Cardiovascular risk factors associated with migraine among the elderly with a low income: The Sao Paulo Ageing & Health Study (SPAH)

Background: To investigate the association between cardiovascular risk-factor profile and migraine in the elderly, we evaluated a population sample of ageing men and women (65 years or more) living in a low-income area in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Patients and Methods: We investigated migraine status and cardiovascular profile from a baseline of 1450 participants (65-102 years of age) of the Sao Paulo Ageing & Health Study (SPAH), a longitudinal population-based study with low-income elderly in Brazil. The following age and sex-adjusted cardiovascular risk factors were analyzed: blood pressure, pulse pressure, serum total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, body mass index, smoking, history of hypertension, diabetes and the 10-year risk of myocardial infarction or coronary heart disease death based on the Framingham Risk Score. Results: The overall prevalence of migraine was 11.4%, and it was 3 times more frequent among women than men (15.3% vs 5.4%; P < 0.0001). Migraineurs were younger than non-migraineurs (mean age 70.6 years vs 72.1 years; P = 0.001, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference regarding the cardiovascular risk-factor profile after adjustment for age and sex among migraineurs and non-migraineurs. Only a decrease in the risk of hypertension among women (OR 0.58; 95% CI 0.38-0.90; P = 0.01) was also observed even after adjustment for age. Conclusions: Overall, we did not find a worse cardiovascular risk profile among elderly migraineurs. An inverse association between hypertension and migraine in women warrants further investigation.

Deregulated expression of superoxide dismutase-2 correlates with different stages of cervical neoplasia

Objective: Superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD2) is considered one of the most important antioxidant enzymes that regulate cellular redox state in normal and tumorigenic cells. Overexpression of this enzyme may be involved in carcinogenesis, particularly in lung, gastric, colorectal and breast cancer. Methods: In the present study, we have evaluated SOD2 protein levels by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 331 cervical histological samples including 31 low-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (LSIL), 51 high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (HSIL), 197 squamous cervical carcinomas (SCC) and 52 cervical adenocarcinomas (ADENO). Results: We observed that SOD2 staining increases with cervical disease severity. Intense SOD2 staining was found in 13% of LSIL, 25.5% of HSIL and 40% of SCC. Moreover, 65.4% of ADENO exhibited intense SOD2 staining. Conclusions: Differences in the expression of SOD2 could potentially be used as a biomarker for the characterization of different stages of cervical disease.

Texto para discuss??o 31: custos no servi??o p??blico

O texto analisa o gasto p??blico e aspectos hist??ricos do seu desenvolvimento no Brasil, defendendo sua apura????o para o desenvolvimento de uma administra????o p??blica mais efic??z.

Resolu????o n?? 12, de 31 de outubro de 2014: estabelece a Pol??tica de Seguran??a da Informa????o e Comunica????es - PoSIC no ??mbito da ENAP

A Escola Nacional de Administra????o P??blica (Enap) publicou, no dia 31 de outubro de 2014, a Resolu????o n?? 12, que estabelece a Pol??tica de Seguran??a da Informa????o e Comunica????es (PoSIC). A PoSIC institui diretrizes estrat??gicas, responsabilidades e compet??ncias, visando assegurar a disponibilidade, integridade, confidencialidade e autenticidade das informa????es produzidas ou custodiadas pela Enap, de modo a preservar os seus ativos e sua imagem institucional. A Pol??tica trata do uso e compartilhamento do conte??do de dados, informa????es e documentos no ??mbito da Enap, em todo o seu ciclo de vida - cria????o, manuseio, divulga????o, armazenamento, transporte e descarte. O objetivo ?? garantir a continuidade de seus processos cr??ticos, em conformidade com a legisla????o vigente, normas pertinentes, requisitos regulamentares e contratuais, valores ??ticos e as melhores pr??ticas de seguran??a da informa????o e comunica????es.

