Sentidos e práticas do cuidar: o enfermeiro em Centros Municipais de Saúde do município do Rio de Janeiro

Esta pesquisa é fruto da dissertação de mestrado do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (ENF/UERJ). Teve como objetivo geral compreender os sentidos e as práticas de cuidado realizadas pelos enfermeiros nos Centros Municipais de Saúde (CMS) em uma Área de Planejamento do município do Rio de Janeiro. A escolha pelo estudo dos sentidos e das práticas de cuidado ocorreu por entender-se que cada ser humano pensa, reflete e age de forma diferente, perante a realidade e a si próprio e, dessa forma, estabelecem relações entre esses sentidos e suas experiências de vida. Assim, torna-se necessário não somente estudar e conhecer as práticas de cuidados exercidas pelos enfermeiros da Atenção Primária em Saúde, mas também reconhecer e apreender os sentidos de cuidado que este profissional possui. Os trabalhos relativos à prática do enfermeiro na Atenção primária em Saúde discutem as atividades deste profissional, porém não as correlacionam ao cuidado de enfermagem. Trata-se de um estudo de natureza qualitativa, que privilegiou a utilização da abordagem Hermenêutica-Dialética. A pesquisa desenvolveu-se no período de 2007 a 2009, sendo utilizada a entrevista semi estruturada como instrumento de coleta de dados. Foram entrevistados 14 enfermeiros que desenvolvem suas atividades em CMS. A análise das entrevistas foi feita mediante a análise de seu conteúdo. Desta análise, foram identificadas três categorias: Prática do enfermeiro na Atenção Primária em Saúde; Fatores que influenciam a prática do enfermeiro e O cuidado do enfermeiro na Atenção Primária em Saúde. Com a análise dos dados, pôde-se perceber a diversidade de práticas realizadas pelo enfermeiro neste campo de atuação, porém o cuidado de enfermagem não é identificado diretamente como uma prática em saúde. Sobre os sentidos da prática de cuidado, constatou-se que o enfermeiro a compreende como um conjunto de dimensões que englobam o fazer técnico, organizacional e de uma boa prática em saúde. Por meio da produção dos sentidos referentes à prática de cuidado, percebe-se que, apesar do cuidado não ser descrito como uma prática pelo enfermeiro, ele permeia o cotidiano de suas ações nos CMS. Assim, olhar para as práticas do enfermeiro na Atenção Primária em Saúde ajudou a compreender como é realizada a prática de cuidado, seja para a organização dos serviços, para a oferta de um atendimento com base na identificação das necessidades de saúde do indivíduo e na orientação em saúde.

Programmable transformation of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes into 3D microstructures

Capillary forming of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) enables the fabrication of unique 3D microstructures over large areas. In this paper we focus on the simulation as well as on the integration of these structures in MEMS devices. We developed finite element models (FEM) that enables qualitative prediction of shape transformations caused by capillary forming; and show how capillary formed CNT structured can be integrated with conventional lithographic processing for patterning of polymers and metals in concert with CNTs. © 2011 IEEE.

银鲫卵黄原的诱导、分离纯化及其生化鉴定

以雄性银鲫为实验材料 ,通过雌二醇 (Estradiol- 1 7β,E2 )的多次诱导 ,使得 E2 诱导产物成为血清中的主要蛋白。而后 ,在快速蛋白液相色谱 (FPL C)系统上 ,利用高交换量的阴离子交换层析 Q柱 ,成功的从血清中提纯了与雌性特异蛋白相一致的 E2 诱导产物。糖、磷、脂蛋白分析表明 ,它是一类糖磷脂蛋白大分子。同时 ,它能被 Mg2 + - Ethylenediamine tetraaceticacid(Mg2 + - EDTA)部分沉淀 ,这进一步证明 ,与雌性特异蛋白相一致的

Growth of Chlorella vulgaris in cultures with low concentration dimethoate as source of phosphorus

The growth response of Chlorella vulgaris to low concentration of dimethoate, an organophosphorus pesticide, was studied. Results show that cell density, protein content, chlorophyll pigment and alkaline phosphatase activity were all increased, which indicates that low concentration dimethoate can accelerate growth of Chlorella vulgaris. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd.

成骨细胞铺展形状和面积对其凋亡的影响

<正>骨组织内的三种细胞(即骨细胞、成骨细胞和破骨细胞)控制着骨的形成与吸收。骨细胞位于胞外矿物质沉积形成的骨陷窝内,而成骨细胞与破骨细胞位于骨小梁的表面。成骨细胞在向骨细胞进行分化的过程中,首先大量分泌细胞外基质逐渐将自身束缚在一个狭小的空间内,并最终在这种狭小的空间中分化为骨细胞。另一方面,成骨细胞紧密排列在骨小梁的表面,细胞间距离约为1μm,当分化为骨细胞后,细胞间距离

相对论连续无规位相近似研究流和库仑相互作用对核巨共振激发的影响

<正>在相对论连续无规位相近似(RCRPA)框架下研究了矢量介子流和库仑相互作用对核多极激发的影响。在这个方法中,用单粒子格林函数方法严格处理连续态对粒子-空穴(ph)激发的贡献。在无海近似下,单粒子格林函数中同时包含了狄拉克海负能态。数值计算中,单粒子格林函数由狄拉克方程的正规解和非正规解的适当乘积得到。我们采用完全自洽的RCRPA计算,即在同一个拉氏量下描述核基态性质和ph相互作用,这里,我们选用参数NL3。矢量介子空间分量即流虽然对

一种由苯胺和氨基甲酸酯合成苯胺基甲酸酯的方法

一种由苯胺和氨基甲酸酯合成苯胺基甲酸酯的方法，是在适宜定量溶剂的存在下，在适宜的反应温度和反应时间下，加入一定量的催化剂，使苯胺与氨基甲酸酯反应，高选择性的合成苯胺基甲酸酯。本发明具有反应条件温和、操作过程简单、催化剂价廉易得、反应选择性好、反应转化率高等优点，是一种满足工业化需求、实用性很强的方法。

Study of a new derivatizing reagent that improves the analysis of amino acids by HPLC with fluorescence detection: application to hydrolyzed rape bee pollen

A simple and sensitive method for evaluating the chemical compositions of protein amino acids, including cystine (Cys)(2) and tryptophane (Try) has been developed, based on the use of a sensitive labeling reagent 2-(11H-benzo[alpha]-carbazol-11-yl) ethyl chloroformate (BCEC-Cl) along with fluorescence detection. The chromophore of the 1,2-benzo-3,4-dihydrocarbazole-ethyl chloroformate (BCEOC-Cl) molecule was replaced with the 2-(11H-benzo[alpha]-carbazol-11-yl) ethyl functional group, yielding the sensitive fluorescence molecule BCEC-Cl. The new reagent BCEC-Cl could then be substituted for labeling reagents commonly used in amino acid derivatization. The BCEC-amino acid derivatives exhibited very high detection sensitivities, particularly in the cases of (Cys)(2) and Try, which cannot be determined using traditional labeling reagents such as 9-fluorenyl methylchloroformate (FMOC-Cl) and ortho-phthaldialdehyde (OPA). The fluorescence detection intensities for the BCEC derivatives were compared to those obtained when using FMOC-Cl and BCEOC-Cl as labeling reagents. The ratios I (BCEC)/I (BCEOC) = 1.17-3.57, I (BCEC)/I (FMOC) = 1.13-8.21, and UVBCEC/UVBCEOC = 1.67-4.90 (where I is the fluorescence intensity and UV is the ultraviolet absorbance). Derivative separation was optimized on a Hypersil BDS C-18 column. The detection limits calculated from 1.0 pmol injections, at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3, ranged from 7.2 fmol for Try to 8.4 fmol for (Cys)(2). Excellent linear responses were observed, with coefficients of > 0.9994. When coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography, the method established here allowed the development of a highly sensitive and specific method for the quantitative analysis of trace levels of amino acids including (Cys)(2) and Try from bee-collected pollen (bee pollen) samples.

