Functional characterization of UvrD helicases from Haemophilus influenzae and Helicobacter pylori

Haemophilus influenzae and Helicobacter pylori are major bacterial pathogens that face high levels of genotoxic stress within their host. UvrD, a ubiquitous bacterial helicase that plays important roles in multiple DNA metabolic pathways, is essential for genome stability and might, therefore, be crucial in bacterial physiology and pathogenesis. In this study, the functional characterization of UvrD helicase from Haemophilus influenzae and Helicobacter pylori is reported. UvrD from Haemophilus influenzae (HiUvrD) and Helicobacter pylori (HpUvrD) exhibit strong single-stranded DNA-specific ATPase and 3'5' helicase activities. Mutation of highly conserved arginine (R288) in HiUvrD and glutamate (E206) in HpUvrD abrogated their activities. Both the proteins were able to bind and unwind a variety of DNA structures including duplexes with strand discontinuities and branches, three- and four-way junctions that underpin their role in DNA replication, repair and recombination. HiUvrD required a minimum of 12 nucleotides, whereas HpUvrD preferred 20 or more nucleotides of 3'-single-stranded DNA tail for efficient unwinding of duplex DNA. Interestingly, HpUvrD was able to hydrolyze and utilize GTP for its helicase activity although not as effectively as ATP, which has not been reported to date for UvrD characterized from other organisms. HiUvrD and HpUvrD were found to exist predominantly as monomers in solution together with multimeric forms. Noticeably, deletion of distal C-terminal 48 amino acid residues disrupted the oligomerization of HiUvrD, whereas deletion of 63 amino acids from C-terminus of HpUvrD had no effect on its oligomerization. This study presents the characteristic features and comparative analysis of Haemophilus influenzae and Helicobacter pylori UvrD, and constitutes the basis for understanding the role of UvrD in the biology and virulence of these pathogens.

基体界面屈服强度和残余应力失配对界面裂纹扩展的影响

对基体界面屈服强度和残余应力失配情况下的界面裂纹扩展机制进行了力学理论分析，并通过位错与裂纹的关系理论计算了界面裂纹尖端塑性区尺寸。结果表明：当界面裂纹由低强度区向高强度区扩展时，高强度区的残余压应力和屈服强度减少了裂纹尖端的塑性区长度和裂纹尖端张开位移，从而起到了抑制界面裂纹扩展的作用。

Estudio de medios de cultivos, explantes, frascos y sustratos en cladodio de pitahaya (Hylocereus undatus Britton et Rose) cv. chocoya de Nicaragua en fase de micropropagacion

Se estudiaron las fases de multiplicación, enraizamiento, aclimatización y el trasplante en el cultivo de pitahaya ( Hylocereus undatus Britton et Rose ) cultivar Chocoya . El ensayo se desarrolló en 4 fases: Fase 1: Multiplicación. 1a) Efecto de 9 medios de cultivo (dosis de BAP y sacarosa) y tipo de explantes (apical, central y basal). 1b) Efecto en crecimiento de tres tipos de explantes (apical, central y basal), número de explantes (5, 6 y 7 explantes/frasco) y volumen del frasco (220 y 430 ml). Fase 2: Enraizamiento. Efect o de 9 medios de cultivo , consistencia de medios de cultivo (líquida y semisólida) con explantes centrales. Fase 3: Aclimatización. Establecimiento de plántulas provenientes de la fase de enraizamiento con do s tipos de sustrato (compost y lombrihumus). Fase 4: Trasplante. Trasplante al campo de plantas provenientes de la fase de aclimatización segmentando el cladodio en 3 partes. Los ensayos fueron esta blecidos sobre diseños factoriales apropiados, y se utilizó Duncan - Waller ( Pr =0.05) como criterio de separación de promedios en las variables de cladodios, raíces, sobrevivencia, número de brotes, entre otras. En los medios de cultivo que contenían 1 mg l - 1 de BAP con 30 ó 40 g/l de sacarosa, resultó mejor el número de brotes emitidos por segmentos apicales de la vaina. En los tratamientos segmento central en frasco de 220 ml y 430 ml y segmento apical en frasco de 430 ml, el número de brotes fue mayor en t odos ellos con 5 y 6 tejidos por frasco. El promedio de raíces por cladodio fue de 3.32 en el medio de cultivo que contenía 30g/l de sacarosa, sin adición de AIA y de consistencia sólida. La aclimatación en el sustrato compost el promedio de longitud, núme ro de raíces y el porcentaje de sobrevivencia fue mejor cuando las plantas habían enraizado previamente en un medio de cultivo con 0.5 mg l - 1 de AIA y 60 g/l de sacarosa y en sustrato de lombrihumus la aclimatación fue mejor con plantas previamente enraizad as en el medio de cultivo con 0.5 mg/l de AIA y 30 g/l de sacarosa. En el trasplante, el segmento apical de la vaina presentó una mayor longitud (14.56 cm), la longitud de los brotes axilares fue superior en los segmentos centrales (2.46 cm). En todos los tratamientos no hubo muerte de los cladodios enraizados

Cruise Report: Spring 2006 Survey of ecological conditions of the U.S. Middle Atlantic Bight NOAA Ship Nancy Foster NF-06-06-NCCOS (May 12 - May 21, 2006)