Evolução de 31 crianças submetidas à ressecção bilateral das glândulas submandibulares e ligadura dos ductos parotídeos para controlar a sialorréia

OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a segurança da ressecção bilateral das glândulas submandibulares e ligadura dos ductos parotídeos em crianças para reduzir a saliva, a eficácia e as complicações em médio e longo prazo no tratamento da sialorréia. FORMA DE ESTUDO: Coorte longitudinal. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Trinta e uma crianças, com idades entre 6 e 13 anos (média de 7,6 anos), com múltiplas deficiências de etiologia neurológica foram submetidas à ressecção bilateral das glândulas submandibulares e ligadura dos ductos parotídeos, para controle da sialorréia, entre dezembro de 1999 a dezembro de 2005, e seguimento médio de 36 meses. RESULTADOS: O critério de sucesso foi o estabelecido por Wilkie, e 87% das crianças tiveram resultados excelentes e bons, sendo a morbidade insignificante e a principal complicação foi o edema temporário na região parotídea. CONCLUSÃO: A ressecção bilateral das glândulas submandibulares e a ligadura dos ductos parotídeos constituem técnica segura e eficaz para ser realizada em crianças, com 87% de sucesso no controle da sialorréia.

Unesp Informa, 2012, número 31

Boletim elaborado pela Assessoria de Comunicação e Imprensa da Reitoria da UNESP

Unesp Ciência, 2012, ano 3, número 31

Revista elaborada pela Assessoria de Comunicação e Imprensa da Reitoria da UNESP

Infective endocarditis (IE) first diagnosed at autopsy: analysis of 31 cases in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil

Thirty one infective endocarditis (IE) fatal cases whose diagnosis was first obtained at autopsy were studied. The clinical data of these patients (Group 1) showed significant differences compared to other 141 IE cases (Group 2). The average age of 53 years in Group 1 patients was 18 years higher than that of Group 2. The Group 1 patients had a low frequency of IE predisposing heart disease. Both patient groups presented fever (about 87%), but a significant low frequency of cardiac murmur (25.8%) was observed in Group 1 patients and echocardiography tests were performed in only 16.1%, suggesting that IE diagnosis was not suspected. Likewise, although most Group 1 patients appeared with severe acute illness, they did not present the classic IE clinical presentation. Blood cultures were performed in only 64.5% of the Group 1 patients. However, bacteria were isolated in 70% of these blood cultures and Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in 71.4%. The bacteria attacked mitral and aortic valves. Complications such as embolizations and cardiac failure occurred in almost half of the cases and they also presented with infections of the lungs, urinary tract, and central nervous system. Medical procedures were performed in practically all fatal cases whose diagnosis was first obtained at autopsy. Sepsis occurred in about half of the patients and it was followed by shock in more than 25%. This form of IE must be suspected in mature and in old febrile hospitalized patients having infection predisposing diseases, embolization, and suffering medical procedures.

Magnesium – association with inflammation and renal disease in systemic lupus erythematosus

Introduction: Recent studies suggest that magnesium deficiency may play a role in inflammation. In diabetes and cardio-vascular diseases, conditions with a component of chronic inflammation, C–reactive protein levels are higher and associated with low serum magnesium. The objective of this study is to evaluate serum magnesium levels in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and its potential association with inflammation and renal manifestations. Methods: All patients with systemic lupus erythematosus followed in a Systemic Immune Diseases Unit, from January 2012 until January 2014, were included in this cross sectional analysis. Patients with infection, neoplasia, liver failure and chronic kidney disease (stage > 3) were excluded. Clinical information and laboratory results (serum magnesium, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, serum creatinine and spot urine test) were collected. A multivariate analysis was performed to explore possible predictive factors for hypomagnesaemia. Results: One hundred and two patients were included (94.1% female, 21-86 years). 33.4% had hypertension, 8.8% had diabetes and 20.6% had hypomagnesaemia (< 1.8mg/dL). There were no significant differences between the inflammatory parameters of patients with hypomagnesaemia or normomagnesaemia. Serum magnesium was significantly lower with increasing comorbidities (p = 0.01). Leukocyturia was significantly higher in the hypomagnesaemia group (p = 0.03) and haematuria had a negative correlation with serum magnesium (-0.23, p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that patients with hypertension and diabetes had higher risk of hypomagnesaemia: OR 42.29 (95% CI, 1.43-1249.31). Leukocyturia was also individually and independently associated with hypomagnesaemia: OR 8.37 (95% CI, 1.40-49.97). Conclusion: The presence of hypomagnesaemia in our patients with systemic lupus erythematosus was high. There was no association between the levels of serum magnesium and the inflammatory parameters. Increasing comorbidities and leukocyturia were independent predictors of lower serum magnesium. Finally, the association of leukocyturia and haematuria with lower serum magnesium may suggest a relationship with a higher disease activity.

