An investigation of solubility of aliquat 336 in different extracted solutions

A major concern in solvent extraction processes is the loss of extractant into the aqueous phase due to its slight solubility in the aqueous phase. Similarly, in membrane extraction processes, extractant loss through extractant leakage from the membrane into the aqueous phase is also a concern. Several published membrane extraction studies using Aliquat 336 as the extractant, have expressed this concern, but none has studied extractant leakage quantitatively. It is the authors’ opinion that the extractant leakage should be considered as a technical parameter of a membrane. In our laboratory active progress has been made in using Aliquat 336 ‘entangled’ into the polymer membranes to remove heavy metal ions from wastewater samples. In this work, we studied the loss of Aliquat 336 from the point of view of its solubility in aqueous solutions. The results showed that the solubilities of Aliquat 336 in an aqueous phase acidified with 2 M HCl is about 0.1 g/100 m/ of the solution. This figure provides a useful guideline for evaluating the leakage of the Aliquat 336 extractant from the membranes.

Influence of the use of Aliquat 336 in the immobilization procedure in sol-gel of lipase from Bacillus sp ITP-001

Aliquat 336, a liquid hydrophobic material, was used at different concentrations (0.5-3.0%, w/v) as an additive in the preparation of encapsulated lipase from Bacillus sp. ITP-001 on sol-gel silica matrices using tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) as the precursor. The resulting hydrophobic matrices and immobilized lipases were characterized with regard to specific surface area (BET method), adsorption-desorption isotherms, pore volume (Vp) and size (dp) by nitrogen adsorption (BJH method) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The catalytic activities and the corresponding coupling yields were assayed in the hydrolysis of olive oil. In comparison with pure silica matrices, the immobilization process in the presence of Aliquat 336 decreased the values for specific surface area and increased the values for pore specific volume (Vp) and mean pore diameter (dp). This behavior may be related to the partial adsorption of the enzyme on the external surface of the hydrophobic matrix as indicated by scanning electron microscopy. Aliquat 336 concentrations in the range from 0.5 to 1.5% (w/v) provided immobilized derivatives with higher coupling yields and better substrate affinity. The highest coupling yield (Y-A = 71%) was obtained for the immobilized enzyme prepared in the presence of 1.5% Aliquat which gave the following morphological properties: specific surface area = 183 m(2)/g, pore specific volume (Vp) = 0.36 cc/g and mean pore diameter (dp)= 91 angstrom. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

A shared 336 kb haplotype associated with the belt pattern in three divergent cattle breeds

We recently mapped the belt mutation in Brown Swiss cattle to a 922 kb interval on BTA3. In this study, we analysed two additional cattle breeds with the belted phenotype: Galloway and Dutch Belted (Lakenvelder). By genotyping microsatellites in solid-coloured and belted Galloways, we confirmed that the belt mutation in Galloways is strongly associated with the same chromosomal locus as in Brown Swiss cattle. Subsequently, we analysed 36 SNPs in the belt interval in three breeds. We identified a single belt-associated haplotype for each of the analysed breeds. The three breed-specific belt haplotypes share alleles in four blocks. Three of these blocks comprise only one single or two consecutive markers, while the largest shared haplotype block encompasses nine consecutive SNPs in a 336 kb interval. The large shared haplotype across divergent breeds suggests a common mutation for the belt phenotype in all three breeds. We identified a potential candidate gene within this interval coding for the developmental transcription factor HES6. We re-sequenced the complete HES6 coding sequence in belted and solid-coloured cattle but did not find belt-associated polymorphisms. In conclusion, our data provide strong evidence in favour of a common founder for the belt phenotype in different cattle breeds and have resulted in an improved fine-mapping of the causative mutation.

Na 50 Nachlass Arthur Schopenhauer - 'Schopenhauer-Archiv', 336 - Anmerkungen für Professor Hugo von Meltzl und Verbesserungsvorschläge für die Publikation seines Artikels

u.a.: Klage über die Einsamkeit in der Provinz; Ferdinand Laban; Arthur Schopenhauer;

Ms.Ff.F.Stoltze 3. 336 - Brief von Friedrich Stoltze an Friedrich August Finger

Frankfurter Dialekttheater, Wilhelm Sauerwein: "Der Gräff, wie er leibt und lebt", "Gräff im Grünen", "Der Amerikaner", Carl Malß, Pfeifer: "Die Brunnenfahrt", Sauerwein: Briefe an Wilhelm Rieger (verloren), Collegzeitung, Geplante Sauerwein-Gesamtausgabe

Na 1 Nachlass Max Horkheimer, 554 - Korrespondenzen mit Leo Löwenthal (p. VI 22, 207-336)

126 Briefe zwischen Max Horkheimer und Leo Löwenthal, Januar - August 1948; 1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an Herbert Marcuse, 1948; 2 Briefe zwischen Theodor W. Adorno und Leo Löwenthal, 1948; 1 Brief von Leo Löwenthal an Samuel H. Flowerman, 15.06.1948; 3 Briefe zwischen Erich Preiser und Leo Löwenthal, 1948; 1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an Howard Wilson, 28.08.1948; 1 Brief von Paul Lazarsfeld an Leo Löwenthal, 26.08.1948; 1 Brief von Käte Hirsch an Leo Löwenthal, [1948]; 1 Brief von Willy Haas an Max Horkheimer, 15.07.1948; 1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an Moses Finley, 16.08.1948; 1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an Robert J. Havighurst, [August 1948]; 1 Brief (Auszug) von Hans Mayer an Max Horkheimer, 23.03.1948; 1 Brief von Julius Schwietering an Max Horkheimer, 18.02.1948; 1 Brief von E. Stein an Max Horkheimer, 26.06.1948;

La Pampa criolla. Usufructo y apropiación privada de tierras públicas en Buenos Aires, 1820-1850, de María Elena Infesta, La Plata, Archivo Histórico de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, 2003, 336 páginas

Fil: Banzato, Guillermo. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

La Pampa criolla. Usufructo y apropiación privada de tierras públicas en Buenos Aires, 1820-1850, de María Elena Infesta, La Plata, Archivo Histórico de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, 2003, 336 páginas

Fil: Banzato, Guillermo. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.