��ndice Internacional de Fun����o Er��til Simplificado e doen��a coronariana em pacientes hipertensos

FUNDAMENTO: A Disfun����o Er��til (DE) se associa ao risco aumentado de Doen��a Arterial Coronariana (DAC). OBJETIVO: Avaliar a associa����o entre DE, determinada pelo ��ndice Internacional de Fun����o Er��til Simplificado (IIFE-5), e DAC. M��TODOS: Estudo de corte transversal que avaliou 263 hipertensos (55 [50 - 61] anos). A DE foi avaliada pelo IIEF-5 e a DAC, por meio da hist��ria de revasculariza����o mioc��rdica pr��via e/ou por cineangiocoronariografia. RESULTADOS: O IIFE-5 se correlacionou com o clearance de creatinina [ClCr] (Rho = 0,23; p < 0,001) e com a idade (Rho = -0,22; p < 0,001). Quarenta e dois pacientes apresentavam DAC; e o IIFE-5 foi capaz de discrimin��-los (��rea sob a curva ROC = 0,63; p = 0,006). Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos: IIFE-5 < 20 (n = 140) e IIFE- 5 &gt; 20 (n = 123); aqueles com menor IIFE-5 tinham idade mais elevada (57 [52 - 61] vs. 54 [45 - 60] anos; p = 0,002), maior preval��ncia de DAC (22% vs. 9%; p = 0,004), tabagismo (64% vs. 47%; p = 0,009) e do uso de inibidores dos canais de c��lcio (65 % vs. 43%; p = 0,001), al��m de menor ClCr (67,3 [30,8 - 88,6] vs. 82,6 [65,9 - 98,2] ml/min; p < 0,001). O IIFE-5 < 20 se associou ao maior risco de DAC em regress��o log��stica; tanto univariada (RR = 2,89 [IC 95% 1,39 - 6,05]), quanto ap��s ajustes para idade, diabetes, ClCr, tabagismo, press��o arterial m��dia e uso de anti- hipertensivos (RR = 2,59 [IC 95%: 1,01 - 6,61]). CONCLUS��O: O IIFE-5 se associa ao diagn��stico de DAC e sua utiliza����o pode agregar informa����o ao estadiamento do risco cardiovascular em pacientes hipertensos.

Effect of vaccination against gonadotrophin-releasing hormone, using Improvac��, on growth performance, body composition, behaviour and acute phase proteins

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of vaccination against GnRH on performance traits, pig behaviour and acute phase proteins. A total of 120 pigs (36 non-castrated males, NCM; 36 males to be vaccinated, IM; 24 castratedmales, CM; and 24 females, FE)were controlled in groups of 12 in pens with feeding stations allowing the recording of individual feed intake. The two vaccinations (Improvac��) were applied at a mean age of 77 and 146 days. All pigswere individually weighed every 3 weeks from the mean ages of 74 to 176 days and backfat thickness (BT) and loinmuscle depth (LD) were also recorded ultrasonically. Twelve group-housed pigs for each treatment were video recorded during 2 consecutive days at weeks 9, 11, 20, 21, 23 and 25 of age to score the number of inactive or active pigs in each treatment group by scan sampling. Aggressive behaviour by the feeder and away from the feeder, and mounting behaviour was also scored by focal sampling. Blood samples from 12 NCM, 12 CM and 12 IM were taken to determine the concentration of circulating acute phase protein Pig-MAP atweeks 1, 2, 4, 11, 13, 21 and 25 of age. After slaughter, the number of skin lesions on the left half carcasswas scored. IMpresented overall a higher growth rate and daily feed intake compared to NCM (Pb0.05),whereas their feed conversion ratios did not differ significantly. In comparison with CM, IM presented a better feed conversion ratio (Pb0.05), since their overall dailyweight gaindid not differ significantly, butIM ate less. Final leanmeat percentage of IM and CM was lower compared to that of NCM (Pb0.05). Activity, mounting and aggressive behaviour of NCM was higher than in IM, CM and FE after the second vaccination. Pig-MAP concentrationswere significantly elevated just after surgical castrationand after bothadministrations of the vaccine (Pb0.05), but concentrations subsequently decreased throughout time. Skin lesions of NCM were significantly higher compared to that of IM and FE (Pb0.05). The effects of vaccination were especially remarkable after the second dose, when the higher feed intake and lower activity of IM compared to NCMmight result in higher final body weight and more fat. Results from this study indicate that some welfare aspects such as a reduced aggression and mounting behaviour may be improved by vaccination against GnRH, together with productive benefits like adequate feed conversion ratio and daily weight gain.

