vegetable oils (olive, soybean, corn and sunflower) and long-chain triacylglycerols (triolein), confirming the presence of a true lipase. The results of this study are promising because they demonstrate an enzyme with interesting properties for application in catalysis produced by fermentation at low cost. © 2012 Springer-Verlag and the University of Milan.

Report on a survey of agro-industrial activities in the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States

Includes bibliography

Competitiveness of the manufacturing and agro-industrial sectors in the Caribbean with a focus on Dominica, Guyana, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Trinidad and Tobago

Includes bibliography

Influência da disposição de efluente agro-industrial no solo através da irrigação por aspersão

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Irrigação e Drenagem) - FCA

Sugar markers in aerosol particles from an agro-industrial region in Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Structural properties of beds packed with agro-industrial solid by-products applicable for solid-state fermentation: Experimental data and effects on process performance

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Bioactive compounds of the lipid fractions of agro-industrial waste

This study aimed at evaluating the oils extracted from seeds originating from agro-industrial waste, in order to identify the presence of bioactive compounds. Therefore, determinations of fatty acid profile, triacylglycerols, tocopherol composition, phytosterols, phenolic compounds, total carotenoids, and antioxidant capacity were performed in the oils of grape, guava, melon, passion fruit, pumpkin, soursop, and tomato seeds. Antioxidant capacity analysis was performed by the methods DPPH• , ABTS•+, FRAP, and β-carotene/linoleic acid, besides measure of oxidative stability in the oils. The oils showed to be predominantly unsaturated with high percentage of linoleic essential fatty acid (38.8 to 79.4%), besides presenting significant quantities of tocopherols, phytosterols, and phenolic compounds. Tomato and guava oils showed better results in the antioxidant capacity tests and pumpkin oil had higher induction period in the oxidative stability test (65.3 h). The results obtained in this study collect information that enables the use of new alternative sources of vegetable oils, obtained from agroindustrial waste, which may serve as raw material for food, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries.