Rendiconti della R. Accademia nazionale dei Lincei, Classe di scienze morali, storiche e filologiche.

Mode of access: Internet.

Théâtre.

Title from cover.

Esplendor i miseria als EUA d'entreguerres (1918-1939). 'Esplendor y miseria en los EUA de entreguerras (1918-1939)'.

Crédito variable para Bachillerato en Historia y Literatura. Pretende analizar el periodo histórico cultural de entreguerras en USA, las transformaciones que se producen y su repercusión en Europa y Catalunya. La información se estructura en torno a los temas: 1. La intervención norteamericana en la Primera Guerra Mundial; 2. La crisis de la postguerra (1918-20); 3. La década de la prosperidad (1921-1929); 4. El Crack del 29 y la gran regresión económica; 5. Los EUA del 1933 al 1939. Incluye temporalización y recursos didácticos entre otros y parte de la base de que es un periodo fundamental para el desarrollo de la historia universal posterior.

Formaci??n de maestros y educaci??n popular en los ateneos libertarios de Madrid : 1936-1939

Estudio de las escuelas racionalistas existentes en Madrid, durante la Guerra Civil de 1936-1939, en cuanto elemento difusor de la cultura y educaci??n a la poblaci??n obrera, bien como el an??lisis de tales escuelas tendr?? como perspectiva anal??tica la aprehensi??n de los elementos constituyentes del estudio de la instituci??n escolar. Fuentes documentales primarias y bibliograf??a. Fuentes primarias del Archivo Hist??rico Nacional, Secci??n de Guerra Civil en Salamanca. Fuentes Secundarias, las bibliogr??ficas. an??lisis documental. Investigaci??n documental, M??todo hist??rico. La efectividad de los objetivos propuestos por los organismos libertarios en cuanto a la difusi??n educaci??n y cultura el proceso revolucionario, en la medida que la transformaci??n social solo lograr??a el ??xito al propiciar la efectiva participaci??n de todos los individuos en la toma de decisiones a trav??s de la apropiaci??n de la educaci??n y cultura, se ha efectuado por medio de las Escuelas Racionalistas, Centros de Capacitaci??n para los obreros, etc. La formaci??n de los maestros, se vincula directamente al an??lisis de las Escuelas Normales y sobre las reformas educacionales por las cuales han pasado. La Reforma de las Escuelas Normales a partir de los Planes de 1914 y 1931 ha propiciado modificaciones en el curr??culo, en los requisitos para el ingreso, implementaci??n de pr??cticas en las Escuelas Anejas, entre otras innovaciones, cuyo objetivo era la mejora en la formaci??n de los maestros. Se innovaron los contenidos curriculares, se incorporan los fundamentos de la Escuela Activa, vinculada a la convicci??n de que el respeto a la individualidad del ni??o se presenta como elemento fundamental de la libertad inherente al individuo y as?? a trav??s del activismo metodol??gico las manifestaciones del ni??o podr??an ser captadas. Tales como el inter??s y la necesidad del ni??o vinculados a la realizaci??n de la individualidad, en cuanto caracter??stica esencial de la libertad. El Congreso Internacional de Educaci??n Nueva en agosto de 1921, propici?? la fundaci??n de la liga Internacional para la Educaci??n Nueva y tales principios estaban vinculados a los propios elaborados de la pedagog??a libertaria, puesto que entre los siete principios elaborados: la cooperaci??n, coeducaci??n y formaci??n del futuro ciudadano comprometido con la naci??n y la humanidad entera caracterizaban la ligaz??n org??nica con la formaci??n del hombre bajo la perspectiva de la efectividad de la emancipaci??n humana. El estudio psicol??gico se presentaba como el medio para la aprensi??n del inter??s y necesidad de los ni??os. Se adopt?? el m??todo desarrollado por Decroly en las escuelas de Catalu??a y Madrid. Sus centros de inter??s admiten la aplicaci??n total de la escuela activa como escuela de vida. La formaci??n filos??fica y sociol??gica de los maestros demostr?? a trav??s de los ejercicios te??ricos el posicionamiento ideol??gico con la propuesta transformaci??n social propugnada por los diversos te??ricos del Anarquismo. La Graduaci??n escolar se vincula a la consecuci??n de la directrices propugnada por los defensores de la Escuela Activa, por haber posibilitado la aplicabilidad de la racionalidad cient??fica, proponiendo m??todos de ense??anza enmarcados por los objetivos de democratizaci??n de la educaci??n y la cultura. Los principios de la Escuela Activa encierran en s?? la propuesta de democratizaci??n de la educaci??n y al mismo tiempo ha propiciado la selecci??n de los individuos m??s aptos para que desarrollen actividades intelectuales o manuales, seg??n las aptitudes de cada uno. La ense??anza teniendo como objetivo formar al hombre de manera integral, donde la libertad, individualidad de cada uno se realizaba en el colectivo identificado como medio de transformaci??n social a trav??s de la educaci??n. La individualidad, la libertad, apoyo y ayuda mutua han figurado como elementos esenciales de los m??todos activistas y como objetivo educacional de los organismos libertarios en cuanto a la difusi??n de la educaci??n y de la cultura ha sido efectuado, a trav??s de la incorporaci??n de los conceptos activistas y de la propia estructuraci??n graduada de las escuelas racionalistas.