Informe sobre redes y aparejos de pesca usados en el Per��

Da a conocer las observaciones sobre el tipo del aparejo empleado, su rendimiento, el nivel operacional y las modificaciones a introducirse para obtener m��s capturas y ser utilizadas en zonas m��s amplias.

Le P. Polycarpe de Marciac, capucin : notice historique / par C. Douais,...

Comprend : Discours de la maladie et mort du P. Polycarpe de Marciac

Le P. Polycarpe de Marciac, capucin : notice historique / par C. Douais,...

Comprend : Discours de la maladie et mort du P. Polycarpe de Marciac

Tachycardia is a strong predictor of cardiovascular events in the value trial

Objective: Tachycardia is associated with hypertension and is a predictor of cardiovascular events. The predictive effect of tachycardia might reflect its connection with hypertension. In this analysis of 15,245 VALUE study patients we explore whether tachycardia predicts cardiovascular endpoints in high risk hypertension and whether the in-trial blood pressure lowering modified the tachycardia - related risk. Methods: Heart rate from ECG readings at baseline and annually throughout the trial. Results: In the Cox Regression analysis the primary endpoint hazard ratio for a 10 beats per minute increment of baseline heart rate was 1.16 (1.12-1.2) p &lt; 0.0001, 1.17 (1.13-1.22) p &lt; 0.0001 and 1.22 (1.18-1.27) p &lt; 0.0001 unadjusted, adjusted for baseline blood pressure and for blood pressure plus risk factors, respectively. Primary endpoints strikingly increased in the highest quintile of baseline heart rate (=/&gt;79 beats). Primary endpoints in the highest heart rate quintile were 30 % higher in first, 55 % in second, 55 % in third, 52 % in fourth and 46 % in the fifth year of the study. The in-trial heart rate was also a potent predictor. The primary endpoint hazard ratios of highest heart rate quintile versus pooled lower 4 quintiles was (1.34-1.66) p &lt; 0.0001 unadjusted, 1.52 (1.36-1.69) p &lt;0.0001 adjusted for baseline blood pressure and risk factors and 1.52 (1.36-1.69) p &lt; 0.0001 further adjusted for in trial pressure. The increase of primary events in the upper quintile of in-trial heart rate was 68% in the group with good and 63% in the group with inadequate blood pressure control (both p &lt; 0.0001 by log rank test). Conclusions: 1./ Tachycardia is a short term marker and a long term predictor of adverse event in high risk hypertension. 2./ Tachycardia contributes to the residual cardiovascular risk regardless of the degree of BP control. We hypothesize heart rate lowering with appropriate drugs may further decrease the cardiovascular risk in patients with high risk hypertension and tachycardia.

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma: the impact of preneoplastic lesion pattern on survival.

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is associated with a very poor prognosis, characterized with a 5-year survival rate of only 5%. Surgery is the only curative treatment for selected patients. Nevertheless, recurrence is very frequent. Identifying prognostic factors is thus warranted. Like numerous other tumors, adenocarcinomas are preceded by preneoplastic lesions. The role and the impact of these lesions remain unclear. This study aimed to assess the impact of the preneoplastic lesion pattern and histo-morphological features, on survival after pancreatic resection. Thirty-five patients who underwent pancreatic resection for pancreatic adenocarcinoma were identified from a prospective database of a single center, between 2003 and 2008. We considered demographics, tumor characteristics and type of treatment. The major outcome was survival. Analyzes were separated into two groups, according to the preneoplastic lesions: Pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN)-related carcinomas and intracanalar papillary mucinous neoplasia (IPMN)-related carcinomas. The former were more frequent, accounting for 63% (22/35). Moreover, they displayed more aggressive features, with a higher tumor stage (p = 0.01) and higher rate of positive lymph nodes (p = 0.019). Lymphatic (p = 0.009) and perinervous (p = 0.019) invasions were also more frequent. Survival was negatively influenced by PanIN preneoplastic lesions (p = 0.015), T3-4 tumor stage (p = 0.038), positive lymph nodes (p = 0.044), lymphatic (p = 0.019) and vascular (p = 0.029) invasions. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma displays different behavior according to its preneoplastic lesion. Indeed, PanIN-related adenocarcinoma showed more aggressive features and lower survival rate. Preneoplastic lesions may represent predictive factors for survival. Their role and predictive value should be investigated more thoroughly.

F��stulas orocut��neas ap��s cirurgia de c��ncer da cavidade oral: fatores de risco

OBJETIVO: Quantificar as f��stulas ap��s cirurgia de c��ncer da cavidade oral e identificar fatores de risco. M��TODOS: Estudo retrospectivo, interessando pacientes submetidos �� cirurgia. Seguimento p��s-operat��rio m��nimo de dois anos. Vari��veis estudadas: sexo, comorbidades, tabagismo, etilismo, risco anest��sico e pulmonar, estadiamento cl��nico, linfadenectomia cervical, tratamento radioter��pico, acidentes cir��rgicos, infec����o ou deisc��ncia de ferida operat��ria, seroma ou hematoma de s��tio cir��rgico, infec����o respirat��ria no p��s-operat��rio, tipo de cirurgia e reconstru����o realizadas. RESULTADOS: Estudados 159 pacientes. Ocorreu f��stula orocut��nea em 30,3% (48 pacientes). Pacientes T3 tiveram f��stula em 16% dos casos, T4 em 40,3% e naqueles est��dio T1 ou T2, 26,6% e 1,8% respectivamente (p=0,0138). Os casos N+ evolu��ram com f��stula em 22.9% (N2c com 42,8%, p=0,0136), os com radioterapia pr��-operat��ria em 63,6% (p=0,0346). Aqueles com infec����o de s��tio cir��rgico em 47,3% (p=0,0146) e aqueles com deisc��ncia de ferida operat��ria em 53,7% (p=0,0030). O ��ndice de f��stula foi de 60% nos retalhos regionais mucocut��neos, de 39,2% nos miocut��neos e de 12,5% com retalho microcir��rgico (p=0,0286). CONCLUS��O: O ��ndice de f��stulas foi de 30,3%. Foram estatisticamente significativos para ocorr��ncia de f��stulas: est��dio T, linfadenectomia cervical bilateral, radioterapia pr�� ou p��s-operat��ria, infec����o e deisc��ncia de ferida operat��ria, e o uso de retalhos para reconstru����o.

L-histidine provokes a state-dependent memory retrieval deficit in mice re-exposed to the elevated plus-maze

The effects of L-histidine (LH) on anxiety and memory retrieval were investigated in adult male Swiss Albino mice (weight 30-35 g) using the elevated plus-maze. The test was performed on two consecutive days: trial 1 (T1) and trial 2 (T2). In T1, mice received an intraperitoneal injection of saline (SAL) or LH before the test and were then injected again and retested 24 h later. LH had no effect on anxiety at the dose of 200 mg/kg since there was no difference between the SAL-SAL and LH-LH groups at T1 regarding open-arm entries (OAE) and open-arm time (OAT) (mean �� SEM; OAE: 4.0 �� 0.71, 4.80 �� 1.05; OAT: 40.55 �� 9.90, 51.55 �� 12.10, respectively; P > 0.05, Kruskal-Wallis test), or at the dose of 500 mg/kg (OAE: 5.27 �� 0.73, 4.87 �� 0.66; OAT: 63.93 �� 11.72, 63.58 �� 10.22; P > 0.05, Fisher LSD test). At T2, LH-LH animals did not reduce open-arm activity (OAE and OAT) at the dose of 200 mg/kg (T1: 4.87 �� 0.66, T2: 5.47 �� 1.05; T1: 63.58 �� 10.22; T2: 49.01 �� 8.43 for OAE and OAT, respectively; P > 0.05, Wilcoxon test) or at the dose of 500 mg/kg (T1: 4.80 �� 1.60, T2: 4.70 �� 1.04; T1: 51.55 �� 12.10, T2: 43.88 �� 10.64 for OAE and OAT, respectively; P > 0.05, Fisher LSD test), showing an inability to evoke memory 24 h later. These data suggest that LH does not act on anxiety but does induce a state-dependent memory retrieval deficit in mice.