基于主动建模的自主移动机器人自适应容错控制

针对非线性自主移动机器人可能发生的驱动器故障,提出了一种新的自适应容错控制方法,即基于主动建模的逆动力学控制(IDC)方法.无色卡尔曼滤波(UKF)非线性估计方法用于对系统进行主动建模--状态和故障参数的在线联合估计,含有可调参数的逆动力学控制器用于根据UKF的估计结果进行控制策略的重构.仿真实验证明,具有主动建模的控制器能够有效地补偿系统的驱动器故障,使故障后的系统仍具有令人满意的性能。

Population-Dynamics And Production Of Euphausiids. III Meganyctiphanes-Norvegica And Nyctiphanes-Couchi In The North-Atlantic Ocean And The North-Sea

Seasonal changes in abundance, size and aspects of the population structure of Meganyctiphanes norvegica (M. Sars) and Nyctiphanes couchi (Bell) are described from samples taken with the “Continuous Plankton Recorder” at 10 m depth over a 2 yr period (1966 and 1967) in the North Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea. M. norvegica lived for a maximum of just over 2 yr, and adults of both year-classes spawned during a limited breeding season in the spring or summer. N. couchi spawned over a prolonged breeding season, giving rise to a complex of cohorts with overlapping size ranges. It was concluded that 3 or 4 cohorts were spawned in each year and that the maximum life span was probably greater than 1 yr, although maturity may be attained in less than a year. Estimated annual production at 10 m depth for M. norvegica ranged from 0.80 to 18.74 mg m-3yr-1 and for N. couchi from 0.67 to 8.23 mg m-3yr-1. P:B ratios ranged from 1.3:1 to 6.3:1 for M. norvegica and 4.0:1 to 5.5:1 for N. couchi.

Fast and frugal models of clinical judgement in novice and expert physicians

Our objective was to study whether “compensatory” models provide better descriptions of clinical judgment than fast and frugal models, according to expertise and experience. Fifty practitioners appraised 60 vignettes describing a child with an exacerbation of asthma and rated their propensities to admit the child. Linear logistic (LL) models of their judgments were compared with a matching heuristic (MH) model that searched available cues in order of importance for a critical value indicating an admission decision. There was a small difference between the 2 models in the proportion of patients allocated correctly (admit or not-admit decisions), 91.2% and 87.8%, respectively. The proportion allocated correctly by the LL model was lower for consultants than juniors, whereas the MH model performed equally well for both. In this vignette study, neither model provided any better description of judgments made by consultants or by pediatricians compared to other grades and specialties.

Influence of process parameters on fluidised hot-melt granulation and tablet pressing of pharmaceutical powders

This study investigates the influence of process parameters on the fluidised hot melt granulation of lactose and PEG 6000, and the subsequent tablet pressing of the granules. Granulation experiments were performed to assess the effect of granulation time and binder content of the feed on the resulting granule properties such as mass mean granule size, size distribution, granule fracture stress, and granule porosity. These data were correlated using the granule growth regime model. It was found that the dominant granule growth mechanisms in this melt granulation system were nucleation followed by steady growth (PEG 10–20% w/w). However, with binder contents greater than 20% w/w, the granulation mechanism moved to the “over-wet massing” regime in which discrete granule formation could not be obtained. The granules produced in the melt fluidised bed process were subsequently pressed into tablets using an industrial tablet press. The physical properties of the tablets: fracture stress, disintegration time and friability were assessed using industry standards. These analyses indicated that particle size and binder content of the initial granules influenced the mechanical properties of the tablets. It was noted that a decrease in initial granule size resulted in an increase in the fracture stress of the tablets formed.