A cidade em transformação: formação urbana, desenvolvimento e culturas políticas em Campo Grande (1905-1939)

Pós-graduação em História - FCHS

Germany and American neutrality, 1939-1941.

Mode of access: Internet.

Alameda Glette, 463, sede do Curso de Química da Universidade de São Paulo no período 1939-1965

As the foundation of the University of São Paulo completes 75 years, this article describes the history of a mansion at 463 Glette Boulevard, in São Paulo city, where several undergraduate courses of the University's Philosophy, Sciences and Letters Faculty operated until 1969. The first building of the school of Chemistry was erected there, 70 years ago. A brief retrospective of the Department of Chemistry at that place is given. The mansion was torn down by the middle of the 1970s, but it remained as a symbol of the school identity in the memory of all those who studied there.

Communism and Public Opinion in Queensland, 1939-1951 : An Explanation of Queensland's Vote in the 1951 Anti-Communist Referendum

The starting point of this thesis was a desire to explain the rapid demise in the popularity which the Communist Party enjoyed in Queensland during the second world war. Wartime Queensland gave the Australian Communist Party its highest state vote and six years later Queensland again gave the Communist Party its highest state vote - this time however, to ban the Party. From this I was led into exploring the changing policies, beliefs and strategies of the Party, as well as the many sub-groups on its periphery, and the shifts in public response to these. In 1939 Townsville elected Australia's first Communist alderman. Five years later, Bowen elected not only Australia's first but also the British Empire's first, Communist state government member. Of the five electorates the Australian Communist Party contested in the 1944 Queensland State elections, in none did the Party's candidate receive less than twenty per-cent of the formal vote. Not only was the Party seemingly enjoying considerable popular support but this was occurring in a State which, but for the Depression years (May 1929 - June 1932) had elected a Labor State Government at every state election since 1915. In the September 1951 Constitution Alteration Referendum, 'Powers To Deal With Communists and Communism', Queensland regist¬ered the nation's highest "Yes" majority - 55.76% of the valid vote. Only two other states registered a majority in favour of the referendum's proposals, Western Australia and Tasmania. As this research was undertaken it became evident that while various trends exhibited at the time, anti-Communism, the work of the Industrial Groups, Labor opportunism, local area feelings, ideological shifts of the Party, tactics of Communist-led unions, etc., were present throughout the entire period, they were best seen when divided into three chronological phases of the Party's history and popularity. The first period covers the consolidation of the Party's post-Depression popularity during the war years as it benefited from the Soviet Union's colossal contribution to the Allied war efforts, and this support continued for some six months or so after the war. Throughout the period Communist strength within the trade union movement greatly increased as did total Party membership. The second period was marked by a rapid series of events starting in March 1946, with Winston Churchill's "Official Opening" of the Cold War by his sweeping attack on Communism and Russia, at Fulton. Several days later the first of a series of long and bitter strikes in Communist-led unions occurred, as the Party mobil¬ized for what it believed would be a series of attacks on the working class from a ruling class, defending a capitalist system on the verge of an economic collapse. It was a period when the Party believed this ruling class was using Labor reformism as a last desperate 'carrot' to get workers to accept their lot within a capitalist economic framework. Out of the Meat Strike emerged the Industrial Groups, who waged not only a determined war against Communist trade union leadership but also encouraged the A.W.U.-influenced State Labor apparatus to even greater anti-Communist antagonisms. The Communist Party's increasing militancy and Labor's resistance to it, ended finally in the collapse of the Chifley Labor government. Characteristically the third period opens with the Communist Party making an another about-face, desperately trying to form an alliance with the Labor Party and curbing its former adventurist industrial policy, as it prepared for Menzies' direct assault. The Communist Party's activities were greatly reduced, a function of both a declining member-ship and, furthermore, a membership reluctant to confront an increasingly hostile society. In examining the changing policies, beliefs and strategies of the Party and the shifts in public response to these, I have tried to distinguish between general trends occurring within Australia and the national party, and trends peculiar to Queensland and the Queensland branch of the Party, The Communist Party suffered a decline in support and membership right across Australia throughout this period as a result of the national policies of the Party, and the changing nature of world politics. There were particular features of this decline that were peculiar to Queensland. I have, however, singled out three features of particular importance throughout the period for a short but more specifically detailed analysis, than would be possible in a purely chronological study: i.e. the Party's structure, the Party's ideological subservience to Moscow, and the general effect upon it of the Cold War.

Glossocercus chelodinae (MacCallum, 1921) n. comb. (Cestoda : Dilepididae) from freshwater turtles in Australia and a redefinition of the genus Bancroftiella Johnston, 1911

Glossocercus chelodinae (MacCallum, 1921) n. comb. is redescribed from fresh material recovered from the intestine of an Australian freshwater turtle, Chelodina expansa. G. chelodinae can be distinguished from all other species of the genus by the shape of its rostellar hooks. it is suggested that this species has colonised fish-eating turtles from fish-eating birds. The morphological relationships among Parvitaenia, Bancroftiella and Glossocercus are discussed. The diagnosis of Bancroftiella is amended and marsupials are eliminated as hosts. Bancroftiella sudarikovi Spasskii & Yurpalova, 1970 becomes a synonym of Glossocercus glandularis (Fuhrmann, 1905); only B. tennis Johnston, 1911, the type-species, and B. ardeae Johnston, 1911 remain in the genus.