This cruise report is a summary of a field survey conducted in coastal-ocean waters of the Mid-Atlantic Bight from Nags Head, North Carolina to Cape Cod, Massachusetts and from approximately 1 nautical mile (nm) of shore seaward to the shelf break (100 m). The survey was conducted May 12 - May 21, 2006 on NOAA Ship NANCY FOSTER Cruise NF-06-06-NCCOS. Multiple indicators of ecological condition were sampled synoptically at each of 49 stations throughout the region using a random probabilistic sampling design. Samples were collected for the analysis of benthic community structure and composition; concentrations of chemical contaminants (metals, pesticides, PAHs, PCBs, PBDEs) in sediments and target demersal biota; nutrient and chlorophyll levels in the water column; and other basic habitat characteristics such as depth, salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, sediment grain size, and organic carbon content. The overall purpose of the survey was to collect data to assess the status of ecological condition in coastal-ocean waters of the region, based on these various indicators, and to provide this information as a baseline for determining how environmental conditions may be changing with time. The results will be of value in helping to broaden our understanding of the status of ecological resources and their controlling factors, including impacts of potential ecosystem stressors, in such strategic coastal areas. (18pp.) (PDF contains 24 pages)

An adaptive sliding mode control law for the power maximization of the wind turbine system

POWERENG 2011

Rapid evolution, genetic variations, and functional association of the human spermatogenesis-related gene NYD-SP12

NYD-SP12 is a recently identified spermatogenesis-related gene with a pivotal role in human testis development. In this study, we analyzed between-species divergence and within-species variation of NYD-SP12 in seven representative primate species, four wo

Extraction of intrinsic frequency response of p-i-n photodiodes

This letter presents a new method for extracting the intrinsic frequency response of a p-i-n photodiode (PD) from the measured frequency response of the PD at different bias voltages. This method is much simpler than the conventional calibration method, since only the measured scattering parameters are required, and there is no need to calibrate the test fixtures and the lightwave source. Experiment shows that the proposed method is as accurate as the calibration method.

兰州重离子加速器深层治癌束流线真空系统

重离子深层治癌束流线从兰州重离子加速器冷却储存环(HIRFL-CSR)主环引出,利用能量为100MeV/u～430MeV/ u的碳离子束,开展治疗体内各种癌症的深层治癌研究。该束流线真空系统包括极高真空段、超高真空段和大气段,采用不同的真空获得方案和工艺路线,分别在极高真空段和超高真空段获得了8×10~(-10)Pa和1×10~(-6)Pa的真空度,并顺利实现了束流线的真空过渡,保证了HIRFL-CSR主环极高真空系统的安全运行;研制了适用于高频率扫描磁铁内放置的真空管道,消除了涡流对束流的影响;对隔离真空和大气的大尺寸膜窗材料进行了调研,选择高强度塑料膜(Hostaphan)和加强纤维膜(Kevlar)联合使用,既能让束流通过,又不会产生危害人体的中子,并能够有足够的强度抵御大气压力。该束流线真空系统的建成为重离子深层治癌的研究提供了良好的真空条件。

重离子加速器注入器电源控制器的设计；Design of digital power control system applied in sector focusing cyclotron

设计了一种应用于兰州重离子加速器注入器的电源控制器,该控制器基于微处理器AT-mega128,结合MAX7000系列的复杂可编程器件和RTL8019AS网关芯片来实现对电源系统的控制,并通过RS-232总线实现与上位机的串口通信。应用结果表明,该控制器具有良好的通用性、灵活性、可远程控制及性能稳定等特点,实现了注入器磁铁电源10-4量级的幅度稳定性,使注入器引出的束流强度、束流品质、束流稳定性和供束效率等得到很大的提高。

高级加密标准AES-192的7轮不可能差分分析

结合密钥扩展算法和划分子集的方法,提出7轮AES-192的不可能差分分析方法.首先估算猜测初始轮的错误密钥的最小概率;然后计算所需的明密文对的数量并选择明密文对,计算密文对的差分,猜测特殊的密钥字节对其进行不可能差分攻击.该攻击需要278选择明文,记忆存储空间为2129分组,以及约2155的7轮AES-192加密.与目前现有的结果相比,该攻击需要更少的选择明文数和较低的时间复杂度.

Interactions Between Exogenous Rare Earth Elements and Phosphorus Leaching in Packed Soil Columns

Through leaching experiments and simulated rainfall experiments, characteristics of vertical leaching of exogenous rare earth elements (REEs) and phosphorus (P) and their losses with surface runoff during simulated rainfall in different types of soils (terra nera soil, cinnamon soil, red soil, loess soil, and purple soil) were investigated. Results of the leaching experiments showed that vertical transports of REEs and P were relatively low, with transport depths less than 6 cm. The vertical leaching rates of REEs and P in the different soils followed the order of purple soil > terra nera soil > red soil > cinnamon soil > loess soil. Results of the simulated rainfall experiments (83 mm h(-1)) revealed that more than 92% of REEs and P transported with soil particles in runoff. The loss rates of REEs and P in surface runoff in the different soil types were in the order of loess soil > terra nera soil > cinnamon soil > red soil > purple soil. The total amounts of losses of REEs and P in runoff were significantly correlated.