Fatores Preditivos e Morbilidades Associadas à Persistência de Canal Arterial em Recém-Nascidos de Muito Baixo Peso e Idade Gestacional de 27 - 31 Semanas

A persistência de canal arterial hemodinamicamente significativo (PCAHS) é uma patologia frequente em recém-nascidos de muito baixo peso. O objectivo deste estudo foi identificar fatores de risco e morbilidades associadas à PCAHS no recém-nascido de muiot baixo peso com idade gestacional de 27 e 31 semanas. Estudaram-se os recém-nascidos(RN) com idade gestacional entre 27 e 31 semans e peso de nascimento inferior a 1500 gramas, admitidos numa unidade de cuidados intensivos neonatais entre 2010 e 2012. Realizou-se um estudo caso-coorte, tendo-se identificado os casos com diagnóstico ecográfico de PCAHS e uma amostra sistemática de RN sem diagnóstico de PCAHS (coorte de controlos). Foram explorados por regressão logística modelos preditivos da ocorrência de PACHS e da sua contribuição para a principal morbilidade neonatal. Nos três anos de estudo, a incidência de PACHS foi de 15%, intervalo de confiança (IC) 95% 11,3 - 19,5. A análise dos 44 RN com PACHS e dos 60 sem PACHS identificou como melhores preditores de PACHS a necessidade de ventilação venosa invasiva (odds ratio (OR) 3.65: IC95%1, 268 - 10,479: p=0,016) e a administração de surfatante (OR ajustado 4,52; IC95% 1,738-11,735; p=0,002); a PACHS mostrou ser significativa no modelo preditivo de leucomalácia periventricular (LPV) (OR ajustado 4,42: IC95% 1,621-12,045; p=0,004). Os resultados obtidos sugerem que estratégias preventivas e terapêuticas que permitam a redução da necessidade de administração de surfatante e de ventilação mecânica invasiva podem reduzir o risco de PCAHS. A PCAHS está positivamente associada à incidência de LPV.

Frequency of myocarditis in cases of fatal meningococcal infection in children: observations on 31 cases studied at autopsy

The frequency of myocarditis associated with meningococcal disease in children was reported only in two autopsied series (United States and South Africa). Here we report the frequency of associated myocarditis in 31 children who died of meningoccal infection at Hospital Infantil N.S. da Glória in Vitória, Espirito Santo State, Brazil. The diagnosis was confirmed by isolation of Neisseria meningitidis . At least three sections of fragments of both atria and ventricles were studied using the Dallas Criteria for the morphologic diagnosis of myocarditis. The mean age was 47.6 ± 39.8 months and the mean survival time after the onset of symptoms was 46.1 ± 26.5h (12-112h). Myocarditis was present in 13 (41.9%) patients, being of minimal severity in 11 cases and of moderate severity in 2 cases. There were no cases with severe diffuse myocarditis. The frequency of myocarditis was not influenced by sex, presence of meningitis, survival time after the onset of symptoms or use of vasoactive drugs. The frequency of myocarditis reported here was intermediate between the values reported in the only two case series published in the literature (57% in the United States and 27% in South Africa). Although our data confirm the high frequency of myocaditis in meningoccal disease, further investigations are necessary to elucidate the contribution of myocarditis to myocardial dysfunction observed in cases of meningococcal infection in children.

Às armas : o republicanismo na literatura portuguesa entre o 31 de Janeiro e o 5 de Outubro

Dissertação apresentada para a obtenção do grau de Doutor em Estudos Anglo-Portugueses